Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The study examines the specifics of the National Innovation System (NIS) of the Russian Federation. The author emphasizes that in modern conditions of sanctions pressure, the NIS of a country determines technological sov- ereignty. The rationale for the relevance of the topic is provided, which is based on statistical data. Based on the analysis of indicators (innovation activity, index of inventive activity), negative trends in innovation activity are identified. The variety of approaches to the definition of the concept of “NIS” is characterized. The influence of all these approaches on the development of the NIS of the Russian Federation is stated. The conclusion is made about the importance of the “national” specifics of NIS. According to the author, the specific features of the na- tion (mentality) significantly complement the factors that determine the intellectual activity of personnel in the innovation system and, as a result, the intellectual activity of NIS, which ensures the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation. The modern features of NIS are highlighted: acceleration of STP, structural reconstruc- tion, intellectualization of personnel, humanization of management. The importance of the spiritual and moral essence of innovation reproduction as a modern specificity of the intellectual activity of NIS is emphasized. A new interpretation of the definition of “NIS” is proposed. The author’s conclusions collectively contribute to the systematization of research activities, the definition of a new emphasis on the development of effective manage- ment solutions in order to ensure the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation.

Annotation: he research in this article is aimed at studying fundamentally new mechanisms and forms of financing invest- ment projects caused by technological development and external macroeconomic conditions. The methodological basis of the study is a comparative, quantitative-sum assessment of empirical data and statistical information. The article presents an assessment of the investment activity of the domestic economy over the past five years with the concretization of stimulating factors. Specific forms of innovative investment financing instruments are outlined, as well as their varieties. The interpretation and characteristics of each instrument are given. The current level of legal regulation of new forms of investment financing was analyzed. A comparative description of individual Russian investment platforms is presented, the dynamics of their total number over the past three years is considered. An assessment of the level of application of innovative financing tools is given, the prospects for their further development in the domestic economy are outlined. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the systematization of new forms of financing of investment projects and the disclosure of the characteristic features of certain types of financing.

Annotation: The article characterizes the metric system of a person’s decent life as the basis for assessing the qualitative integrity of the creative and intellectual form of individual and social human capital. A decomposition model of the parameters of a decent life is proposed, including separately the metrics of a decent level and a decent quality of life. The methodological basis of the article is structural-genetic and interdisciplinary approaches to the problem of qualitative analysis of key phenomena characterizing the subject perspective of the study. The scientific novelty of the provisions and conclusions lies in the development of a new system of parameters for a decent level and decent quality of life for an individual; the forming of a metric system of a worthy life for the individual as an integrity that determines the axiological and spiritual-moral vector of creative work activity; proof of the need to include in the national innovation system (NIS) a person living with dignity with a list of parameters for the qualitative integrity of his creative and intellectual capital. The scientific and practical sig- nificance of the proposed conclusions and recommendations lies in clarifying the interpretation of key concepts (decent life, decent standard of living and quality of life of the same name), as well as in justifying the need to implement the practical tasks of the state’s socio-economic policy aimed at the “targeted” and targeted forma- tion of a decent life of every Russian household.

Annotation: In this article, the authors implement an integrated approach and offer systematic analytical material devoted to current problems of international labor migration and its impact on the economic security of the state. An analysis of current statistical data on the directions, structure and dynamics of migration processes is carried out using the example of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the positive and negative consequences of the increas- ing scale of cross-border movement of labor in the conditions of the new economic reality. The migration influx makes it possible to fill the existing shortage of labor resources, reduce the severity of the demographic problem, but at the same time additional problems arise related to the protection of national interests and ensuring national security. Particular attention is paid to the financial consequences associated with the increased burden on the budget when implementing government support measures for migrants. The results of the study can be used in developing public policy, including those aimed at optimizing migration flows, taking into account the need to protect national interests and ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation, as well as solving the demographic problem.

Annotation: The article examines the specifics of the relationship between the high-tech sector and digitalization for the development of Russia. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, four approaches are identified that reflect the connection and influence of digitalization in the development of entrepreneurship, industry and territory. As a fundamental component in the study, based on the considered approaches, the direction related to the technological development of territories is taken into account, which is aimed at activating opportunities in the field of information technology. To determine the specifics of the relationship between the high-tech sector and digitalization, an assessment of the export and import of information technology products (IT products) is carried out. The application of an approach to the assessment of exports and imports of IT products is justi- fied. A classification (based on the OECD approach) has been identified for the assessment, which includes a breakdown by product groups: computers and peripheral equipment; communication equipment; digital and consumer electronics; electronic components; miscellaneous. The trends in global trade in the export and import of IT products are analyzed and the Russian specifics in this segment for a 19-year period (from 2004 to 2023) are identified. Promising positions in the field of digital technologies in the global IT product market are identified.