Headings of the journal
"Educational Resources and Technologies"

Annotation: The academic discipline “Philosophy” is currently being studied by students of all universities, institutes, faculties, directions and profiles of training in the higher education system. Whereas the discipline “Logic”, which comes fr om philosophical knowledge and can be considered as one of the sections of philosophy, is not studied everywhere as a separate course – in various educational programs and curricula, unlike “Philosophy”, it will rather be absent than present. Wh ere it is present, it is studied as formal logic – the science of the correct construction of thoughts in reasoning. Meanwhile, it is not uncommon to hear about dialectical logic. What is it? Surprisingly, despite the term “logic” in this phrase, dialectical logic is one of the themes of philosophy, but not logic in its formal or traditional sense. It is possible that not every representative of philosophical knowledge and teacher of logic and philosophy will undertake the work of a popular and clear explanation of what dialectical logic is, why it is a branch of philosophy and actually has nothing to do with logic as such, or with formal logic. The question arises – how is it possible to demand from students studying a philosophy course an adequate knowledge of this issue? It is possible, of course, in the course of philosophy, to bypass it. However, if we still include it in the main content of the discipline – because of its importance and didactic attractiveness – in terms of the implementation of educational and developmental learning goals, then how can we clearly and intelligibly explain this material to students, in both substance and form? The article is devoted to this pedagogical, psychological, didactic, methodological, as well as philosophical and logical question to no lesser extent.

Annotation: The article describes the relevant socio-philosophical problem of preventing and overcoming modern value and meaning conflicts. Conflicts of belief are activated in times of crisis and are powerful sources of destructive processes, thus modern professionals need to have the knowledge and skills to identify this kind of conflict situations and analyze them systematically. Modern social and practical philosophy offers three philosophical and methodological grounds for such analysis: first, the distinction between private beliefs and universal knowledge, which are coercive to rational beings. Second, the recognition of different beliefs and convictions as having an equal right to coexist peacefully in a modern democratic society and a state governed by the rule of law, since they cannot claim objective truth and superiority over one another. Third, contemporary beliefs should be consistent with applicable legal laws, and therefore they should not contradict the constitutional rights and freedoms of all citizens of the country, and at the same time should allow for mutual respect for other legitimate beliefs. The article presents two bases of mutually respectful attitudes – pragmatic (economic and legal) and general moral (humanistic and ecocentric), the forming of which should be included in the content of modern socio-humanitarian disciplines.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the issues of building ground-based networks for collecting information about aerosol pollution of coastal zones, taking into account the wind speed from sea to shore. The methodology of the study provides for taking into account the following main influencing factors of the coastal zone: wind speed in the “sea-shore” direction, distance from the shore, exponential decrease in the optical thickness of the coastal sea aerosol at a distance from the coastline to the land. The optimization problem of choosing the distance of the location of the photometer depending on the wind speed is formulated and solved in the article. A formula is given for calculating the distance from the coastline at which the average value of the measuring signal over a certain range of permissible wind speeds reaches a minimum value. The main conclusion of the study is the established fact that there are optimal ratios of influencing factors of the coastal zone, which should be taken into account when constructing and using technical means of collecting information and monitoring the state of the atmosphere in coastal zones. The results obtained can be applied in the construction of meteorological networks and stations for monitoring atmospheric pollution in coastal zones.

Annotation: Modernization of religious education is an integral part of the strategic development of the national education system. Despite the successful experience of introducing electronic information and educational systems in leading Islamic universities in Russia, the digitalization of religious education is accompanied by a number of pedagogical risks. The author analyzes the pedagogical risks that must be borne in mind when using e-learning and distance learning technologies in the educational process, taking into account the specifics of an Islamic educational organization. The article presents the characteristics of the state of e-learning in Islamic educational institutions in Russia and abroad. Based on statistical and sociological data, the political, social, organizational, psychological, pedagogical and methodological aspects of the introduction of e-learning in religious education are characterized, and the main array of risks associated with this process is determined. The ways of reducing pedagogical risks in the implementation of e-learning in an Islamic educational organization are proposed.

Annotation: The article deals with the problem of preventing the use of psychoactive substances by students in the educational environment. The authors consider the main approaches to the organization of psychoprophylactic measures in the educational environment, aimed at strengthening the protective factors that prevent the start of use and reduce the risk factors for the forming of dependence on psychoactive substances among minors. The theoretical review presented in the article allows us to consider in detail the main types of minors who are prone to the use of psychoactive substances. The authors describe an empirical study in which 120 respondents of adolescent and juvenile ages from different federal districts of the Russian Federation took part. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that for each of these groups it is necessary to create a special system of psychoprophylactic measures. The differences will consist in the strategy of preventive measures, depending on the typology of the propensity to use psychoactive substances. The main practical significance of the study consists in compiling a psychological portrait of minors with a tendency to use psychoactive substances, which will make the latter a target of psychoprophylactic measures.