Journal headings
"Legal sciences"

Annotation: This paper discusses the main stages of the legitimization of the bureaucratic apparatus in Russia in the first half of the XIXth century. The author‘s purpose is to analyze the political measures of the Russian government aimed at modernizing the structure, organization and activities of the bureaucracy at both the central and local levels during this period. This topic is relevant in the context of increasing public interest in the efficiency of the functioning of the state apparatus of Russia and its improvement. The historical experience of the authorities in the organization, regulation, as well as the quantitative and qualitative development of domestic bureaucracy deserves attention. As the main results, the author formulates the requirements for officials that have developed at the legislative level. It is concluded that by the middle of the XIXth century, the bureaucratic apparatus had become one of the main forces in the state and society of Russia.

Annotation: The article discusses the session of the State Assembly (Sabor) held in 1389, after the battle of Kosovo, the death of Prince Lazar and great losses. The Assembly, headed by Princess Milica, who ruled in the name of the underage Prince Stefan, decided to subjugate the country to Sultan Bayazid and to let him marry Princess Olivera, Stefan’s sister. The author analyzes the few available sources that mention this Assembly, and the significance of its decisions.

Annotation: One of the important resources for the sustainability of all political regimes is legitimacy. According to the general theory of legitimacy, the reasons and conditions for placing trust in the society of the dominant political class for finding it in power are explained, using the available symbolic, moral and legal tools to guarantee self-legitimation. If we talk about modern states governed by the rule of law, then the basis of legitimacy is usually associated with the national supreme law – the constitution, that is, its fundamental values, principles and norms, just like the approval of them by society regarding their application by state institutions and officials. Each significant revision of the main state at the same time means both a challenge to the previously established legitimacy and an attempt to “make a new constructor”. The nationwide vote on amendments to the Constitution, held from June 25 to July 1, 2020, revealed that the public’s credit of the current concept of public administration and personally to the head of state during the previous presidential elections has been proven.

Annotation: The modern approach to the institutions of marriage and family is considered in the context of historical and comparative legal analysis of legislative acts, as well as dogmatic norms of church law. Considerable attention is paid to the responsibilities of spouses as moral and legal regulators of family relations. Based on the traditional meanings and values of marriage, a consistent ethization of the family legislation of Russia is proposed, which will allow avoiding neoliberal tendencies that significantly hamper the development of modern family policy.

Annotation: Science in the Russian Federation is included in the main national priorities, therefore maximum attention is required to the state of science as a whole and to improve the level of its attractiveness. The main goals for the near future are import substitution, reducing dependence on the supply of innovative equipment, raw materials and materials from abroad, achieving the level of world scientific leaders, as well as reducing the outflow of scientists. This can be achieved, among other things, by increasing the attractiveness of science for young professionals. The article provides an analysis of the legal framework for supporting young scientists in the Russian Federation, assesses its structure and ways of further improvement.