Journal headings
"Legal sciences"

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the connection between two legal sciences: comparative law and private international law. The author shows the systemic interaction of both sciences. Their intersection is observed: in the general history at the initial stage of their forming and development; in the use of the comparative legal method as one of the central methodological tools for adapting the norms of international law to regulate civil law relations with the participation of a foreign element; in the active role of the norms of international public law on the issues of civil law cooperation of states in the process of unification of the norms of PIL; in the case of litigation of a dispute involving a foreign element and the court resorts to the comparative legal method as a tool that allows correctly identifying the applicable elements of foreign law. On the other hand, PIL creates ample opportunities for comparative legal analysis, supplying researchers with "primary material" of real life situations from various legal systems.

Annotation: The article is devoted to consideration features of artificial intelligence, its place in modern scientific sphere, resolution of disputes about the prospects and risks of its wider application. The rapid development of artificial intelligence has led to the urgent need to expand the boundaries of legal regulation and identify ways to resolve copyright issues for works created by artificial intelligence. In this regard, it is relevant to explore the definition of artificial intelligence, as well as the legal risks of its use and ways to overcome them. Today Russia has significant competitive advantages in the field of digital technologies and the legal dissemination of artificial intelligence, including due to the strong natural science school of the country, the availability of basic physical and mathematical education and competencies in the field of programming. The task of the domestic jurisprudence is to promote timely regulatory support, proper and legal registration of AI-technologies. The practical significance of the research lies in the search for optimal legal regulation of artificial intelligence, which will facilitate the unhindered introduction of the latest technologies capable of performing legally significant actions independent of a human.

Annotation: The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees everyone the right to life. Human life is an absolute value that is protected regardless of gender, age, race or other circumstances. Criminal legislation plays a special role in its protection. In fulfilling this role, the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation contains a number of important articles on the protection of life, mainly focused on chapter 16 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Crimes against the life of children occupy a special place among crimes against the person, since children are among the most vulnerable groups of people. The objective side of the crime under Art. 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is characterized by the act, the consequences in the form of the death of a newborn and the causal relationship between the act of the mother and the death of the newborn. The object of the crime is the life of a newborn child. In fact, Art. 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides for three types of murder: murder by the mother of a newborn child during or after childbirth; murder by the mother of a newborn child in a traumatic situation; murder by the mother of a newborn child in a mental disorder that does not exclude sanity.

Annotation: The legislator pays considerable attention to the suppression, disclosure, investigation and prevention of extremist crimes. Therefore, the struggle against crimes of this category is an important direction in the fight against crime, both on the part of law enforcement agencies and the state as a whole. The article analyzes the reasons for initiating a criminal case. It is noted that the reasons for initiating a criminal case of an extremist orientation are operational-search activities carried out by operational units, reports from tax authorities, information received directly from persons involved in other crimes. The procedural features of conducting individual investigative actions are investigated. It is emphasized that the conduct of investigative actions in this category of criminal cases is mainly associated with the seizure of information from electronic devices. The seized information is subsequently the subject of various forensic examinations. The author identifies some shortcomings in law enforcement practice for recording information in electronic form, as well as shortcomings and errors in the appointment of forensic examinations. Possible ways of resolving procedural problems are indicated.

Annotation: The purpose of the work is to study regulatory criminal-and-legal relations and its elements as a debatable category in the theory of criminal law. The relevance of the topic is determined by the presence of different opinions of scientists on the essence and content of regulatory criminal-and-legal relations, their relationship with criminal law relations and criminal liability. During the study of the issue, general scientific and private scientific research methods were used: dialectical, formal-logical, system-structural. The article analyzes the history of the issue of regulatory criminal-and-legal relations recognition in the general theory of law and the theory of criminal law, the contribution of individual scientists to the development of its concept. The article examines the moment of the initial emergence of these legal relations and their connection with the fact of publication and operation of criminal law norms, the characteristics of these legal relations from the point of view of their classification in the theory of law. The elements of the structure of regulatory criminal law relations (object, subjects, content) are considered, their relationship with positive criminal responsibility and criminal law behavior is determined, the author’s opinion on the issues under consideration is expressed.