Journal headings
"Legal sciences"

Annotation: This article analyzes the events, actions and facts in the history of Kievan Rus, part of which became the territory of the Moldavian Principality, after its formation. These events and facts became the key and the basis of the good relations of the Moldavian Principality and the Moscow Kingdom, which ended with the establishment of the citizenship of the Moscow Kingdom over the Moldavian Principality. The purpose of this study is to form a scientific historical and legal framework proving the objectivity and pattern of such a historical and legal fact. The task of the study is to analyze facts from various sources of domestic, Moldavian and Romanian authors, reflecting the activities of secular and spiritual authorities in the rapprochement of the Moldavian Principality and the Moscow Kingdom in the 17th century. In the course of the study, general scientific and special research methods were used – systemic, analysis and synthesis, logical, historical, interpretation. As a result of the study, it was proved that it was during this period of time that the first normative act in the history of bilateral relations was signed, which established the official citizenship of the Moscow Kingdom over the Moldavian Principality.

Annotation: The article describes the features of legal regulation of the use of programs with artificial intelligence to ensure security and control of society using the example of the Russian Federation, the EU and the UK. The issue of the relationship between the use of person tracking systems using personal identification methods and the im- plementation of the right to privacy of a person’s personal life was considered in the research separately. The relevance of this topic is due to the rapid development of information technology in the world. Scientific novelty is determined by the comparative short history of legal relations arising from the development, use and control of the use of artificial intelligence by individuals and legal entities, as well as states. The common methods of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of participants in legal relations, developed over the centuries by states, have little applicability due to the use of artificial intelligence capabilities without taking into account territorial borders.

Annotation: The article examines the prerequisites for the forming of professional legal awareness of medical workers and doctors, in particular, as legally significant entities making decisions that affect the life and health of patients. The author draws attention to the general trends in the forming of legal awareness in Russia, in particular, such trends among young people and young people in universities. The researcher critically evaluates the results of the study of the educational process in relation to schoolchildren and applicants, pointing out the dubiousness of the indicators of knowledge growth, since the level of the required material and its depth are not taken into account, the narrow focus of preparation for admission to the university only in the assigned subjects and the lack of figures reflecting the general education of applicants are not taken into account. The issue is raised that all these trends and factors, in a particular case, affect the level of legal awareness and legal culture: both in society as a whole and in professional communities, in particular. Having such a basis, the professional con- sciousness of a medical worker is undoubtedly distorted. A system of medical bioethics measures is proposed by the author to influence the doctor’s professional legal consciousness.

Annotation: The article discusses important aspects of the development of civil society in Russia. The institution of civil so- ciety is an integral attribute of any State governed by the rule of law. However, its formation is conditioned by the emergence of certain prerequisites in the political, social, economic and cultural spheres. In the history of Russia, these prerequisites occurred in the second half of the XIX century as a result of the reforms of Emperor Alexander II, which created the conditions for the forming of civil society. The aim of the author is to analyze the historical course of the country towards the forming of civil society; to consider the reforms of the 1860s in Russia in the context of the occurrence of prerequisites for the forming of civil society; to identify the essence of these prerequisites; to determine the role of reforms for the forming of civil society in Russia. During the study, historical, comparative legal, and formal legal methods were applied. The author concludes that the necessary conditions for the formation of civil society have emerged in the political, social, economic, and cultural spheres in Russia, as well as the emergence of elements of civil society resulting from the reforms of the 1860s.

Annotation: The article outlines the problem faced by humanity in choosing between traditional values and innovations introduced by Western ideologues under the guise of somatic human rights and the role of mentoring in the spiritual revival of humanity. The aim of this article is to develop mechanisms for reforming the institution of Youth Mentoring at the present stage. The subject of the study is the justification of the theory and practice of mentoring from the perspective of the synergetic triad of the educational process: patriotic education, forming of legal consciousness, and instilling traditional universal values and moral norms. Based on the subject of the study, the following tasks were performed: the historical experience of the educational process of Russian youth, laid down by Slavic and Eastern cultures, is analyzed; the differences in the personnel potential of school teachers in Imperial and Soviet Russia are studied; the prerequisites for an imbalance in the school educational system between male and female teachers are revealed; the phenomenology of responsibility is considered through the prism of male education and the forming of legal awareness among young people; the proposals on the form- ing of the legal consciousness of the younger generation at the present stage based on the generalization of the experience of crime prevention in the “16-year Shchelkov period” are formulated; the practical importance of enhancing the human resources of the institute of Mentoring in the educational environment through the return of men to the teaching profession is substantiated; mechanisms for reforming the institute of Mentoring youth are proposed; organizational measures necessary for the implementation of the proposed mechanisms for improving the role of mentoring in practice. The theoretical framework of the conducted research is the socio-axiological approach to examining phenomena of legal reality.