SOCRATES AND PLATO – FOR MODERN STUDENTS (HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL, WORLDVIEW AND DIDACTIC ASPECTS)

Author(s): Gusev D.A., Minaychenkova E.I., Kalaidova A.A., Pustovoitov J.L., Suslov A.V.

Rubric: Methodological research

DOI: 10.21777/2500-2112-2025-1-84-97

Release: 2025-1 (50)

Pages: 84-97

Keywords: modern education, teaching philosophy, Socrates’ teaching, maieutics, Plato’s teaching, the world of ideas, the world of things, eidos, speculation, theory of innate ideas, Christianity

Annotation: The relevance of the topic is determined by significant educational losses, largely related to the process of digitali- zation, which inevitably entails significant technocratization, bureaucratization, formalization and alienation of the content of both secondary and higher education in Russia from those who acquire it. The object of the research is the teaching of a general philosophy course to students of higher educational institutions of non-philosophical areas and training profiles in modern educational conditions. The subject of the research is the study and teaching in the general philosophy course of the main ideas of the two most important historical and philosophical figures who set the timeless basic content of such a form of spiritual culture of mankind as philosophy – Socrates and Plato. The purpose of the work is a pedagogical demonstration that, depending on the specifics of teaching phi- losophy, it can be made both repulsive and attracting the cognitive interest of the student audience. The research methods are deductive and inductive conclusions, analogical conclusions, idealization, abstraction, pedagogical observation and empirical generalization, comparative analysis and thought experiment. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the substantiation of a kind of “pedagogical theorem” that a simple, clear and re- alistic presentation of any material greatly increases the level of educational interest of the student audience and the degree of learning effectiveness. The application area of the research results is ideological heuristics, philo- sophical enlightenment, teaching philosophy and other social and humanitarian disciplines in higher education.

Bibliography: Gusev D.A., Minaychenkova E.I., Kalaidova A.A., Pustovoitov J.L., Suslov A.V. SOCRATES AND PLATO – FOR MODERN STUDENTS (HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL, WORLDVIEW AND DIDACTIC ASPECTS) // Education Resources and Technologies. – 2025. – № 1 (50). – С. 84-97. doi: 10.21777/2500-2112-2025-1-84-97