Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: Currently, the priorities in the business environment are constantly changing. Modern technologies are being introduced everywhere: online training, remote work, communication, virtual signing of contracts. New challenges of our time have forced potential investors to reconsider their views. This determines the relevance of the research topic. The purpose of the study is to analyze one of the processes taking place in the securities market - increasing the interest of private investors in a brokerage account as an instrument on the stock market and to determine the portrait of a modern investor. This article examines the specifics and main aspects of modern investment through a brokerage account. The dynamics of the number of clients in brokerage services is analyzed in the context of open individual investment accounts and brokerage accounts. The structure of accounts of individuals on brokerage services by assets is considered, the main place in which (60 %) is occupied by empty accounts of individuals. Attention is drawn to the portrait of a modern investor, in which the motives of modern investment play a key role. At the same time, the article concludes that despite the increase in the key rate, the number of private investors will continue to increase in 2021. As the income and attractiveness of the stock market grow, the volume of assets will grow, not the number of accounts.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is to identify the features of production, regulation and cost formation in the construction industry. The article reveals the role of the construction industry in the Russian economy, the distinctive features of the industry related to the nature of its products. The purpose and modern tasks of construction industry development, its main objects are highlighted, taking into account the sufficiently detailed norms and regulatory documents adopted. Particular attention is paid to a wide range of regulatory special documents that determine in many ways the features of the formation and planning of costs in this industry. The latter are investigated. The author particularly notes that construction production is the opposite of industrial production, where production facilities are built before the start of the production process, production equipment is installed, the technology of the manufacturing process is debugged and after that the production is carried out directly. The article concludes that such a feature requires individual methods of organizing the production process and managing it. In addition the issues of registration and regulation of construction industry subjects relations, the procedure of costs formation in the form of the estimated construction cost are highlighted.

Annotation: The state regulation of tariffs is effected in the water supply industry. Its goal is in equal measure ensure the interests of consumers (quality and price) and the development of the industry. Statistical data from 2010 to 2018 indicate that goals have not been achieved: there is no significant improvement in the technical condition of the water supply network, the annual share of replaced water supply networks in their total volume in Russia is 1.1 % (the recommended standard is 4 %), and the net loss of water supply companies is 11.75 billion rubles. First of all, this situation is determined by the used regulation methods. In the same time the health and well-being of about 120 million Russian people directly depends on the stable functioning of the water supply sector. In this regard, the authors are considering the possibility of introducing yardstick pricing for water supply services. It is based on mechanisms to stimulate operating and investment activities. This will increase the water service industry efficiency. However, at present, in the Russian context, the introduction of yardstick pricing is impossible. This is based on a comparison of Russian and foreign practice. At the same time, the yardstick regulation introduction is necessary. Therefore, based on the analysis and synthesis of data, the authors identified avenue of approach to change the Russian water supply organizations data harvesting to ensure the possibility of introducing yardstick methods. In particular, the article defines the need to amend the regulations and the composition of the disclosed indicators, the use of the FSIS EIAS system as a platform for disclosure. In conclusion, the authors recommended revising the financing of investment programs of water supply organizations separately from their operating costs.

Annotation: The article examines the problems and issues of assessing the factors that affect the financial results of a telecommunications company. On the example of one of the largest companies, the assessment of factors was carried out, the applied assessment methods were considered. The analysis of the environment of indirect and direct impact is carried out using the research of consumers, suppliers, competitors. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that all the main indicators and their dynamics directly depend on the company’s customers, and are also subject to changes from external factors. The article also identifies the competitive advantages and strategic opportunities of the telecommunications market. A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of methods for analyzing financial results is presented. The main goal of the study is to determine the degree of influence of financial results on the activities of companies in the telecommunications industry. In the course of the study, generalizing conclusions and conclusions are drawn about the features of the assessment of financial results.

Annotation: The state tariff policy in the field of district heating is the activity of government institutions aimed at the formation of an economically justified level of tariffs, which should ensure a balance of interests of all participants in the heat market. To this end, the authors of the article evaluated the current regulation methods and the results of their application. This paper reveals that until now, all segments of district heating have experienced economic and technological decline. Annual total losses for heat supply enterprises are estimated at 85–100 billion rubles. Investment and repair programs of heating grid enterprises are not able to provide normative values for the renewal of heating networks (actual indicators are two times lower than the standard). There is a low load of thermal power plants with a combined generation of electric and thermal energy (the installed capacity utilization factor (ICUF) is at the level of 30 %). This creates the prerequisites for an additional tariff load on consumers of centralized heat supply systems in terms of equipment maintenance. On the statistics basis, the authors determined that the tariff policy pursued by the state is not able to provide the necessary balance of interests in the heat supply markets. Therefore, the authors proposed a phased introduction of a new model for the functioning of heat energy markets with a fundamentally new method of setting tariffs using the “no more expensive than alternative sources of heat” method. It will make it possible to radically change the current difficult financial and technological situation in all segments of heat supply. In conclusion, the authors determined that with the new format of economic relations in the thermal energy markets, the regulatory environment will require new approaches to information disclosure standards in order to increase the transparency of the operation of industry enterprises.