Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The aim of the work was to study the causes, features, factors of investment limitation for financing regional development projects. These aspects are considered as from a theoretical point of view: factors of investment attractiveness and conditions for assessing the investment climate of the region; and from the standpoint of the rating assessment of the investment activity of urban areas of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The method and methodology of the work includes: diagnostics of the specialization of projects implemented in the regions. At the same time, a structural analysis of costs made it possible to identify causal relationships in the dynamics of development indicators of Russian regions. The time series method was used to assess regional indicators: the volume of residential buildings put into operation, the number of permits for building territories, the volume of investments in fixed capital. The subject of the study is the analysis of the types of sectoral specialization of the regions, on the basis of which pilot infrastructure development projects are being implemented: agriculture and the food industry, metallurgy and mechanical engineering; transport and shipbuilding, fishing. The study of the possibilities of implementing investment projects is considered through a system of problems: a high level of costs for differentiation of territories and zoning of industrial zones for the integrated development of the region; lack of new territorial planning schemes; restrictions on investment in rural development. The results of the work are the classification of investments for the purpose of concentrating business in the regions by enlarged groups: investments in the extraction of minerals (the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District); investments in ecological tourism and manufacturing (regions of the Central Federal District); investment in fish processing (regions of the Northwestern Federal District). The substantiation of the research results is described through a system of investment mechanisms involving the services of credit institutions and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The scope of the results is the study of the relationship between the mechanisms for investing in regional development projects and the results of improving territories, their integrated development, development and improving the quality of life of society on the example of the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. The introduction of successful practices for the integrated development of territories has been studied from the standpoint of analyzing the quality of investments in projects for the modernization of territorial infrastructure development. The article emphasizes the role of activating entrepreneurial activity in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District to increase the level of infrastructural regional development. Conclusions: on the basis of the results of the assessment of the rating of regions with high investment activity, the leading regions in the system of economic development were identified: Moscow, St. Petersburg and the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The economic development potential of these regions will improve the practice of attracting budgetary and private investments in other subjects of the Russian Federation and improve the quality of life in society.

Annotation: The “Green” financing is becoming an integral part of the global trend for the sustainable introduction and development of the “green” economy. The international financial system is developing in the direction of active growth of the “green” sector of global market finance and responsible investments. The investment paradigm itself is changing. More and more attention is being paid to transformative investments intended to achieve not only a certain economic result, but also having the potential for positive social and environmental impact. The subject of the study is the concept of transition to a “green” economy. The purpose of this article is to identify common prospects and directions for the development of “green” finance at the international level. The achievement of these goals was carried out using the methods of system analysis, induction, graphic method, as well as using a systematic literature review. The theoretical foundations of the concept of “green” finance are investigated. The classification of instruments and institutions of “green” financing is carried out, their strengths and limitations are identified. New “green” financial instruments are designed not only to obtain economic benefits from their use, but also to solve environmental and climatic problems for the preservation of the surrounding world.

Annotation: The article describes the economic and social factors of the emergence of rental income and traces the historical processes that contributed to the forming of the system of redistribution of rental income to the public sector of the economy. The article describes how the forming of the institution of the state contributed to the fact that the rental income began to be systematically extracted by economic agents. The definitions given by different authors to the concept of “social sector” are presented, the lack of consistency of existing definitions is found. It is also revealed that the defining characteristics of the social sector are, first, its focus on the creation and distribution of public goods, and second, that different ways of redistributing income received in other sectors of the economy dominate among the methods of financing the public sector. Special attention is paid to the role of patronage and charity institutions in the system of rent redistribution, which is assessed as important, and the degree of integration of this institution into the system is recognized as insufficient for nowadays. The results of the study are applicable in developing areas for reforming the mechanisms of strategic partnership between the state and private economic agents owning rent.

Annotation: The article postulates the interaction of developing economic systems with the biosphere, deviating from established norms. It is this that actualizes the search for the best solutions to this interaction. Therefore, the optimization of the interaction of achieving an acceptable compromise between the efficiency of economic systems and the safety of the biosphere based on genetic algorithms is proposed. As a scientific and methodical approach, continuous mechanisms of multimodal genetic optimization of economic systems are predetermined.

Annotation: A number of states are already on the verge of exhausting the available possibilities for intra-basin and interbasin transfers of part of the river flow and rational water management of the territory. This forces us to start studying and developing water sharing projects based on interzonal (interstate) territorial transfers of part of the river flow. The analysis of the dynamics and forecasts of water consumption clearly indicate that the coming century will be characterized for humanity by the search for solutions to the problem of water resources, and will become for the world community a period of solving the problems of mutually beneficial sharing of water resources between states on the basis of large-scale territorial redistribution of water resources.