Headings of the journal
"Educational Resources and Technologies"

Annotation: The article analyzes the effectiveness of team competitive events within the framework of project-based learning. The subject of research is the organizational and methodological aspects of hackathons and ideaathons in the context of higher education. The study is based on the experience of preparation and implementation of such events at Akmulla Bashkir State Pedagogical University. Definitions are given, types, formats of organization and holding of competitive events in the field of information technology are considered. Examples of tasks and winning projects are presented. Factors influencing the quality of hackathons and ideaathons, as well as their relationship with expected results are investigated. The results of monitoring the satisfaction of participants of hackathons and ideaathons based on a survey and questionnaire are presented. Options for increasing motivation and attracting potential participants are proposed. The impact of such events on the forming and development of students’ universal and professional competencies is analyzed. The issue of including hackathons and ideaathons in the educational process of universities is discussed.

Annotation: Digital technologies have long and firmly entered our lives, but recently the emphasis of their application has been shifting. The object of research in this article is digital education, and the subject is the scenarios of using digital technologies within it. The article describes the results of the study of the learning process using digital and information technologies. The main directions of their effective use in the educational sphere are outlined, negative aspects of quick access to digital information for students are noted. The process is considered from the point of view of educational environment and application of digital and information technologies. The scenarios of using digital technologies in the educational process are presented: face-to-face training with the use of digital tools and technologies, distance learning, blended learning. The analysis of practical application of the scenarios is given, the assessment of positive and negative experience of using digital technologies in professional activity is given, including on the basis of questionnaire survey of teachers of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Annotation: The most important strategic task of the Russian higher education system is to train personnel for the needs of the digital stage of development. Despite the popularity of information professions and the growing demand for IT education, Russia is experiencing a significant shortage of IT specialists of various levels of training. The study identified the main institutional and competent imbalances in the IT training system, which made it possible to identify a set of factors that have a cumulative effect that has accumulated over a number of previous years and prove the inflexibility and low responsiveness of Russian academic educational institutions to the urgent re- quirements of systemic digitalization. It is concluded that the non-use of the potential of Russian universities, the inability of the education system to adapt as quickly as possible to the new digital reality in terms of increasing the training of demanded IT specialists, the separation from the needs of real practice leads to a deceleration in the processes of information transformation and objectively casts doubt on the achievement of Russia’s digital maturity in the medium term.

Annotation: The article presents an overview of the methods for the development of eastern systems of psychophysical train- ing, described in the research of N.V. Abayev. The subject of the study is the forming of competence in health prevention issues based on Eastern systems of psychophysical training. The work highlights the importance of Chan/Zen Buddhism, which is embedded in this system, calling for mental well-being, flexibility of thinking, improvement of memory, attention, forming physical intelligence. The author comes to the conclusion that the system of psychophysical training, that is, the development of mental and physical abilities of a person with the help of special exercises, can be used in the field of education as a mechanism that promotes the development of intellectual, personal, creative potential of students. The article uses the historical and philosophical method of scientific literature analyzis on the proposed research topic and the method of synthesis as a combination of the considered material in a new quality. Hermeneutical and dialectical research methods were also used in the work.

Annotation: The use of digital tools, as practice shows, brings significant diversity to teaching methods and can significantly increase students’ interest in all types of classes. Nevertheless, expectations of the adverse effects of digitaliza- tion of education have been formed in the teaching environment. The article reveals the advantages and risks associated with the digital transformation of the educational environment. The most important are cognitive and ethical risks, as well as risks associated with competition from educational platforms with online courses. The authors differentiate the risks of students, teachers and universities as the main subjects of educational activity. Such important social problems in the development of education as social inequality and the “digital divide”, the “manageralization” of the university structure to the detriment of creative self-organization, and the strengthening of ethical issues of compliance with standards of academic integrity in education are highlighted. The article formulates some proposals to neutralize risks, including the need to develop digital didactics, update the qualification requirements for a higher school teacher, and develop an information culture among students. The implementation of these proposals can be useful for improving the effectiveness of educational activities in the digital environment.

Annotation: When measuring the metre of a poetic work in verse, feet are usually taken as a basis, which consist of stressed and unstressed syllables. At the same time, it is necessary to determine the size of the foot in advance. With further measurements, it may also turn out that in some lines of the poem the sequence of stressed and unstressed sylla- bles differs from the first line. That is, some positions of syllables in the poem cannot be unambiguously attributed to either stressed or unstressed ones. Such a discrepancy can greatly confuse the student. To solve this problem, it is proposed to take into account not two variants of syllables, but three: unstressed, incompletely stressed and stressed syllables. The metre of the poem is proposed to be written not in words, but in numbers indicating the type of syllables. With this approach, there is no need to determine the length of the foot in advance, and it is also not difficult to determine the metre of poems in which not all lines have the same sequence of stressed and unstressed syllables. In order to automate the measurement of metre, as well as for use as an electronic educational resource in literature lessons, the intellectual information system “Fet.Online” is created, which allows us not only to deter- mine the poetic size, but also to visualize the structure of the poem, as well as to form its textual description. The system also has a database of poems from the school literature course, which students can use for individual work.

Annotation: The features of solving inverse problems within the framework of the educational technology of parallel interdis- ciplinary integration of chemistry and computer science are presented: discussion of the meaningful formulation and transition to a mathematical problem at chemistry seminars, implementation of the solution in a software environment in computer classes and subsequent analysis of the obtained results at chemistry seminars. The emphasis on solving chemical problems familiar to students using various software tools is justified. Special at- tention is paid to software tools for solving equations and systems of equations. The main thematic blocks related to solving inverse problems are described: problems for mixing solutions (fractional linear equations), problems for the interaction of a mixture of metals with oxidizing acids (systems of linear equations), problems for chemical equilibrium (nonlinear equations-polynomials). The sequence of blocks is determined by the complexity of both chemical tasks and software tools for their solution. The results of the application of the developed educational technology are presented at the Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies of the Russian Technological University, which indicates its effectiveness.

Annotation: The article describes the use of corpora as promising translation methods in the context of foreign language education. Corpus-driven approaches is known to have become popular in lexicography following digital tech- nological advances. This method have made it possible for computer programs to process vast amounts of data very rapidly. The purpose of the study: to identify the main role of corpora in teaching a foreign language. The following research methods are: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic, interpretation, systematization, structuring. The following results are obtained: currently the problem of corpus approach use as digital means to solve foreign language education issues are relevant due to Foreign language study enhances human’s opportunities in technologies. It is necessary to create a link between the digital society and humanitar- ian education, that is, digital culture. The use of corpus technologies can provide significant assistance in the professional activities of a foreign language teacher. The corpus approach is an important tool in organizing the learning process, finding the necessary content of educational tools, and its application can ensure the quality of teaching a foreign language. In conclusion it is noted that expanding the corpus capacity to translate texts contributes to the diversification of learning processes through digital technologies.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of the category “social system of scientific pedagogical knowledge production” as a product of specialized scientific work. The factors influencing the forming and development of pedagogical science in the conditions of a new normality are highlighted, which are characterized by the rapid emergence of new phenomena and systemic changes that differ sharply from the previous ones. A systematics of trends in the field of pedagogical education reforms is given. The basic principles of the transformation of pedagogical science in the period of the forming of a new reality caused by the instability of the social situa- tion are formulated. The scientific and methodological concept of the development of pedagogical science as a social institution for the production of scientific pedagogical knowledge, an adaptive transition to a qualitatively new state of educational systems through an adequate response to changes in the external environment in the conditions of a new normality is proposed. Through a survey of participants in the network collaboration of the Ural Federal District, the most important problems in the reform of teacher education are highlighted. The results of the study provide grounds for a better understanding of the process of transformation of pedagogical science in the context of a new normality, clarifying the results of the changes being made and can be used to justify management decisions.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the principles of practical training in professional tourism education. The presented results of the methodological research are an overview of the experience obtained as a result of practi- cal pedagogical activity in the system of tourist education in the context of a competence-based approach. The local elements of novelty in the work are contained in an attempt to summarize the empirical and pedagogical experience of approbation of the principles of practical training of students in professional competencies: the axiological principle; the recreational principle; the principle of individualization; the principle of integrity; the principle of communication; dialectical principle; the principle of continuity; structural and substantive princi- ple; the principle of hierarchy; the principle of market orientation of practical training. The authors conclude that professional tourism education in higher school should be based on a system of links between the main components of the content, the organization of various forms, principles and methods of teaching, which are implemented and assimilated in the course of practical activities of students.

Annotation: The article reveals the conceptual, methodological and methodical foundations of foresight as an educational technology. The purpose, objectives and principles of implementing humanitarian foresight in the educational process of a technical university are determined; an algorithm is developed, including pre-foresight, foresight session and reflection. The results of approbation of this technology on the basis of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University as part of teaching cultural studies to future engineers are presented. The scenario method was chosen as a method for conducting a foresight session, which involves the development, representation and assessment of polar – optimistic and pessimistic – options for the future of technogenic culture. The importance of foresight as an educational technology that promotes the formation of future-oriented thinking, a culture of participation, creative orientation and the ethos of future engineers is substantiated. In addition, the risks arising in the process of testing humanitarian foresight in the educational process of a technical university are identified.

Annotation: With the development of information technology and the growing interest in artificial intelligence (AI), the issue of its application in education arises. In the conditions of a new digital civilization, it is necessary to learn how to manage information chaos and extract benefits only from interaction with artificial intelligence. Information and digital literacy is becoming the modern basis of educational communication, which radically changes the quality and content of learning at all levels of education. In the context of global digitalization of the world, the scientific paradigm as a whole is changing, in particular, the paradigm of education is changing. The prospects of the emergence of a fundamentally new system of educational relations in the context of the use of AI and ma- chine learning are considered. Adaptive AI-based learning systems offer new opportunities to enrich the learn- ing environment and improve teaching effectiveness. The article substantiates general approaches to learning with the support of AI, which will facilitate flexible adaptation to the needs of production and the labor market, allowing for regular analysis of the results of continuous learning. Automatic daily updating of the strengths and weaknesses of learning outcomes, possible cooperation, as well as collective decision-making will make it possible to prolong the educational trajectory of students using AI tools.

Annotation: The article analyzes the current problems of the theory and practice of patriotic education of university students. The interrelation of the scientific understanding of patriotic education of university students with the require- ments of regulatory legal documents, the practice of its organization in universities is revealed. The issues of the development of historical consciousness, the forming of the all-Russian civil identity, military-patriotic educa- tion of university students are being updated. The development of personal patriotism of students in universities within the framework of the universal competence “systemic and critical thinking” is substantiated. The author substantiates such ways to increase the effectiveness of patriotic education of university students as: qualitative updating of the content and methods of teaching academic disciplines in universities, especially humanities and socio-economic disciplines in terms of patriotic education; the development of students personal patriotically driven activity in socially significant matters in academic and extracurricular work with them, etc. The thesis about the need for problematic differentiation of scientific knowledge on scientific and pedagogical issues of patriotic education of students in the higher education system is proposed.

Annotation: The object of research is students’ digital information culture development, and the subject is the pedagogi- cal conditions of its efficiency. The main purpose of the work, namely, the disclosure of these conditions and the mechanisms of their influence on the information development of personality in the digital age, is achieved by solving the following tasks: 1) substantiation of the importance of pedagogical conditions as factors and at the same time a component of the process under consideration; 2) analysis of interpreta- tions and understandings of the category “pedagogical conditions” in modern scientific and pedagogical discourse; 3) grouping of pedagogical conditions, taking into account the specifics of the educational activity under consideration; 4) disclosure and substantiation of the mechanism of influence of the studied conditions as a factor in the development of students’ personality. Special emphasis is made on the content and intellectual conditionality of information activities. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the conditions under consideration are of informative, organizational, methodological, and socio- personal nature, which correlates with the understanding of digital information culture as an integrative quality. The novelty of the work consists in the disclosure of pedagogical conditions at the level of very specific empirical situations, taking into account the specifics of the educational activities of students of the digital age.

Annotation: The article describes the development of digital information culture as a pedagogical process at the level of principles is considered as an object of the study. The purpose of the study is to review the relevant principles with a meaningful justification of their applicability, taking into account the specifics of information activities. The main objectives of the study are the differentiation of didactic and educational principles, as well as general and particular principles, with the identification of their interrelation on this basis. The relevance of the work is due to an increase in the share of information activity in the context of digitalization, and the novelty is the filling of the gap in the study of digital issues at a purely theoretical level using an analytical approach as opposed to the traditionally accepted ostensive one, which is specific for the practical works of a methodological nature. As a result of the research, the author concludes about the merging of the didactic and educational planes in the prism of information culture at the level of principles as pedagogical units of a high order, as well as about the validity of particular principles originating from the general provisions of theoretical pedagogy with a meaning- ful clarification towards the specifics of digital information activity.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the specifics of using dialogue as a form of teaching a foreign language to students of technical universities. The relevance of the article is determined by the urgent need to develop effective approaches to teaching a foreign language to students of technical specialties in order to develop students’ competence in written and oral communication in a foreign language in the professional field. Currently, the level of “read- ing and translating with a dictionary” can no longer be considered an independent didactic task, which has traditionally been central in the training of engineers, taking into account the saturation of technical texts with professional terminology, which dictates the development of not only new approaches, but also didactic values. The scientific significance of the work lies in the justification of the need to actively include dialog forms in the training of engineers based on the analysis and generalization of pedagogical experience, both local author’s and presented in a number of reviewed scientific publications. As an advantage of using dialogue techniques in language teaching, the subjectivity of teaching a student a foreign language is put forward as opposed to its objectivity as it is in other approaches, when the student remains a passive recipient of information received in a ready-made form. The understanding of the use of dialogue as a method of teaching a foreign language is car- ried out in relation to the specific features of the areas of training, which determines the practical significance of the study, which consists in the possibility of applying the presented task in the practice of teaching a foreign language.

Annotation: The article examines the ecolinguistic aspect of foreign language teaching process to students of different cat- egories. The purpose of this article is to define and describe linguoecological risks in the paradigm of language education. The characteristics of such linguoecological risks as language modification, language nihilism, loss of the national language originality are presented, and the negative consequences that may result from ignoring them in foreign language teaching process are also presented. The authors emphasize that in the context of glo- balization and the English language dominance, the problem of preserving linguistic identity becomes especially significant. The linguoecological risks which arise in teaching foreign language process are a topical issue in modern language education and require a comprehensive approach to be studied taking into account cultural and sociolinguistic factors. The article attempts to clarify the concept of “linguoecological risk”, and also presents an interpretation of linguoecological risks in linguodidactic coordinates and provides specific examples of their functioning in the educational process. This study emphasizes the importance of studying linguoecological risks as a priority task for teachers and government agencies involved in language policy. It will help to preserve the national language and ensure harmonious coexistence of different cultures in the context of globalization.

Annotation: The study of issues of theoretical perception of ethnocultural identity problems contributes to the effective solution of harmonious intercultural interaction formation in a multiethnic society. The article examines the socio-psychological aspects of young people’s ethnocultural identity development from the perspective of M. Sherif and D. Campbell’s research, representatives of the behaviorist direction. The applied study concept provides focusing on behavioral models of human life, since ethnocultural identity is realized in social actions. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion is formulated that the use of technological techniques implemented in the educational process and cultural and leisure activities aimed at maintaining the culture and traditions of an ethnic group makes it possible to update such areas of young people’s mental life as cognitive, affective and behavioral. These areas activation is fundamental for young people’s ethnocultural identity formation. The studied views and assessments of ethnocultural identity are qualified on their qualitative reasons by means of the conceptual analysis method. Based on the synthesis of the considered particular concepts, elements of the general concept of building harmonious intercultural interaction in a multi-ethnic society are highlighted.

Annotation: The article considers the application of telegram channel as a didactic means of digitalizing learning, which is dictated by the increasing role of mobile applications in society and the opportunities they can provide – interactivity, accessibility, speed of information ex-change, and receiving feedback. The meth- odology of this study is based on the concept of person-alized learning and some elements of the digital transformation strategy of education. The differ-entiation method as a tool for identifying the didactic and educational essence in the digital ser-vices used, a survey, and a pedagogical experiment were used as investigation methods. During the study the possibilities of using online services for educational purposes were analyzed. A ho-listic didactic solution for using the telegram channel for teaching biology at school has been de-veloped. Possible prospects of its use are shown, including at an in-depth level, and a set of func-tional tools is justified. An example of a learning channel for studying biology in the 9th grade is demonstrated, the author’s experience of using the service is summarized, confirming the im-provement of the accessibility and personalization of learning. The prospects for further develop-ment of educational technology using the telegram channel are proposed. The practical applica-bility of the research results is ensured by the possibility of replicating positive experience: for example, the creation of personal teacher channels based on the proposed approaches.

Annotation: The subject of the study is the possibilities of the discipline “Psychology and Pedagogy” in the forming of uni- versal competencies among cadets of military universities. The aim of the research is to ask what content and results of the study of the discipline will meet the requirements of regulatory legal documents, the realization by cadets of their internal potential and the formation of general psychological and pedagogical competence. The research uses methods of pedagogical design, forecasting and programming of the discipline’s educational material. The research methodology is based on competence-based and personal-activity approaches. The article actualizes as the main idea and main conclusion the importance of mastering discipline in the holistic personal and professional development of a cadet as a future officer. It is proved that the content of the discipline develops such universal competencies as “Systemic and critical thinking”, “Teamwork and leadership”, “Self-organization and self-development”, “Inclusive competence”. Unlike other articles that are similar in subject, an integrated and holistic approach to the forming of universal competencies among students in higher education in the dis- cipline “Psychology and Pedagogy” is recommended. The author’s recommendations on the results of training in the development of universal competencies by cadets are proposed, the pedagogical conditions for effective programming of the study of the discipline “Psychology and Pedagogy” are substantiated. The scope of the article is not limited to military universities, it is of interest to the organizers of psychological and pedagogical education in higher and secondary vocational education.

Annotation: The rapidly changing world directly affects the educational sphere. The university teaching staff constantly has to solve new psychological, pedagogical and methodological issues. Undoubtedly, teaching approaches must take into account the needs of modern students and adapt to the specificities of socio-economic and political reality. Presently, from the point of view of teaching methods, the pronunciation of native English speakers is no longer perceived as an absolute norm and a standard to follow. When teaching English as a language of international communication (lingua franca), the goal of developing phonetic skills is to achieve intelligibility of speech in professional communication and the ability to understand a wide range of accents. As practice shows, working on improving pronunciation skills of university students has a number of issues. Students should not feel uncomfort- able during pronunciation training. Today, personalization of the learning process is becoming a current trend in higher education. The article proposes the authors’ model of teaching pronunciation based on P2P method and development of an individual trajectory. The practical significance of the study is observed in the critical analysis of the experimental training conducted, and in the possibility of using the described technique when teaching a foreign language at a university.

Annotation: The article explores the topic of formal description and normalization of the generally accepted concept of “address” in the database. The relevance of the work is due to the high degree of variability of addresses and the need to create a significant number of grammatical rules for their formal description and normalization. The article proposes an approach to summarize the rules of this description. The criterion of sets equivalence of generated address strings is formulated. A system of formal grammar rules has been developed that converts a set of address details values into a string form. The address bar is considered as a linguistic variable, the source of which is the required address, transformed according to the rules of the generative grammar. In turn, each request address is considered as the result of converting the corresponding address bar using the rules of the recognizing grammar. Using the method of logical categorization of the conversion process of a specific address, an address tree has been built, the paths of which determine the structure of each address bar. A theoretical model is proposed for the automatic conversion of a mandatory normalized address into a string form. The results obtained can be useful for designers of information systems containing address description data or interacting with them.

Annotation: The article describes the problem of preparing future teachers of the Russian language for the organization of educational and research activities of schoolchildren. The object of the study is the process of preparing stu- dents of a pedagogical university for future professional activity. The subject of the study is the preparation of students of philology to implementation of the guidelines the educational and research activities of schoolchil- dren. An empirical study was conducted based on a survey of students of the Philological Faculty of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. In addition to the expected areas of interest for university students in terms of conducting research, the survey made it possible to identify areas fr om other fields of knowledge. The results of the survey and the general experience of teachers in philology have allowed us to expand the methodologi- cal recommendations for organizing and conducting educational research for students of philology, as well as to clarify the tasks for preparing them for implementing the guidelines for schoolchildren’s research activities. The article also provides methodological techniques of work implemented in the practice of teaching a separate discipline on the basics of organizing research activities. The development of methodological approaches to the forming of research skills among future teachers of Russian language and literature can contribute to improving the effectiveness of the organization of educational research in a school environment, wh ere the teacher will act as a supervisor directing the research activity of schoolchildren.

Annotation: The aim of the research is to determine the specifics and pathways of developing national identity of future foreign language teachers in the context of a multicultural environment at a language university, considering the modernization of higher education within the framework of the 3++ standard in the field of “Philology’’. The research is based on the postulate that the study of a foreign language can influence the development of national identity at the individual level, as in some cases it can form a competing national identity and lead to an imbalance in value hierarchy. The authors propose a system for developing national identity in students at a language university within the context of foreign language education and intercultural approach. This system encompasses the following elements: 1) a rational understanding of cultural material and critical thinking, 2) the forming of a sense of involvement in regional and local community issues, 3) the creation of patterns of civic behavior and intercultural communication. The necessity of mobilizing the cultural and linguistic experience of students is emphasized to prepare them for dialogue with representatives of equal cultures and to prevent intercultural conflicts.

Annotation: The study is devoted to the analysis of the deficits of students of a pedagogical university in preparation for volunteering at school. The study of the causes and factors that reduce the success of educational activities in the field of volunteering by future teachers in their interaction with schoolchildren is conducted. As a result of interviewing and surveying students of pedagogical specialties, deficiencies were identified in the field of personal motivation of students for volunteer activities and organizing it at school, which can negatively affect their further practical work in this aspect in the future. Promising areas for overcoming the identified difficul- ties in the field of training students of a pedagogical university are identified. These include the development and implementation of a special educational course in the system of professional training of future teachers to develop the skills of students to organize volunteer activities at school, the inclusion of methods of motivating volunteering in the program of this course.

Annotation: The article explores implicit knowledge in information retrieval. There is a tendency to increase the volume of information, including in information networks. This trend motivates research in the field of information retrieval. An increase in the volume of information leads to an increase in hidden knowledge and information uncertainty. The taxonomy of the reasons for the inadequacy of the search in the information network is given. These reasons are divided into objective and cognitive. The difference between morphological and semantic search is shown. A set-theoretic model for describing the search for information and its results is proposed. Three main types of information retrieval are described. The difference between the search for information and the search for knowledge is shown. The qualitative difference between ontological and traditional information search is shown. The reasons for the appearance of implicit knowledge in practical activities and scientific research are shown. A formal description of the ontological search, including a component of implicit knowledge, is given. The criteria for the presence of implicit knowledge, which can be obtained through an ontological search, are shown. The results of this study contribute to the development of information retrieval methods, ontological search and the identification of implicit knowledge.

Annotation: The article reveals the importance of applying the approach of career-guidance tours in training specialists in the direction of “Technosphere Safety”. Professions in this area are associated with emergency situations and require the acquisition of special competencies. The article considers the principles of creation and functioning of professionally oriented volunteer organizations, on the basis of which career-guidance tours are carried out for students and advanced acquaintance with the practical side of the chosen specialty is realized. The important role of integrating informal activities of students into the educational program in the direction of training is noted. An empirical study was conducted based on a survey among students. The method of comparative analysis of the obtained empirical data was used as a diagnostic tool. A comparative assessment of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of employment of university graduates was made. High efficiency of applying the approach of career-guidance tours in training specialists in technosphere safety is noted. The results obtained can be implemented in the development of educational technologies, pedagogical methods and teaching methods at all levels of professional education.

Annotation: The article explores the category of “correspondence” in the field of information field and information modeling. The category of “correspondence” has a multifaceted nature of existence in terms of form, content, and relation- ships between objects. Correspondence can be a function, an image, a computational or logical operation, a way of transmitting information units, etc. Correspondence can be considered as a relationship, as a property between two entities, as a result of comparing information objects, as an assessment of the results of an infor- mation search. Correspondence can be procedural, semantic, morphological, structural, etc. Different types of correspondence determine the relevance of its research. The article presents a systematics of correspondences according to formal and applied features. The content of the correspondences of formal and applied meaning is revealed. Generalized properties of the category “correspondence” and its complement “nonconformity” are presented in terms of set theory and mathematical logic. The difference between full and partial correspondence is shown. It is shown that an important category of correspondence is ontological correspondence, which al- lows the formation of knowledge, and information correspondence, which is a composite correspondence in the information field. The developed foundations of the theory of correspondence between information objects are aimed at expanding and clarifying the formalized procedures of information retrieval and information modeling, and identifying implicit knowledge.

Annotation: The article describes and suggests a mechanism for upgrading complex systems based on regeneration technology. A new concept of “component complex system” is introduced in order to highlight the high level of complexity of systems and the use of special update technologies. The article provides a systematics of component complex systems. The difference between independent component renewal and regeneration of component complex systems is shown. The conditions for the expedient application of the regeneration mechanism for component complex systems are described. When regenerating a complex system, the main criterion is the criterion of the quality of its functioning. The standards GOST R ISO/IEC 25010-2015 and ISO/IEC 25010:2011 were chosen as the basis for compliance with this criterion. These standards are based on the model of a component trinitarian system. The article provides a formal description of the information component of a complex system and a description of the procedure for its regeneration. For comparison, a formal description of the additive system is given. The research results provide an alternative to reengineering technologies. They can find application in the moderni- zation of information systems and information services, implemented on the basis of modern methods and tools.

Annotation: The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the general university philosophy course has a huge ideological potential, which, according to pedagogical experience, which is hardly used in modern educational technolo- gies. The object of the research is the didactic features of the students’ study of the «basic issue of philosophy». The subject of the study is the presentation of Pascal’s wager to students as the basis for a person’s ideological choice. The aim of the work is to substantiate the metaphysical asymmetry of this choice. The research methods are intellectual experiment, comparative analysis, inference by analogy and empirical generalization. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the assertion of the priority of a person’s religious choice against his secular orientation. The field of application of the research results is multidimensional educational interactions and didactic strategies in both secondary and higher education. The second part of the article examines the di- dactic and ideological aspects of the study of the famous Pascal’s wager by the students in the course of general philosophy. Pascal’s wager is an almost mathematically accurate answer to the question of which life navigation system is better for a person to choose: the one, which is oriented towards materialism and atheism or the one, which is oriented towards philosophical idealism and theism.

Annotation: Traditional models of the recurrent neural network (RNN), such as LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit), have long been used for time series analysis, but have limitations in learning on long sequences and high computational requirements. Recent advances in time series forecasting have shown a de- crease in their importance. In this article, a new RNN architecture with linear temporal complexity and lower memory consumption is proposed. During the study, the proposed RNN model was tested and its performance was evaluated for various temporal series analysis tasks. The presented results of the experiment show that the proposed model is superior to modern alternatives. The competitiveness of the model was confirmed by comparison with advanced models such as PatchTST and TimesNet. In addition, the proposed model surpassed the perfor- mance of models based on multilayer perceptrons (MLP) and proved to be more effective than models based on transformers. The proposed RNN architecture may become a promising direction for future research in this field.

Annotation: The purpose of the work is to analyze the evolution of pedagogical ideas of the personality’s information culture concept from information vacuum to the information as an element. The article uses vector analysis that covers both trends in scientific research and socio-informational factors that determine them. In addition, the method of abstraction that allows us to identify the pedagogical essence of the general scientific phenomenon and the method of synthesis as well are used in the work. The latter allows us to identify significant stages in the evolu- tion of understanding information culture as a pedagogically formed quality. Despite the abundance of scientific material dedicated to information culture there is no widespread use of a historical and pedagogical approach to its analysis probably due to the a priori perception of information technology as a contemporary phenom- enon. These considerations determine the relevance and methodological novelty of the work. The author comes to the conclusion that the stages of information culture as pedagogical concept do not completely coincide with the stages of the traditional idea of the four information revolutions, although they correlate with them as for pedagogical knowledge not only the formal availability of a particular technology is important but its mass use on a social level as well.

Annotation: A technique for representing and calculating the orientation of the heliostatic mirror based on vector representations of the directions to the sun and the mirror related to a fixed observation point is presented. Vector representation of directions to the sun and the heliostatic mirror allows us to obtain a description of the mirror orientation that is quite clear and simple in algorithmic implementation of calculations. Operations with vectors are significantly simplified when using a projection in Cartesian coordinates. In addition to expressions for vector transformations of directions, a summary of formulae is given for calculating the position of the sun in a local coordinate system depending on geographic coordinates, date and time. The obtained relationships can be implemented in an algo- rithm for controlling the heliostatic mirror mechanism according to a given time schedule using two independent drives: azimuth and elevation. The developed method for calculating the orientation of the heliostatic mirror based on vector representations can be used in practical problems of monitoring the characteristics of solar radiation.

Annotation: Universities play a crucial role in training young professionals, ensuring their understanding of the goals of sustainable development, such as developing strategic partnerships, respecting and supporting human rights, efficient use of resources, and environmental protection. This list of qualities is formed through the educational process, which shapes the worldview of students. The article provides a brief review of initiatives and best practices in the field of training highly qualified specialists who can make a significant contribution to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The key directions for the development of education, scientific and upbring- ing activities of universities in the interests of sustainable development are identified. The concept of a holistic system for training specialists capable of promoting sustainable development goals is proposed. The empirical basis of the study is the reports and materials of the international conference “The Role of Universities in the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals”, held in May 2024 at the Belgorod University of Coop- eration, Economics and Law.

Annotation: The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that the content of the university academic discipline “Phi- losophy” provides rich opportunities for the realization of not only educational and developmental, but also educational goals of teaching and shaping the worldview of young people, focused not so much on a positivist understanding of knowledge of the world, man, society and history, as on the formulation and search for answers to metaphysical questions. The object of the study is the didactic features of the investigation of problems of con- frontation and polemics of two ideological systems of human life navigation, which represent opposite solutions to the “main issue of philosophy”. The subject of the study is the didactic specifics of students’ acquaintance with the famous Pascal’s wager in the context of ideological searches for personality. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the presentation of Pascal’s wager not as one of the many elements of the history of philosophy covered with the “dust of centuries”, interesting to the present person only as a “monument of antiquity” and therefore completely uninteresting to modern students, but, on the contrary, as always, the actual basis of ideo- logical personal choice. The research methods are abstraction, idealization, thought experiment, comparative analysis, deductively and inductively organized conclusions, conclusions by analogy and empirical generalization. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the position according to which the content of Pascal’s wager provides in fact a unique didactic opportunity to demonstrate and substantiate the metaphysical asymmetry of the worldview choice between the materialistic, atheistic, evolutionist, scientific and anthropovolutaristic ideological pole of life navigation, on the one hand, and the idealistic, theistic, creationist, anti-scientific and providentialist pole, on the other one. The field of application of the research results is the ideological search for personal- ity, multifaceted educational interactions and didactic strategies in both secondary and higher education. The first part of the article describes the didactic and ideological aspects of students studying the confrontation of materialism and atheism in the general course of philosophy, on the one hand, and philosophical idealism and theism, on the other hand, as two worldview teachings and systems of human life navigation, conditioned by various solutions to the “basic issue of philosophy”.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of the socio-psychological characteristics of the phenomenon of procrastination in the student environment. The socio-cultural and psychological causes of the emergence and spread of academic procrastination among students are analyzed, as well as the relationship of procrastination with the motivational sphere of students, which, first of all, manifests itself in the delay in performing necessary educational activities. The study focuses not only on the cognitive components of procrastination, but also on the emotional and behavioral ones. Special attention is paid to the consideration of such a reason for academic procrastination as perfectionism, which manifests itself when a student does not accept the imperfect result of his academic work and continues to refine the smallest details, postponing deadlines. Scientific approaches are considered in which procrastination is interpreted as one of the forms of coping behavior (coping), which is a special mechanism for adapting a person to various life situations and overcoming psychological stress. The results obtained in the course of an empirical study conducted among students of the Faculty of Management of the Witte Moscow University are presented.

Annotation: The problem of involving teachers of secondary schools in scientific activities in a rapidly changing educational environment is becoming increasingly relevant. The article is devoted to the study of the involvement of teachers in scientific activity in the context of the introduction of a national cluster model of interaction in the scientific field of a pedagogical university and the Institute for the development of education (in the period from 2022 to 2023). As part of the study, a survey of teachers of secondary schools at different stages of the implementation of the model was conducted. The study involved 962 teachers of the Khabarovsk Krai for the period 2022–2023. Based on the results of the survey, the trends of teachers’ involvement in scientific activity were determined in terms of the forms and role of participation. The difficulties encountered by teachers in organizing and performing scientific research in the context of the introduction of the national cluster model are identified and typified. The results of the study reflect the changes in the scientific activity of teachers in the conditions of the forming of interaction between the pedagogical university and the Institute of educational development. The results obtained can be useful in developing plans for scientific (scientific and methodological) cooperation of organizations.

Annotation: The article discusses the features of the influence of information technologies on the education system based on research and legislative acts. The purpose of the study is to find out the reasons for the transformation of the form of education and to determine the main trends that set the vector for its further development. The analysis of statistics is carried out on the basis of studies of state universities, domestic and foreign scientific works. The scientific and practical significance of the results obtained lies in rethinking the process of modernizing the education system as a necessary response to the reality of the post-industrial world. Identification of the problems of digitalization, which makes it possible to identify directions for the development of the educational sphere in the near future, determines the practical usefulness of the study. The application of its results is possible in the field of creating and improving new platforms, systems for distance learning, taking into account the existing difficulties that affect the effectiveness of the education received.

Annotation: The article analyzes the ambiguities in the foundations of modern logic due to the fact that the relations of set theory are used to substantiate the correct modes of categorical syllogism and the interpretation of predicate calculus, while set theory itself is defined in the axiomatic approach as a theory formed on the basis of axioms and rules for deducing predicate calculus by adding illogical (proper) axioms. It is proposed to apply elementary laws of the algebra of sets, which can be justified without axioms, based on the analysis of polysyllogistics-type reasoning. The analysis of the syllogism modes recommended for use is performed using simple and understandable properties of the relation of inclusion of sets. This analysis shows that the rules of syllogistics set forth in logic textbooks contain two types of logical errors: 1) some syllogism modes, which are considered correct in many textbooks, contradict some acceptable versions of their interpretation; 2) there are correct arguments with two premises, which in some textbooks are evaluated as incorrect modes. It follows from this that the cause of errors in logic textbooks are incorrectness in the justification of logic.

Annotation: The article describes the phenomenon of excessive information consumption, which is increasingly mentioned both in corporeal and social discourse. On the background of evident “digital saturation”, a hypothesis of probable decreasing interest in the internet as daily information space in the nearest future is proposed. In order to justify this hypothesis, the reasons for internet gaining popularity are analyzed beyond evident technological context. As a result, it was stated that there is an overdue internet crisis coming from technological forms of information exchange getting a huge handicap of digital information content quality. The research draws parallels with television as the main predigital information space that gained and lost its popularity in the previous century for similar reasons. It is concluded that reducing the mass consumption of digital information and reducing the popularity of digital resources can have such positive effects as improving their quality and rationalizing the information behavior of users.

Annotation: The article studies foreign and domestic experience in the creation of scientific and educational exploratoriums, laboratories, centers, museum spaces and complexes designed for the study of natural sciences. The necessity of including innovative scientific exploratoriums in the educational environment for the preparation of students of secondary vocational education is proved. It is concluded that there is a growing interest in the use of interactive formats in the educational process, implemented by businesses in the exploratorium museums created by them. On the basis of an analysis of the exploratorium museums operating in the country, which popularize scientific knowledge and develop the deductive abilities of students, it is proposed to create such multimedia spaces for the study of humanitarian disciplines. On the example of the literary and diplomatic exploratorium project implemented by the A.S. Griboyedov Cultural Heritage Foundation, the author shares the experience of a three-module program for the development of creative literary talents, provides recommendations for the phased implementation of such projects. The study analyzes the constraining factors that have a negative impact on the quality of the provision of additional educational services in the system of innovative research spaces with teaching functions.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the development of emotional intelligence of students as an important component of vocational education. Emotional stability, self-regulation, the ability to understand others, and empathy become important not only for personal growth, building interpersonal relationships, but also for solving professional tasks and professional self-development. An empirical study was conducted based on a survey of students enrolled in secondary vocational education programs from various educational organizations and groups. N. Hall’s methodology (Hall Emotional Intel- ligence Test) is used as a diagnostic tool for determining the level of emotional intelligence. The method of comparative analysis of the obtained empirical data was also used. The assessment of students’ emotional intelligence was carried out according to five components of EQ: emotional awareness; management of their emotions; self-motivation; empa- thy; recognition of other people’s emotions. According to the results of the study, factors affecting both the overall level of emotional intelligence and the development of its individual components in different groups of students have been identified. The results obtained can be used in the development of educational technologies, pedagogical methods and techniques for the development of emotional intelligence of students of secondary and higher professional education.

Annotation: The article emphasizes the importance of specialized training for IT-profile students in the context of digital transformation, considering their future role in technology development for the digital economy. Analysis of current research and labor market requirements in the IT industry leads to the conclusion that identifying key pedagogical conditions is necessary to foster the forming of professional interest, which serves as a strong motivational factor, stimulating the learning process and shaping educational and career trajectories. Special attention is given to defining the concept of “pedagogical conditions for the forming of professional interest among future IT specialists.” A complex of pedagogical conditions is presented, designed with consideration for the cognitive and professional activities of IT-profile students. The need for practical-oriented improvement of the content of specialized disciplines, organizing project-based independent work for future IT specialists, and developing assignments based on immersive technologies is highlighted. The article presents empirical data that prove the positive influence of the proposed conditions on the development of each component of the professional interest of future IT specialists, which will enhance their training in accordance with the labor market requirements.

Annotation: The article substantiates the significant possibilities of applying the pedagogical ideas of A.S. Makarenko about the educational systems of children’s and youth boarding institutions to the forming of educational systems of military universities and military units due the general characteristics of the secrecy of these systems, the sociopedagogical processes occurring in them. The most popular in military pedagogy may be the pedagogical ideas of A.S. Makarenko: about socially significant goals in the activities of the organization, its collective, capable of creating value-oriented unity of all its members on this basis; about the obligatoriness to form a cohesive team in a children’s and youth organization; about the unification and interweaving of the goals of the unit’s collective and the goals of each of its members by applying the method of collective and individual perspective lines; about a full-fledged life of the team with the solution of a large number of tasks, the constant holding of events that make up all the diversity of his life; about the humanistic approach to interaction with children based on respect for the child’s personality, faith in his personal capabilities; about the accumulation and development of positive intra-collective traditions; about the inadmissibility of the absolutization of educational methods and techniques, dialectical approach to their application.

Annotation: Currently, China is one of the flagships of e-education, which arouses special research interest in the process of forming digital educational resources. The article analyzes and summarizes the experience of using digital educational resources using the example of higher educational institutions in China. Based on the methods of studying available scientific sources in Russian and foreign languages, systematization and analysis of official documents and media materials, the stages of digitalization of the education system and the development of the digital educational environment are highlighted. Using the example of national projects in China, it is shown that digitalization of education contributes to the implementation of innovative educational solutions, as well as its positive impact on the development of the national higher education system. A brief description of the most popular digital platforms used in higher education institutions in China is provided. The results of the analysis of China’s positive experience in the field of digitalization of education can contribute to an effective search for ways to solve systemic problems of e-learning in other countries.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the urgent interdisciplinary problem of finding productive forms of using IT tools in teaching philological disciplines. In the context of language education, the use of IT tools has become especially important because of their potential to improve the quality of learning, the ability to communicate in different formats and provide access to authentic language resources. In addition, the study of the Russian language has become increasingly important in recent years due to the growing economic and political ties between Russia and other countries. As a result, there is a growing demand for language training and the need to find innovative ways and productive forms of using IT tools in teaching humanities, including the Russian language and speech culture. The article examines this need by studying the potential advantages and problems of using IT tools in the classroom in the context of the Russian language. The results of the study are aimed at solving the problem of adapting the use of IT tools to specific needs and specificities in learning Russian as a foreign language.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the forming of a pedagogical methodology for solving the problem of a methodically sound choice of digital educational resources and their effective use in the educational process. It is proposed to create a methodology based on the author’s digital lesson constructor, the structural model of which is based on Bloom’s taxonomy and Allan Carrington’s results planning and learning process model adapted to the conditions of the Russian digital environment. The experience of systematizing information resources based on the author’s digital lesson constructor and demonstrating the application of the methodology on the example of creating a visualization of an educational purpose using the infographic technique are presented. A survey of teachers of the Udmurt Republic in various subject areas is being conducted to assess the direct use of digital resources. By sectors of the digital lesson constructor, an example of a comparative analysis of digital tools for creating educational visualization using the infographic technique is demonstrated. As an empirical material, the results of the implementation of an innovative project – the Republican Innovation Platform based on the SBEI UR “Lyceum No. 41” in Izhevsk, headed by the author of the article, were used. The proposed methodological solution to the processes of systematization, selection and application of digital educational resources can be used by teachers to create educational technologies for different types of classes.

Annotation: The article is devoted to relevant issues of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process. Presently, the technologies underlying artificial intelligence are beginning to play an increasingly prominent role in the developing process of digital transformation of education. The use of artificial intelligence technologies leads to an unprecedented expansion of educational opportunities, including intelligent learning systems and chatbots, automatic assessment mechanisms, customizable educational materials, analytical educational technologies, consulting systems, in-game and virtual reality learning technologies. The purpose of this article is to identify the areas of artificial intelligence use in the educational process, advantages, mechanisms and risks arising from the introduction of artificial intelligence in education. The authors conclude about the natural development of the educational process towards the use of artificial intelligence, due to the digital transformation of all socio-economic systems of society, reveal the possibilities of using these technologies in education, the implementation of which will allow the selection of the most optimal learning strategy, the improvement of a large number of educational operations, assistance in organizing an effective educational process and building the necessary communications.

Annotation: The issues of adaptation of students to the educational environment of the university deserve great interest. The relevance of the problem is due to the need to study and understand the processes of active adaptation and adaptive mechanisms of the body, due to both physical and psychological factors. Physical activity, stress, fatigue of a physical and psychological nature affect the adaptive capabilities of the body. Overstrain of regulatory systems can cause disruption of adaptation with the appearance and development of all kinds of pathological processes and diseases. It was found that adequate reactions of all body systems to various types of loads have a positive effect on the adaptive capabilities of the body, protecting it from the likelihood of an adaptive breakdown. The purpose of the study was the possibility of using functional state con- trol technologies to determine the adaptive capabilities of the students’ body in relation to loads during the educational process. The study involved students of 1–3 courses of the medical University aged 17 to 20 years. The obtained results make it possible to design loads competently and carry out their individual correction in order to plan adequate load regimes during physical education classes and in sports sections for the active forming of adaptive capabilities of the body.

Annotation: This article describes the typological features of the study of the sense of patriotism among police cadets. The author substantiates the need to form a sense of patriotism manifested in the love of their culture: traditions, customs, art of their people. The specifics of the educational process in a departmental educational organization, the order of interaction of an educational institution with public organizations in the forming of patriotism are revealed. The features of the forming of the socio-cultural type of the sense of patriotism are described: the concept, types, research, specifics of upbringing. The article presents the history of the study of the sociocultural type of the sense of patriotism and the scheme of the relationship of the socio-cultural type of the sense of patriotism with other types of the phenomenon under study. The description of promising directions for further research on the subject of fostering a sense of patriotism is given. The problems that have a significant impact on the development of the socio-cultural type of patriotism are listed. The conclusion is made about the importance of revising approaches to patriotic education in pedagogical science, in accordance with the new realities of the modern world existing in a complicated military-economic situation.

Annotation: Among the innovative practices and scientific achievements of pedagogy of the 20th century, A. S. Makarenko’s “optimistic hypothesis” occupies a special place as an approach to a growing personality and a technology for developing its capabilities. The subject of this study is the principle of optimism, which, within the framework of pedagogy, serves for the teacher as a worldview and methodological basis for the formation of educational motivation, academic performance and cognitive interest of students with a focus on their personal growth, selfrealization in educational and pedagogical and personal developmental interaction, and then acts as a meaningful and the technological aspect of creating a situation of success in learning activities. The purpose of the work is to reveal the evolution of the principle of optimism of A.S. Makarenko in the content and technologies for creating a situation of success in educational activities. The methodological basis of the study was the existential and humanistic approaches to joy understanding in the structure of the educational process. The article reveals the pedagogical essence of the principle of optimism in its development and alternations. The connection of the classical method of creating optimistic prospects by A.S. Makarenko and the modern pedagogical system for creating a situation of success developed by A.S. Belkin. Particular attention is paid to the description of variable innovative pedagogical techniques that encourage students to achieve success. The theoretical and methodological provisions of the work can serve as the basis for the development of seminars and practical exercises with elements of training in advanced training courses for teachers.

Annotation: The active digitalization of almost all spheres of modern society has also affected education, which inevitably led to the abandonment of traditional teaching methods in favor of interactive ones aimed not at acquiring knowledge but at turning it into competencies, practical skills, and abilities. To a large extent, the given process was expedited by the change in the teacher’s role, from the classical translator of the knowledge from the textbook to the facilitator, who allows students to concentrate on learning goals and supporting positive motivation in their achievement. One of the most effective methods of interactive learning is the hexagon method, first described by the English history teacher Russell Tarr at the end of the 20th century. However, an analysis of the literature on the problem showed that despite the obvious linguodidactic potential of this method, it is practically not used in higher education. Our study aims to fill the existing gap and prove that the hexagon method is an effective way to develop speech, lexical, and debating skills of students majoring technical specialties.

Annotation: The article raises the problem of the need for scientific research in the work of a teacher within the framework of a taught discipline. This topic, poorly reflected in pedagogical science, is considered on the basis of teaching history in the system of higher and secondary vocational education. The author provides options for controversial historical issues that are unsatisfactorily presented in the educational literature, as well as issues that are not reflected at all in the educational literature or are reflected on the basis of outdated data. Based on the experi- ence of his own teaching, the author introduces the reader to specific examples of research work, the results of which he applies in the classroom, as well as some historical sources that a history teacher can use in scientific activities. At the end of the article, an attempt is made to classify the research activities of a history teacher. The results obtained can be used in the work of a history teacher in the system of higher and secondary vocational education.

Annotation: The article is devoted to actual issues of professional orientation of schoolchildren in modern market conditions. It has been proven that outdated approaches to the organization of career guidance lag real economic and industrial challenges. The purpose of the article is to identify effective innovative pedagogical approaches to the career guidance of schoolchildren and reveal their impact on the competitiveness of a specialist. The article outlines the problems in career guidance work in Russia. New professions and requirements for them in the context of market competition are defined. Significant federal projects of the Russian Federation in the field of vocational education and youth policy are indicated. The novelty of the study is that effective pedagogical approaches to the career guidance of schoolchildren are disclosed, namely: cognitive, preparatory, motivational, creative, geographical, prognostic, critical, existential, individual; continuous education and self-improvement; an approach based on sustainable professional interaction (parents-students, employers-students, employersparents), a practice-oriented pedagogical approach, consultative, interdisciplinary, systemic or integrated.

Annotation: The subject of the study is the deprivation of the development of professionally oriented social intelligence of future specialists in the field of direct contact work with clients in a pandemic situation. The purpose of the study is to identify psychological mechanisms and their methodological features that contribute to the development of professionally oriented social intelligence of students under the constraints of social communications. The research methods are pedagogical observation, empirical generalization, descriptive and analytical method. The article highlights and characterizes the basic psychological mechanisms aimed at the forming of professionally oriented social intelligence of students. The essence of the process of forming of social intelligence of future specialists is revealed, which consists in the forming of a system of individually expressed cognitive and personal structures. It is noted that cognitive-personal structures ensure the student’s readiness for empathic interaction with the client, whose socialization may be burdened with a spectrum of covid manifestations and limitations, distortion of habitual patterns. The conducted research focuses the employees of the education system on the search for factors and organizational conditions for the forming of special strategies for the professional behavior of future specialists under the constraints of social communications.

Annotation: The authors of the article address the problem of finding effective methods of teaching terms in Russian as a foreign language. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the conditions for the successful development of terminology by foreign students are determined, a system of educational tasks is being developed that allows forming the skill of verbal expression of generalization and concretization. This skill allows them to remove difficulties in the formulation of terms and in operating with special vocabulary. The authors relied on the following methods: descriptive-analytical, the method of activating the reserve capabilities of the individual and the team (G.A. Kitaygorodskaya), the principle of interdisciplinary coordination and integrated (professionally and communicatively directed) foreign language teaching, the principle of rational restriction of the vocabulary minimum in order to develop the maximum number of speech skills (V.A. Bukhbinder). The authors demonstrate that the effective use of terminology in professional communication is impossible without speech and cognitive “scenarios”: generalization, concretization, selection of distinctive features and assessment of their (in-)sufficiency.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the relevant problem of choice of the assessment tool of the competencies forming among university students. The authors of the article describe a study related to the use of a professional podcast contest conducted in a foreign language as an assessment tool to determine the level of development of foreign language communicative competence among students of non-linguistic areas studying the discipline “Foreign (English) language in the professional area.” The choice of this assessment tool is dictated by the need to search for alternative forms of control when traditional forms lose their relevance and do not always correspond to new requirements of the educational process. The authors come to the conclusion that the use of podcasting technology in the educational process is effective, since it ensures professional orientation of tasks for control, increases motivation to learn a foreign language and contributes to the realization of the creative potential of students. The practical significance of the study lies in the critical assessment of teaching experience, as well as the possibility of using the presented task in the practice of teaching a foreign language.

Annotation: The specifics of the ongoing changes in the modern world, which is characterized by sharply aggravated global political, economic, social, ethnic and spiritual and moral problems, determines as a priority the problem of harmonious intercultural coexistence, interaction and cooperation of people of different nationalities, different faiths in a single multi-ethnic society. Therefore, the problem of perspective specialists’ professional training, including military personnel, for life in a multicultural environment is of particular relevance. The effective conduction of military-professional activities in modern sociocultural conditions is possible only in accordance with national characteristics and cultural needs of subjects as different ethnic groups representatives. The inclusion of an ethnocultural component in the process of professional training at a military university, the purpose of which is to educate a humanistically oriented personality, open to communication with representatives of various nationalities, taking into account the features of ethnocultural education of comrades, as well as possible difficulties of interethnic interaction and able to find constructive ways to resolve it, seems to be the most acceptable in authors opinion. The purpose of this article is to analyze the problem of the ethnocultural component of professional training at a military university from the standpoint of the expediency of its inclusion in the system of higher military education.

Annotation: The aim of the study is to provide a multidimensional methodological description of a distance project for introducing foreign language students to the cultural heritage of a particular region of the target language in Russian as a foreign language classes. The subject of the study is the methodology of formation of non-native speakers’ readiness to learn Russian through the project “Hospitable Russia”. Pedagogical science recognizes the need to implement distance forms of learning, which acquire special significance in work with foreigners. In the practice of teaching Russian in a foreign audience it is necessary to form in students an idea of the studied language through the system of knowledge about the culture of the country as a whole and a separate region in particular. In the course of the research the authors turned to the following methods: pedagogical observation, empirical generalization, methodological experiment. The article presents the methodological development of the creative project “Hospitable Russia” for foreign students from the Republic of Uganda. Based on the conducted experimental training, the authors make suggestions for further development and improvement of the project for its implementation in the audience of students from African countries.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is an essential and structural-content analysis of digital behavior as a phenomenon of the digitalization era with the justification of the analogy of this phenomenon with behavior in the traditional sense of the term. The presented goal involves the use of research tools, which includes phenomenological and structural-content analysis of both general humanitarian and psychological-pedagogical nature. Elements of the differentiation method, abstraction and synthesis are used to identify individual components of the content of digital behavior. As a result of the research, the author makes conclusions about the difference between the concept of digital behavior and the concept of using the Internet, taking into account the special meaningful personality-conditioned aspects of digital life inherent in the former. At the same time, the structure of digital behavior appears to be the unity of all network actions that can be differentiated as search, consumption, production and exchange of information. At the same time, consumption is a key information aspect of personal development in the digital environment; and the content of digital behavior includes value-semantic, ideological, cognitive and motivational-target components.

Annotation: This study is devoted to the analysis of deficits of teachers and students of the university in the preparation of scientific publications. A statistical study was conducted to identify factors that reduce the effectiveness of their research activities. The experimental data were processed using methods of frequency analysis, descriptive sta- tistics, and comparative analysis. Based on the results of statistical data processing, conclusions are formulated about typical difficulties in the preparation of scientific publications by students and teachers. A comparison of the views of students and teachers revealed differences in the assessment of the degree of complexity of the preparation of individual structural components of scientific articles. The most effective forms of educational and methodological complexes for the creation of scientific projects and the preparation of publications have been identified. The results obtained indicate the relevance of the introduction of chatbots as virtual assistants. An experimental version of a chatbot based on the Telegram platform has been developed and tested to implement support functions in the preparation of scientific publications. The directions of development of the technical functionality of the virtual assistant are noted.

Annotation: The article discusses the possibilities, features and specifics of the application of the project method in teaching medical students in the disciplines of the humanities. The experience of applying the project method is summarized, the main difficulties of its practical implementation in teaching medical students are systematized. The empirical basis of the study was the analysis of the results of the implementation of the method of projects by the Department of Philosophy and History of the Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and generalized practical experience, recommendations were developed on the use of the project method in the study of humanitarian disciplines in a medical university. Within the framework of the project method, pedagogical techniques are identified aimed at the professional self-development of a medical student, the forming of skills and abilities of research and creative search, the application of interdisciplinary knowledge, the forming of a personality prone to continuous self-education. The obtained results of the study can contribute to the development of methodological support for humanitarian disciplines in the medical field.

Annotation: A solution to the problem of young people’s axiological attitudes development by means of enriching the individual with national values is presented, which involves the spiritual and moral education of schoolchildren, students and cadets. The serving-learning model is considered as a method of teaching and organizing educational programs using the example of a patriotic conference. The main directions of social service within the framework of orientation towards positive changes in society are listed. The proposed model can be implemented not only in the course of subject teaching, but also during extracurricular activities. The stages of serving-learning model implementation are described. It is emphasized that the value of the service-learning model is in resolving the contradiction between the negative phenomena of society and the tasks of educational organizations in developing young people’s spiritual and moral consciousness. Accordingly, there is a problem: what projects can be implemented to motivate young people to participate in patriotic events in order to preserve history about the Great Patriotic War as well as to develop their spiritual and moral qualities. In conclusion, the planned results of service learning model realization are presented in the framework of addressing issues of preserving and transferring knowledge about the events of the Great Patriotic War.

Annotation: The article investigates the features of information cascade modeling of information transmission processes in communication systems. The key and distinctive features of the design cascade model and the information cascade model of network processes are highlighted. It is shown that information cascade modeling reflects the integrative process of data transmission as a commutation of information and communication processes. The information cascade in the network environment is considered as a result of the synergistic action of information flows. The dif- ference between the information cascade of the social environment and the technical communication environment is shown. It is noted that the cascade in the social environment is an effort of information influence of agents on consumers. The information cascade in the technical communication environment is considered as a dynamic hier- archy of transmitted content, which has the property of emergence. It is shown that the information cascade model makes it possible to create a tool for studying such factors as information diffusion and the forming of an informa- tion cascade in communication systems. The highlighted features of information cascade modeling of information transmission processes in communication systems provide an expanded understanding of the subject of research in the creation of network systems and technologies and lead to a clarification of the concept of their development.

Annotation: The article describes the experience of creation of a data model of the information system of state (municipal) property management, which ensures the sustainability of the database structure in the conditions of variability of the feature space. The effectiveness of the application of a systematic approach in the formulation of initial methodological positions in the construction of a data model of a complex information system is demonstrated. The article provides a detailed analysis of the structure of the state address register, identifies and demonstrates by examples the systemic signs of violations in the database. Within the framework of existing methodologies and tools for domain-oriented database design, a methodology has been created to increase the degree of database normalization by phasing out systemic signs of violations in the database. An approach to expanding the structure of the state address register based on the exclusion of multi-purpose columns, multi-purpose tables, redundant data, multi-valued columns is proposed. Methods of implementing flexibility schemes that do not use multi-purpose hierarchical entities are discussed. The examples demonstrate the methodological techniques used to increase the degree of normalization of the database in cases where the terms of the source documents are uncertain and/or contradictory.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the organization of psychological support for the professional development of students studying in the direction of “Psychological and pedagogical education”. The analysis of the possibilities of the psychological laboratory as a system tool of personal and professional development of students in the conditions of the organization of higher education is carried out. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the work of the psychological laboratory are presented, its role in promoting the forming of competitive, readyto- solve practical tasks in the upcoming professional activity of teachers-psychologists is revealed. The article systematizes the priority areas of work of the psychological laboratory: the development of effective communication skills, the development of tools for working in the field of child-parent relations, mastering technologies for setting and implementing goals, as well as the basics of psychological counseling. A range of areas of particular relevance for future teachers-psychologists and expanding the scope of tasks facing the staff of the psychological laboratory is outlined. It is shown that the systematic innovative, educational and educational activities of the psychological laboratory contribute to the forming of a scientific, methodological and practical foundation that provides psychological support for the development of a student’s personality.

Annotation: The article explores the morphology and semantics of information figurative models. A new interpretation is introduced into the concepts of “morphology” and “semantics” by establishing a connection between them for a certain type of models. The difference between the morphology of information figurative models and the morphological box and F. Zwicke’s approach is considered. The article develops the idea that morphology and semantics complement each other in figurative information models. The analysis of content and form as the ba- sis of semantics and morphology is carried out. From the standpoint of morphology, the content of uncertainty and fuzziness of information figurative models is revealed. The idea is developing that morphology is a formal characteristic, and semantics is an actual characteristic. It is shown that the structure of the model for abstract situations is formally a morphological indicator. It is noted that there are other situations for which the structure characterizes related semantics and morphology. In these cases, morphological modeling changes the semantics. A figurative analysis of certainty and uncertainty and the concept of “polysemy” is given. Conceptual mixing is considered, a number of procedures for this type of semantic modeling are given. It is noted that semantic and morphological modeling are related for figurative information models. The results of the methodological research are aimed at developing a systematic approach to the development of semantic figurative models in the information field.

Annotation: Responding to the challenges of a changing educational environment and meeting the needs of a new generation of university students, a foreign language teacher is in constant search of relevant didactic tools and technologies. The problem of the cognitive activity reducing of university students of non-linguistic majors in the study of foreign languages remains unresolved. Being a quality of an individual and an important incentive for learning, cognitive activity has a direct impact on the educational process and its result. This justifies the relevance of the research. Choosing the Telegram-channel as a technique for stimulating cognitive activity, the authors rely on studies of the socio-psychological characteristics of Generation Z students, their interests and life strategies. The authors pay special attention on the types of content and ways of presenting information in the Telegram-channel of the educational language group. The practical significance of the research lies in the reflection of the pedagogical experience of the Telegram-channel integration into the educational process, as well as the possibility of using the presented specific types of publications to stimulate the cognitive activity of students in the context of language disciplines.

Annotation: The article describes the problem of optimizing the execution plans of analytical SQL queries using machine learning. Currently, none of the popular database management systems (DBMS) uses an optimizer based on machine learning. At the same time, it is machine learning that can solve the known problems of standard optimizers used in most modern DBMS. In this work, the disadvantages of existing approaches to planning analytical SQL queries are considered in detail. There is a lack of research on the use of well-known machine learning-based approaches to optimizing SQL queries in analytical databases. The relevance of solving the problem of optimizing SQL query execution plans for massively parallel column-based DBMS is shown. The paper provides a justification for the choice of specific methods based on machine learning. The modifications made are described, in particular, an approach to the selection of execution plans for analytical SQL queries based on the collection of a training sample and the selection of target values is proposed. The problem of implementing a machine learning-based approach is considered. Possible problems with the training of the model and its operation in fundamentally new situations arising during training are highlighted. The ways of their solution are proposed. Original experiments have been carried out with various methods of optimizing SQL queries in relation to a massively parallel column DBMS. It is shown that the proposed modifications of existing solutions significantly improve the speed of query execution.

Annotation: This study considers the metaphors used in the Russian and Chinese worldviews to characterize the teaching profession. The purpose of the work is the presentation of the diachronic and synchronic analysis of the metaphorical portrait of the teacher, starting with the works of Ya.A. Komenskiy to the present day, as well as the results of an empirical study of the reflective potential of the portrait of a teacher in the process of educating foreign language teachers. The article analyzes the views not only on the positive aspects of the teacher’s activity, but also critically examines his/her possible negative impact on the development of the personality of students. In the empirical part, the emphasis is on the results of a survey of foreign language teachers who have taken refresher courses in this area. The results of the study demonstrate the versatility of the concept of “teacher” in the Russian and Chinese worldviews, as well as the variability of respondents’ opinions regarding the role of the teacher in the modern model of teacher training. The results obtained can be interpreted for further projecting of a program for the professional development of foreign language teachers.

Annotation: Currently, transformer-based transfer learning methods are used to solve natural language processing problems, but they can be demanding on computing resources and memory. An alternative approach proposed in this article is related to the use of a pre-trained language model based on the recurrent neural network LSTM (Long Short- Term Memory), which allows natural language processing (tonality analysis) to be performed on a set containing text data. As a reference test of the proposed model for solving the problem of recognizing the “hate speech” in the text, other models based on transformers are considered. The degradation test, which evaluates the resilience of models to performance degradation with a decrease in the amount of training data, confirms the effectiveness of the model for a limited training dataset. The proposed LSTM model based on a recurrent neural network allows us to use a pre-trained language model from scratch and provide faster pre-learning in transformer-based models.

Annotation: The article describes the comparative effectiveness of automated credit risk assessment by modern machine learning methods (Naive Bayes classifier, k-nearest neighbors, logistic regression, “random forest” and deep neural network). A database was modeled from available open sources, samples were made, and data was preprocessed. Machine learning models have been trained and tested, and compared by quality metrics. Based on the test results, the parameters of the machine learning model were optimized by a complete search of combinations of statistical models (rule-based method, k-nearest neighbor method, logistic regression, discriminant analysis, naive Bayes classifier, neural networks and decision trees). Each of the traditional classifiers (naive Bayes classifier, k-nearest neighbor method, logistic regression, “random forest”, deep neural network) was improved with the use of standardization mechanisms and dimensionality reduction by the principal component method. Based on the results of a comparative analysis of machine learning models, the best result was demonstrated by a neural network model with optimized parameters, which provided the best indicators for all evaluation metrics.

Annotation: The article examines the problem of information security of smart systems. The level of digitalization of smart systems is continuously increasing and vulnerability factors and threats are changing accordingly. Therefore, the information protection process needs to be continuously improved. The purpose of the work is to systematize the threats and vulnerabilities of modern systems of smart things, to develop recommendations for improving their information security. The systematics of threats to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless technologies is presented. An example of vulnerabilities of a smart system when using Wi-Fi technology is considered. The typological series of Wi-Fi technology is presented, which is created according to the degree of the transmitted information security growth. The threats and vulnerabilities of the technology when using specific Wi-Fi network protection protocols are shown. The example shows that information threats appear not only because of the vulnerabilities of wireless information transmission technology, but also because of the technological features of the use of this technology in other systems, including “smart things”. A comparison is made of the security of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies based on the use of the modern WPA3 protocol. Recommendations have been developed for the transmission of confidential information via Wi-Fi and Bluetooth channels.

Annotation: The article describes the state and development of physical culture and sports in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of physical culture and sports management were carried out using methods of extrapolation, system analysis and comparison. The article highlights typical problems and shortcomings of the development of sports using the Karaganda region as an example. In addition, the study points out a discrepancy in the development of structural components of both mass sports and high perfomance sports at the level of the Karaganda region. It is concluded that effective management of physical culture and sports can be achieved with a cluster approach that can link all components of sports and ensure their proportional development. As a result of the study, the authors identified factors that influence the development of youth policy in the field of physical culture and sports. A trend model has been created based on projected values of the indicator “Sport services and services for organizing recreational activities” from 2022 to 2024. The model made it possible to, first, identify the trend towards an increase in demand for sport services and recreation services in the Republic of Kazakhstan and, second, to identify possible directions for improving the mechanisms of the development of physical culture and sports.

Annotation: The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to find effective methods for teaching philosophical disciplines aimed at overcoming educational demotivation and skepticism of students regarding humanitarian knowledge. Modern students are characterized by a pragmatic approach, evaluating information from the point of view of usefulness and applied significance, which is why it is important for a teacher to have a set of tools that allow them to reveal the vital, existential meaning of abstract problems of philosophy and logic, which are not actually divorced from human needs and demands of everyday life. The object of the research is the didactic features of familiarizing students (non-philosophical areas of education) with the main content of the university disciplines “Philosophy” and “Logic” as general education courses. The subject of the study is the didactic specificity of the study of the famous paradoxes of Zeno of Elea, which as a teaching material are in the semantic field of both philosophical and logical problems. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the heuristic and educational potential of the chosen topic and the practical significance of its study at a university from the point of view of the forming of positive cognitive motivation, the development of critical, multidimensional and creative thinking of students, self-actualization and self-knowledge. The research methods are empirical generalization, conclusions by analogy, deductively and inductively constructed conclusions, idealization, abstraction, thought experiment and comparative analysis. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the substantiation of the position that virtually any material from general university courses of philosophy and logic, with appropriate didactic construction, design and presentation, can be a factor in increasing the level of cognitive interest of students and a stimulus for self-actualization of personality. The scope of application of the research results is world outlook and philosophical heuristics, logical paradoxology, effective didactic strategies and diverse educational interactions not only in higher but also in secondary school.

Annotation: The article explores spatial modeling associated with the construction of virtual landscapes. A virtual landscape is considered, which can describe either a real landscape or a scene of animated applications. The purpose of the work is to develop a technology for generating virtual landscapes, allowing to increase the reality of their representation with the prospect of application for training and game situations. The article considers voxelization technology, which is an alternative to pixelization technology in the construction of three-dimensional models. It is shown that the voxel is a kind of information unit. Three main components of the virtual landscape generation are described: the construction of elevation maps, noise generation, and the forming of virtual surfaces. The expediency of using fractal models to generate a virtual landscape is shown. The expediency of using fractal Brownian motion as a noise algorithm is shown. The systematics of algorithms for the forming of virtual surfaces is given. A technology is proposed that includes an adaptive module for procedural generation of virtual surfaces using the voxelization method and volumetric data. The results of an experiment are presented, during which a module was developed that clarifies the well-known Marching Cubes algorithm and gives a more realistic description of the virtual landscape.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of a new conceptual vision of sustainable development, presented as a socio-cultural phenomenon and the subject of interdisciplinary consideration. The purpose of the publication is to identify current trends characterizing the current vision of the movement towards sustainable development in the information age through a non-classical, environmentally oriented view of culture and its translation, including through education. It is established that presently culture as a phenomenon of the artificial in its traditional purpose is expanding towards the “first nature” and biological. This is facilitated by cross-cutting system initiatives introduced into everyday life, for example, the New European Bauhaus. From a worldview point of view, such paradigms lead public consciousness to a total readjustment to the biological dominant in education, as opposed to the artificial/technical priorities established in the last century. It is shown that from an applied point of view, the New European Bauhaus contributes to the formation of an ecological style/lifestyle. It is revealed that in the paradigm of sustainable development, the unity of education and culture acquires new facets in response to the challenges of the era. The obtained results provide an opportunity for an original interpretation of the significance of feedbacks between the European green course and education at all levels.

Annotation: The article is devoted to passive information systems used to identify remote objects in the infrared infrared wavelengths based on calculated thermal signatures. It is noted that the objective characteristic of an object free from the influence of background radiation is thermal contrast. However, in order to identify thermal objects, it is often important to obtain not integral estimates of the IR signature of an object, but the spatial structure of this signature on the observed surface. In such cases, the main information feature for identifying the type of object is precisely the two-dimensional distribution law determined by the surface temperature, and not the integral indicator of the radiative flux emitted by the object. A method for analyzing the temperature distribution on the surface of a remote object, forming equal temperature zones on the image and using the results of processing the received information is proposed to identify the object. In order to form these zones (layers, segments), a base element is selected and a comparator is used to compare the image elements, which reduces processing time by eliminating the selection operations of image elements of equal temperature.

Annotation: The purpose of research consists in substantiation of interconnection of digital culture and informational com- petence as didactic objects in 2020s. The main research method is descriptive and differential analysis touching upon social, communicative and educational aspects of digital-epoch personality development. Basing on this the authors highlight digital culture components taking into account the specificities of the present-day informa- tion environment outlining thus their interconnection with competence-related qualities. The novelty of research consists in viewing comparatively poorly analyzed phenomenon counterbalancing informational competence. It also consists in revealing axiological and worldviewing vectors of personality’s digital behavior. The basic nature of digital culture in relation to information competence as a local didactic unit is demonstrated. As a result, the essential and meaningful similarities and differences of the studied phenomena are highlighted and promising information and pedagogical directions for the study of this problem are proposed. The authors come to conclusions about the possibility of effective development of information competence based on understand- ing and actualizing the more complex essence of digital culture, the components of which lie beyond the purely functional qualities realized by a modern person in everyday information activities.

Annotation: The relevance of the issue is determined by the need to find effective methods for teaching philosophical disciplines aimed at overcoming educational demotivation and skepticism of students regarding humanitarian knowledge. Modern students are characterized by a pragmatic approach, evaluating information from the point of view of usefulness and applied significance, which is why it is important for a teacher to have a set of tools that allow them to reveal the vital, existential meaning of abstract problems of philosophy and logic, which are not actually divorced from human needs and demands of everyday life. The object of the research is the didactic features of familiarizing students (non-philosophical areas of training) with the main content of the university disciplines “Philosophy” and “Logic” as general education courses. The subject of the study is the didactic specificity of the study of the famous aporias of Zeno of Elea, which as a teaching material are in the semantic field of both philosophical and logical problems. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the heuristic and educational potential of the chosen topic and the practical significance of its study at a university from the point of view of the formation of positive cognitive motivation, the development of critical, multidimensional and creative thinking of students, self-actualization and self-knowledge. The research methods are empirical generalization, conclusions by analogy, deductively and inductively constructed conclusions, idealization, abstraction, thought experiment and comparative analysis. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the substantiation of the position that virtually any material from general university courses of philosophy and logic, with appropriate didactic construction, design and presentation, can be a factor in increasing the level of cognitive interest of students and a stimulus for self-actualization of personality. The scope of application of the research results is world outlook and philosophical heuristics, logical paradoxology, effective didactic strategies and diverse educational interactions not only in higher but also in secondary school.

Annotation: The academic discipline “Philosophy” is currently being studied by students of all universities, institutes, faculties, directions and profiles of training in the higher education system. Whereas the discipline “Logic”, which comes fr om philosophical knowledge and can be considered as one of the sections of philosophy, is not studied everywhere as a separate course – in various educational programs and curricula, unlike “Philosophy”, it will rather be absent than present. Wh ere it is present, it is studied as formal logic – the science of the correct construction of thoughts in reasoning. Meanwhile, it is not uncommon to hear about dialectical logic. What is it? Surprisingly, despite the term “logic” in this phrase, dialectical logic is one of the themes of philosophy, but not logic in its formal or traditional sense. It is possible that not every representative of philosophical knowledge and teacher of logic and philosophy will undertake the work of a popular and clear explanation of what dialectical logic is, why it is a branch of philosophy and actually has nothing to do with logic as such, or with formal logic. The question arises – how is it possible to demand from students studying a philosophy course an adequate knowledge of this issue? It is possible, of course, in the course of philosophy, to bypass it. However, if we still include it in the main content of the discipline – because of its importance and didactic attractiveness – in terms of the implementation of educational and developmental learning goals, then how can we clearly and intelligibly explain this material to students, in both substance and form? The article is devoted to this pedagogical, psychological, didactic, methodological, as well as philosophical and logical question to no lesser extent.

Annotation: The article describes the relevant socio-philosophical problem of preventing and overcoming modern value and meaning conflicts. Conflicts of belief are activated in times of crisis and are powerful sources of destructive processes, thus modern professionals need to have the knowledge and skills to identify this kind of conflict situations and analyze them systematically. Modern social and practical philosophy offers three philosophical and methodological grounds for such analysis: first, the distinction between private beliefs and universal knowledge, which are coercive to rational beings. Second, the recognition of different beliefs and convictions as having an equal right to coexist peacefully in a modern democratic society and a state governed by the rule of law, since they cannot claim objective truth and superiority over one another. Third, contemporary beliefs should be consistent with applicable legal laws, and therefore they should not contradict the constitutional rights and freedoms of all citizens of the country, and at the same time should allow for mutual respect for other legitimate beliefs. The article presents two bases of mutually respectful attitudes – pragmatic (economic and legal) and general moral (humanistic and ecocentric), the forming of which should be included in the content of modern socio-humanitarian disciplines.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the issues of building ground-based networks for collecting information about aerosol pollution of coastal zones, taking into account the wind speed from sea to shore. The methodology of the study provides for taking into account the following main influencing factors of the coastal zone: wind speed in the “sea-shore” direction, distance from the shore, exponential decrease in the optical thickness of the coastal sea aerosol at a distance from the coastline to the land. The optimization problem of choosing the distance of the location of the photometer depending on the wind speed is formulated and solved in the article. A formula is given for calculating the distance from the coastline at which the average value of the measuring signal over a certain range of permissible wind speeds reaches a minimum value. The main conclusion of the study is the established fact that there are optimal ratios of influencing factors of the coastal zone, which should be taken into account when constructing and using technical means of collecting information and monitoring the state of the atmosphere in coastal zones. The results obtained can be applied in the construction of meteorological networks and stations for monitoring atmospheric pollution in coastal zones.

Annotation: Modernization of religious education is an integral part of the strategic development of the national education system. Despite the successful experience of introducing electronic information and educational systems in leading Islamic universities in Russia, the digitalization of religious education is accompanied by a number of pedagogical risks. The author analyzes the pedagogical risks that must be borne in mind when using e-learning and distance learning technologies in the educational process, taking into account the specifics of an Islamic educational organization. The article presents the characteristics of the state of e-learning in Islamic educational institutions in Russia and abroad. Based on statistical and sociological data, the political, social, organizational, psychological, pedagogical and methodological aspects of the introduction of e-learning in religious education are characterized, and the main array of risks associated with this process is determined. The ways of reducing pedagogical risks in the implementation of e-learning in an Islamic educational organization are proposed.

Annotation: The article deals with the problem of preventing the use of psychoactive substances by students in the educational environment. The authors consider the main approaches to the organization of psychoprophylactic measures in the educational environment, aimed at strengthening the protective factors that prevent the start of use and reduce the risk factors for the forming of dependence on psychoactive substances among minors. The theoretical review presented in the article allows us to consider in detail the main types of minors who are prone to the use of psychoactive substances. The authors describe an empirical study in which 120 respondents of adolescent and juvenile ages from different federal districts of the Russian Federation took part. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that for each of these groups it is necessary to create a special system of psychoprophylactic measures. The differences will consist in the strategy of preventive measures, depending on the typology of the propensity to use psychoactive substances. The main practical significance of the study consists in compiling a psychological portrait of minors with a tendency to use psychoactive substances, which will make the latter a target of psychoprophylactic measures.

Annotation: В статье исследуется методологическая проблема организации пространства свободного выбора для обучающихся на примере общеобразовательной школы. Излагается многолетний опыт педагогического коллектива в построении образовательного процесса на основе подхода свободного выбора. Излагаются принципы реализации индивидуального подхода к каждому обучающемуся, которые включают свободу выбора темпа обучения, свободу выбора преподавателя, свободу выбора уровня изучения предмета, свободу перемещения по аудитории. Рассматривается апробированный на практике активный метод обучения «коллективный способ взаимного обучения». Изложена разработанная и апробированная коллективом школы педагогическая методика обучения родителей в области творческого взаимодействия в отношениях с детьми. Представлена применяемая в школе нового формата унифицированная струк- тура учебно-методического комплекса «Учить учиться». Показано, что данный учебно-методический комплекс реализует основные постулаты творческого обучения и инвариантного отношения к изучаемым дисциплинам. Изложенный в статье многолетний педагогический опыт общеобразовательной школы в построении образовательного процесса на основе подхода свободного выбора может трансформиро- ваться для образовательных организаций среднего и высшего профессионального образования.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the issue of increasing the degree of involvement in the educational process of students studying with the use of distance learning technologies. Student engagement is a combination of efforts aimed at achieving positive learning outcomes, ensuring a high level of academic achievement, as well as willingness to apply the knowledge gained in real life. The aim of the work is to study the factors influencing student engagement, as well as the possibilities of stimulating it by a teacher in a distance learning environment. Students’ engagement in learning includes cognitive, emotional and behavioral manifestations. The analysis of literary sources allowed us to identify a number of indicators, as well as factors of student involvement in the educational process. The latter include academic motivation, a sense of belonging to the student community, the ability to self-organize in an electronic information and educational environment, interaction with other students, as well as interaction with teachers. The article presents pedagogical techniques that allow to stimulate the engagement of students in learning organized with the use of distance learning technologies. The results of the study can be used to improve the training organized with the use of distance learning technologies.

Annotation: A rapidly changing educational environment demands a constant search for new sources of information and educational technologies from a foreign language teacher. The widespread use of online resources contributes to the optimization of language education. It also makes the forming of students’ foreign language communicative competence more flexible and creative. The article examines the didactic potential of Internet resources for teaching a foreign language to university students of non-linguistic majors. The authors reviewed modern research on the use Internet resources in language education. They also describe the main features of the main kinds of Internet resources. The authors pay special attention to the criteria for selecting Internet resources for educational purposes. Besides, an in-depth analysis of the advantages of using Internet content in the educational process has been carried out. The practical significance of the research lies in the description of the experience of integrating Internet resources into the training course “English for Specific Purposes” taught to master’s students of Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University majored in Pedagogics, training profile “Mechatronics and Robotics”.

Annotation: In modern society, digital technologies are an integral element of every person’s life, they are not only a tool for learning about the world, but also the very environment of existence. Therefore, the domestic higher education system is designed to ensure the transition of society into the digital age. An important role in achieving this task is assigned to the teacher of higher education, who not only has to master digital tools independently, but also adapt the training program to modern trends of digitalization in professional activity. Based on the review of priority directions of strategic development of higher education and the existing experience of its digitalization, the author solves the problem of systematization of trends in the digital transformation of this industry. Priorities are determined in the areas of modernization of the education system, taking into account the demand for personnel in the real sector of the economy and the mechanisms for building the educational process. The article highlights the threats of digitalization of education and possible preventive measures to eliminate them.

Annotation: The relevance of the study is caused by the rapid digital transformation of higher education. The possibilities of using virtual environment means as self-sufficient educational products in the educational process of the university are considered. The subject of the study is electronic educational resources as effective conditions of students’ foreign language knowledge formation in university. In the course of the experimental study, the needs for improving students’ foreign language knowledge were identified, the levels of foreign language competence were determined and conditions were substantiated that ensure the effectiveness of foreign language competence forming. Electronic educational resources were used in order to provide experimental work in the context of Foreign language learning. An empirical testing of innovative educational resources in teaching Foreign language in a technical university has been carried out and described. A set of methodological support for monitoring foreign language competence has been implemented. The proposed recommendations can be applied for foreign language training among the students of technical universities. The conclusions about the effectiveness of the electronic resources realization in the educational process were stated.

Annotation: The article analyzes the patterns in the professional self-assessment of management students and the disclosure of existing weaknesses and opportunities in this training. The presented material discusses the results of a study on self-assessment of the development of skills by students in their management training, which should be taken into account in the educational process of a higher educational institution for high-quality training of managerial personnel. Trends in students’ self-assessment of mastering basic management skills have been established, depending on the available work experience, the number of years of study at a higher educational institution, individual characteristics of psychophysiological factors. The obtained data are analyzed both by character (phenotype) and temperament (genotype) of students. The analysis was carried out on the ten most frequently encountered skills of effectively working managers. The results obtained can be used to improve the approaches and methods of management training used, including using the principle of differentiation of training.

Annotation: The article describes the results of a study of the educational and methodological capabilities of digital tools and the effectiveness of their use in creating educational content and educational technologies. The practical experience of using the CoreApp platform and the Trello service is summarized, which allow placing and structuring educational content, including multimedia and interactive elements to support students. The experiment was conducted on the control and experimental groups (flows) of students for two years, as part of full-time education and training using distance learning technologies. The need to use Russian services in modern conditions is noted, a survey of the Keiten project management service is being carried out as an alternative to the Trello service. The results of assessing the level of assimilation of educational material by the control and experimental groups are presented, which confirm the pedagogical effect of using digital tools to create educational content and educational technologies. The experience of using the studied digital tools within various disciplines and in formats of both full-time and distance learning is summarized.

Annotation: The article describes the problems of an educational and upbringing nature, the emergence of which is directly related to the alternation of generations and the intensification of the intergenerational gap in the conditions of intensive development of information and communication technologies. The education area is facing the problem of rapid adaptation to new conditions in terms of technical, scientific, methodological and personnel issues. The perfection of the educational process is possible only with the introduction of a rational correlation of innovations and traditions at any level of modern education. The article provides an analysis of the main characteristics of generations, whose representatives are both students and teachers in the broad sense of these concepts. The criteria for the value of knowledge, skills and abilities of representatives of each generation are described. It is noted that taking into account the transformation of the fundamental characteristics of generations, there is a need to improve and develop the education system. In the new standards, it is necessary to repare educational trajectories for the next generation, for which “smart” technologies become not just communication and learning tool, but ordinary social practices. The prognostic characteristics and specificities of teaching a new generation are given.

Annotation: The digitalization of society, as well as the rapid progress in the field of information technology and artificial intelligence, make new and increased demands on the field of education. Global trends in the modern educational process point to the huge role and importance of distance learning, especially in technical specialties. The research is devoted to topical issues of the development of cognitive technology of personalized professional technical distance learning using a unified artificial immune system. The proposed technology uses not classical artificial intelligence algorithms, but modified algorithms based on clonal selection, negative selection and immune networks. Unification is aimed at reducing the diversity of modified algorithms in order to identify the most effective for a particular data set. The proposed technology makes it possible to take into account the cognitive and physiological characteristics of the student when developing a learning trajectory in order to obtain a highquality technical education. The main stages of the functioning of remote cognitive technology are considered. The results of experiments obtained on the basis of the Kazakh-British Technical University with the participation of students of the Faculty of Information Technology are presented.

Annotation: The article discusses the issues of improving and developing scientific and methodological foundations for the projecting and implementation of master’s degree programs as a tool for the forming of professional mobility of a future specialist. The specificities of training in master’s degree practices, the role and importance of master’s degree practices in the forming of professional mobility of students are revealed. Motivational, cognitive, activity and reflexive criteria for assessing the professional mobility of students are highlighted, their characteristics are presented. The potential of practice in master’s degree studies is highlighted, which determines the methods, means and technologies for the formation of professional mobility of students. Based on the identified features, criteria and potential of practices, the design of the content of the continuous pedagogical trajectory of the master’s degree practices is demonstrated. The content of the programs of educational and industrial practices of the master’s degree is revealed on the example of the training direction 44.04.01 “Pedagogical education”, implemented at the Ural State Pedagogical University. The example demonstrates the relationship between the content of master’s degree practices and tools for the forming of professional mobility of students.

Annotation: It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the logic course in the system of higher and even secondary education, since the study of this discipline opens up wide opportunities for updating interdisciplinary connections, implementing educational, developmental and educational learning goals, increasing the cognitive interest of students and their motivation for education and self-education. The object of the study is an extended interpretation of the law of identity that goes beyond formal logic. The subject of the study is the application of an extended interpretation of the logical law of identity for the implementation of not only didactic, but also educational, as well as ideological goals and objectives of higher education. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the possibility of interpreting the law of identity not only as a formally logical principle of correct thinking, but also, much more broadly, as one of the laws of human existence. The research methods are pedagogical observation, empirical generalization, deductively and inductively organized conclusions, conclusions by analogy, abstraction, idealization, thought experiment and comparative analysis. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the position according to which a wide range of educational opportunities depends not only and not so much on the science itself and the corresponding university discipline, but on what and how the teacher will tell (present) to his students as part of the training sessions. The authors of the article attempt to reveal and substantiate this statement by the example of studying such an important law of logic as the law of identity in the course of logic – how it is possible to simply, clearly, clearly and even fascinatingly explain this law and its role in thinking and speech, as well as to show that its effect may go far beyond it goes beyond formal logic and finds its expression and manifestation in the most diverse areas of human life. The scope of application of the research results is educational multidimensional interactions in both secondary and higher education.

Annotation: The object of the study is the multifaceted problem of students’ cognitive interest as the main issue of effectiveness and even meaningfulness of educational efforts and interactions. The subject of the research is the construction of high-quality educational content in the context of the digitalization of education, which one way or another, to a greater or lesser extent, more or less explicitly, involves a decrease in the amount of direct contact between the teacher and the audience, or conducting studies online. In the situation of digitalization, this problem becomes more acute and relevant and can be the object of a comprehensive psychological, pedagogical, didactic and methodological understanding. The aim of the work is to find ways, methods and didactic techniques for building effective educational content. Research methods are empirical generalization, deductively and inductively organized conclusions, pedagogical observation, thought experiment, comparative analysis, abstraction and idealization. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the position according to which, even in the situation of classical educational interaction, at all times there is an important issue of building and organizing educational material offered to students, which, by design and definition, should be clear, “transparent”, accurate, life-oriented, or practically oriented, and, if possible, interesting and exciting, regardless of the specific discipline being studied, direction and profile of training; which allows to increase the effectiveness of teaching activities significantly, as well as the level of motivation and cognitive interest of students. The application area of the research results is educational multifaceted interactions in higher education.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibilities of gaming technologies for teaching philosophy in universities. The authors substantiate the need to update educational technologies, taking into account the trends of edutainment, gamification of education, the totality of the game as a characteristic of human culture and the specifics of philosophical knowledge itself. The author consider quiz is as one of the innovative technologies that make it possible to implement a game approach, overcome dogmatism and extreme academicism in teaching philosophy. The article presents the results of testing this technology on the basis of Moscow Witte University and Yekaterinburg Academy of Contemporary Art. The quiz game tasks were developed by the authors with the help of digital tools such as Kahoot, Quizizz, Learnis and LearningApps. The authors come to the conclusion that in the context of the digitalization of higher education, the spread of distance and blended learning formats and the popularization of BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) approach, which does not prohibit, but encourages the intellectual partnership of students and gadgets, online quiz makes it possible to update philosophical knowledge in the Digital Natives environment, motivate students and emotionally involve them in the process of philosophizing, independent search, choice and creativity.

Annotation: The purpose of this study was the analysis of Russian and foreign studies to identify environmental risk factors that provoke the spread and formation of addictive behaviors in juvenile students. The subject of the study was the environmental approach in the prevention of the psychoactive substances use by minors in an educational organization. In order to obtain the stated results, a search and selection of scientific publications congruent to the problems was carried out in two scientometric databases (eLibrary – 29 publications, ScienseDirect – 7679 publications). Based on the theoretical analysis of the selected sources, 3 groups of environmental factors that have a potential impact about the educational environment were described. Thus, a permanent influence on a person’s choice of an addictive behavior model is exerted by the residence territory and the area specifics of human activity, the presence of landscaping and elements of the natural environment, the social environment and involvement in prosocial interaction. Thus, the implementation of an environmental approach in the preventive activities of an educational organization seems promising, and the development of an ecopsychological educational environment significantly enhances the effectiveness of any measures aimed at psychoactive substances use prevention among minors.

Annotation: The article develops a practical theory of communication studies within the framework of learning technology in an electronic information and educational environment. The development of e-learning forms and the widespread use of distance learning technologies are initiating new challenges in the field of education. This contributes to the formation of a new paradigm within the framework of the theory of communicativistics, called by the author “educational communicativistics”. The article describes the essence of this concept, aimed at studying theoretical and practical issues of communication of subjects of the electronic educational process. It is shown that educational communicativistics can be considered as communicativistics in the information field, which makes it possible to apply an information approach and information modeling to this technology. The role of educational communicativistics as a learning technology in solving the problem of knowledge exchange in the electronic information and educational environment is shown. It is shown that educational communication defines a new methodology of the educational process, reflects the dynamics of educational technologies.

Annotation: In the system of higher education, the problems of patriotic education of students are the main issues in the field of educational activities. In the era of post-truth, fakes, informational fast food, the confrontation between values and meanings is becoming more and more intense. Young people are most exposed to destructive information impact. Due to these circumstances, the patriotic education of young people in modern conditions is of particular relevance and significance. The relevance of this work is connected with the need to improve and develop methodological support for the civil and patriotic education of students, taking into account new realities. In the article, on the basis of a questionnaire, an analysis was made of the level of formation of the qualities that a patriot should possess among students of a pedagogical university. The life values and personal qualities of students included in the concept of “patriotism” are highlighted. Based on the results of the study, the approximate content of the curriculum for the discipline “Civil and Patriotic Education” is proposed. Directions for organizing events are identified and a list of events tested in practice that contribute to the development of patriotic qualities among students is given.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of methodological aspects of providing effective feedback in the process of accompanying students’ independent work. Feedback is defined as a necessary tool that improves the quality of students’ independent work. The main methodological principles of the implementation of feedback and its features in the conditions of the electronic information and educational environment are revealed. The necessity of rethinking the significance and functions of feedback to optimize this type of work is reasoned. The basic concepts that define the forms of feedback are systematized. The technique of forming feedback in the context of organizing and supporting the independent work of students is analyzed. The specific actions of a higher school teacher in the formation of a conscious attitude to the possibilities of feedback in the process of acquiring the experience of professional self-education by students are revealed. The formulated methodological principles are aimed at the application in the process of independent study of disciplines of expedient methods and forms of feedback that are adequate to their conceptually oriented content.

Annotation: The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of developing the personal potential of undergraduate students in the process of mastering a number of academic disciplines at MSPU and MWU. The development of students’ personal potential consists not only in enriching theoretical academic knowledge, but also in the forming of practical skills of a teacher, in constructing a new image of a teacher, a subject teacher, a class teacher, a researcher, revealing the inner potential of each student based on the strengths and qualities of the individual, evaluating, realizing their professional tasks for implementation in further professional activity. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the development of the personal potential of undergraduate students at the stage of professionogenesis in the conditions of the educational environment of the university are revealed. The main results of the survey of students mastering academic disciplines at the university in pedagogical and psychological-pedagogical directions are presented. As an example, a specific task is given at a practical lesson in Pedagogy, aimed at acquiring students’ experience of pedagogical communication in the process of developing personal potential at the stage of professionogenesis.

Annotation: Despite the controversy surrounding the advantages and disadvantages of digitalization of modern education, innovative pedagogical technologies introduced into the educational process of higher education really contribute to improving the quality of education and developing students’ motivation, including when teaching foreign languages. This article analyzes the features of the use of YouTube video resources in classes on the discipline “English for Specific Purposes (ESP)” at a technical university. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that YouTube is the world’s largest video hosting service, containing millions of hours of educational content, as well as a poor knowledge of the possibilities of its application in domestic pedagogy. It is shown that the systematic use of YouTube videos in ESP classes contributes to the replenishment of students’ vocabulary with professionally-oriented vocabulary, improvement of communication and listening skills, formation of sustainable motivation to master a foreign language. Having many advantages, YouTube, however, is not without its shortcomings, also listed in the work.

Annotation: In order to solve the problems of remote sensing of the studied landscapes, color segmentation is currently mainly implemented on the basis of multi- and hyperspectral analysis. The issue of assessment of the informative value of hyperspectrometer signals is inextricably linked with the evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of these devices. The article analyzes the noise characteristics of modern multi- and hyperspectral technology. An extreme information approach to color segmentation of multi- and hyperspectral images is proposed. The optimization problem of the best assessment of changes, in terms of information, that have occurred in the landscape using the variational optimization method is formulated and solved. A technique for assessing the dynamics of changes in the state of landscape elements is proposed.

Annotation: The article describes the scientific and methodological aspects of creating an actual film story by students in the direction of “Film and television directing”. The aim of the work is to develop tools to support the attractor in the creative work of students. Based on the analysis of scientific sources and generalization of the director’s scripts of famous masters of the film industry, the criteria for evaluating creative works of students are highlighted. Methodological techniques for creating modern and demanded audiovisual products on the market are proposed. Using the example of modern film and video materials, it is explained how to choose the right topic, where to draw inspiration, what criteria should be taken into account in the work of students – future screenwriters and directors. Methodological recommendations for the creation of video products of various formats, including those focused on modern platforms, are formulated. The systematization of knowledge in the field of drama described in the article is aimed at improving the quality and validity of the assessment of creative student works.

Annotation: The national cultural specificities resulting from the life of the ethnic group in certain natural and historical conditions are embodied in the national linguistic consciousness in the form of reproducible and rethought semiotic signs, semantics of which carry a linguocultural component. Phraseologisms, being special linguistic means, serve as a tool for nominating fragments of the surrounding world, reflect and concentrate national cultural and existential meanings in their internal forms. The article describes the semantic features of English multi-valued phraseological units as an important component for learning in English lessons. Practical examples demonstrate the analysis of English idioms, which makes it possible to identify not only their structural and semantic features and features of use in the context, but also highlight the historical and cultural factors that led to their occurrence. It is shown that the study of polysemantic phraseological units contributes to a complementary understanding of language as a system of communication between language and culture. The role of the language scientific seminar in the field of English phraseology as a research method in teaching English to students of technical specialties is revealed.

Annotation: The article investigates the compatibility of managerial registers, which represent an extension of the relations introduced by Edgar Codd. The signs of compatibility of lists containing code attributes, the values of which are classifier codes, are considered. A structural model is proposed as a method of studying the semantics of classifiers. This model allows us to unify the cycle of occurrence of the connection of classifiers with managerial registers. The specificity of the interaction of management lists with the classifier is revealed. Based on the presented system of definitions, the properties and classifiability of management lists are disclosed. The cycle of classifier formation and its transformation into a semantic protoclassifier is described. At the formal level, the operation of generalizing two individual concepts is considered, which puts them in accordance with the general concept. Lemmas and proofs on the operation of generalization of individual concepts are given. The formal requirements for classifiers, compatibility of management lists by code attributes, as well as signs of their compatibility, considered in the article, can form the basis for the development of standards for automated data exchange between information systems.

Annotation: The article considers the highly relevant issue of teaching a foreign language to blind and visually impaired students of higher education institutions with access to educational provision on a par with their sighted peers. Teaching oral speech perception in English is both the objective of foreign language education and a means of socialization of this nosological group representatives, who rely on a preserved auditory apparatus in language learning, thus mastering receptive side of speech communication along with the productive one is a strategic task of teaching blind and visually impaired students. Based on international recommendations, the article presents an analysis of communicative situations involving listening which takes place in a language university, a cluster of oral speech perception skills for philology students who have chosen expert knowledge of a foreign language as the basis for their future profession regardless of their health condition. Practical recommendations are given to enhance teaching oral speech perception to visually impaired and blind students within the philological syllabus in a language university.

Annotation: The article presents an original attempt at philosophical and methodological understanding and practical modeling of personal competencies of students of secondary and higher educational institutions of Russia with the help of a new socio-anthropological theory of 10 degrees of freedom, which was developed by the author. This theory of degrees of freedom is based on the evolutionary mechanism of the gradual ascent of an individual and a given society from basic survival conditions to the highest degrees of freedom-political, moral, religious, and creative. Applying this theoretical model to the modeling of the personal future of young people in post-Soviet society, we can argue that without achieving socio-economic independence, the pursuit of higher levels of freedom will be limited and even accidental. Above all, we are talking about political autonomy, which is largely intended to determine the perspective of the life of the individual and the entire society by means of the practical principle “from the personal benefit to the common good’’.

Annotation: The article explores the application of a communicative approach to learning from the perspective of informational and cognitive interaction between a teacher and a student. The analysis of the main communicative schemes used for teaching different age groups is carried out. The features of educational communications by age periods of students are highlighted. Educational communications are considered as an information process in the information field, in which the properties, connections and relationships of the objects in the subject domain are displayed. The information field is considered as a model of the educational environment. The cognitive factor is noted as an obligatory factor of educational communication. The article shows that educational communications are transformed by age groups and consistently move from synchronous unidirectional transmission of information to asynchronous bidirectional form of information and cognitive interaction. In terms of the algebra of logic, examples of communicative schemes are presented that demonstrate the possibility of formalizing educational communications. Taking into account the age periods of students, formal rules of educational communications, can be used in the construction of code models of the electronic information and educational environment.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the development of pedagogical methods based on the use of game technologies in the process of teaching humanities to students of secondary vocational education. The ways of overcoming the difficulties of perception of historical facts and literary texts by modern students are determined. The effectiveness and high degree of involvement of students in conducting classes in the format of educational quest games based on realistic plots with elements of a detective story or exciting adventures are proved. The researcher carried out the project “Literary and diplomatic Exploratorium “A.S. Griboyedov””, during which the quest “A.S. Griboyedov – James Bond of the XIX century” was tested for several years. The main competencies that are achieved in the process of immersing participants in intellectual and creative learning formats that stimulate the development of team and personal qualities of the participants of the questories are given. The expediency of professional adaptation of gaming technologies to the system of the classical educational process, retraining of teaching staff taking into account interactive techniques, teaching teachers the skills of specialists-game technicians is shown. On the practical example of the Griboyedov quest, the format of the application of the game approach is proposed as one of the effective methods of studying the period of Russian history and the literary process of the first half of the XIX century.

Annotation: The relevance of the practical importance of professional training of future teachers-psychologists to prevent family and child abuse is connected with the objective social factors occurring in society, as well as the factor of the need to form a positive model of child-parent relationships. The article presents a theoretical overview of the approaches and psychological and pedagogical technologies to prevent family and child dysfunction. The generalized practical experience of developing the content of professional education for teachers-psychologists is presented. The purpose and content components of psychological and pedagogical education by the example of training direction 44.03.02 Psychological and pedagogical education with a focus (profile) “Family Education”. A new practice-oriented approach to the integration of forms and technologies of work with families and children in the structural and content of the basic educational program is proposed. It is noted that an important aspect is the definition of professional competencies of future teachers-psychologists taking into account clear descriptors. The main methods of research are: analysis and synthesis of the obtained practical experience in Moscow Pedagogical State University, as well as pedagogical observation, pedagogical prediction. The results of the presented pedagogical research can be used in the development of basic educational programs of professional training of specialists working with families.

Annotation: The article describes the experience of building a data model for the subject area of an information system for managing state (municipal) property. It is shown that the discussed solutions are not always derived from the ready-made AIS “REGOSS” system, but are the result of looking at them from the standpoint of today’s knowledge, they represent a kind of conceptual “refactoring” of a previously created subject area. The analysis of legislative and regulatory documents that describe the entities of the subject area, their connections and relationships in the aspect of building an information system database model is consistently presented. The examples demonstrate the mechanisms for analyzing verbal documents and drawing conclusions as a method of collecting primary information in the study of the subject area. The effectiveness of applying a systematic approach in formulating the initial methodological positions in creation of data model of a complex information system is demonstrated. The examples demonstrate the methodological techniques used to increase the degree of database normalization.

Annotation: The aim of the study is to analyze the approaches to signal separation and restoration in telecommunication systems on the example of fiber-optic information transmission systems and to justify the most optimal methods that will increase the capacity of communication lines. In the process of research the methods of separation and restoration of signals, which are used in the construction of multi-channel telecommunications systems are considered and their capabilities and features of use are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the temporal separation of signals and separation of signals by wavelength. Also features and specificity of Rake-receivers are highlighted. In order to increase the capacity of existing and projected communication lines, it is advisable to combine the principles of temporal separation of signals and wavelength separation, which can be achieved based on a passive optical network. The article reveals the features and capabilities of the passive optical network in the context of increasing the speed of information transfer and elimination of the phenomena of polarization and chromatic dispersion. The capabilities of Rake receivers in terms of minimizing the effect of inter-character interference are also formulated.

Annotation: The article explores a new direction “subsidiary metaheuristics”. The article proposes a new metaheuristic algorithm, which the authors called the coverage algorithm. The difference between heuristics and metaheuristics in relation to subsidiary systems is shown. Metaheuristic algorithms are modifiable according to the control situation. The iterative process of finding solutions is common to heuristics and metaheuristics. The significance of the situation for metaheuristic transformations is shown. A typical scheme of heuristic algorithms with a fixed sequence of actions is presented. An example of the formation of algorithms of subsidiary metaheuristics is described. The problem of covering an arbitrary-shaped area with areas is considered. The complexity of the problem lies in the fact that this area is unknown and is determined iteratively during the coating process. It is shown that subsidiary systems and algorithms are multi-purpose, a group of typical goals of a subsidiary algorithm is identified. The algorithm of covering the area of the site with areas associated with the movement of the robot is described. The feature of the metaheuristics algorithm is the use of information from sensors. It is noted that a subsidiary system with a metaheuristic control algorithm should include coordination mechanisms in space.

Annotation: The article describes a new type of geoinformation modeling – semasiological modeling. The research is based on the interdisciplinary transfer of linguistics methods to the field of geoinformatics. The article introduces and substantiates a new concept of “geoinformation semasiological modeling”, which is considered as an alternative to information onomasiological modeling. The similarity and difference between geoinformation semasiological modeling and informational onomasiological modeling is shown. The transformation of the semasiological approach in geoinformatics is shown. The importance of information units in geoinformation semasiological modeling is stated. The basic principles of geoinformation semasiological modeling are considered: system, integration, compositional, resource, situational and complementary ones. The polysemy in this type of modeling is shown, which is due to the multivariance of the results, the need for the use of qualitative comparative analysis is noted. A brief description of qualitative comparative analysis and its application to geoinformation semasiological modeling is given. The necessity of applying a logical approach to comparative analysis, which is aimed at combining qualitative and quantitative research strategies, is emphasized.

Annotation: The article describes the category of information units in terms of their application in complex domain models. The variety of tasks solved with the use of information units generates a variety of their types and groups. In the information modeling of the subject area, it is important to build a single complementary system of information units. In this regard, the generalization and systematization of ways of forming and presenting information units in complex models is relevant. The article describes the transformation of the category of information units with the development of information sciences and technologies of their practical application. The article provides an empirical systematics of information units. It is noted that the complementary system of information units, bound by the rules of syntax, sets the information language. Semantic information units that serve as the basis for the interpretation and transfer of knowledge are described. The examples show the directions of application of semantic information units depending on the nature of the object being modeled.

Annotation: As a rule, enlightenment means scientific enlightenment. However, it is quite possible to talk about other types of enlightenment, including philosophical and religious enlightenment. After the revolution of 1917–1921 in Russia, the Church was separated from the state, and religious education and education – from the school, education and enlightenment in which began to have a purely scientific character. As a result, over several decades of the existence of the Soviet secularist or secular state and education, a certain skew has formed in the ratio of scientific and religious public education: if in the field of scientific education there is a real acquaintance of a person with the basic scientific concepts, ideas, theories and pictures of the world, then in the field of religious education – instead of acquaintance with real religious ideas – a person is offered, as a rule, caricature interpretations of them. This leads to an unjustified representation of the correlation and interaction of science and religion as hostile and contradictory views on the world and man, which becomes one of the destabilizing factors in the development of modern Russian society. The object of the study is the correlation and interaction of scientific and religious public enlightenment and education. The subject of the study is a distorted view of the antagonism of scientific and religious ideas about the world and man. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the position not only about the absence of this antagonism and the peaceful coexistence of science and religion, but also about their complementarity. The research methods are empirical generalization, deductively and inductively organized conclusions, conclusions by analogy, abstraction, idealization, thought experiment and comparative analysis. The result of the work and one of its conclusions is the position according to which science and religion, by their nature, not only do not oppose each other and can peacefully coexist, but also complement each other, being equally necessary for both man and society; and the balance and harmonization of their relationships may fully be one of the essential factors of sustainable social development. The scope of application of the research results is educational multidimensional interactions in both secondary and higher education.

Annotation: The article reveals the main properties and features of spatial information. These features define the specifics of its processing. The systematics of spatial information models is given. The content of the spatial information model is revealed. The process of constructing a spatial model is presented as a reflection of a real object, which is located in a certain external environment and in a certain information situation. The mechanism of transition from one spatial model to another according to the principle of complication is shown. The types of auxiliary models that are used in the construction of a spatial model are described. Spatial metamodeling is described as a tool for generalizing and extracting knowledge. The principles of spatial modeling are outlined: the principle of “reflection of reality”, the methodological principle of isomorphism, the principle of complication of the spatial model. The systematics of the types of spatial modeling is given. The value of coordinate support in spatial modeling is shown. Modeling of the spatial information situation is described. It is noted that, taking into account the growing importance and expansion of the scope of spatial information, the development and modernization of methods of its processing is an urgent scientific direction and requires further research.

Annotation: This paper proposes a machine learning technique using game theory in the form of a hierarchical differencedifferential game of N+1 persons in a two-level decision-making system. The issues of machine learning based on nonlinear kernels are considered in relation to differential or difference-differential two-level cooperative games. It is proposed to use kernel proximity functions like Mercer kernels as potential learning functions at both levels of the differential hierarchical game. Due to the existence of a fixed point for this type of kernels, the learning algorithm will always converge to the solution of a differential hierarchical two-level game at the Nash equilibrium point. This makes it possible to obtain a sustainable learning algorithm. The paper shows that with the help of some nonlinear transformations of Mercer kernel functions of the radial basis type, it is possible to solve the classification problem for two classes using the method of potential functions. An example of applying the machine learning technique using the kernel approach and non-linear utility (preference functions) is shown. The results obtained can be used in the construction of mathematical models of hierarchical multilevel dynamical systems in order to study their properties.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of reforming the education system in the context of the concept of sustainable development. The applied aspects of the application and the possibility of implementing the postulates of sustainable development in educational practice are considered. It is noted that education is the foundation of the concept of sustainable development. The author applied a broad approach to the interpretation of education implemented within the framework of the concept of sustainable development. According to this approach, sustainability in education affects not only specialists in environmental areas, but all areas of university training, since the concept of sustainable development itself is much broader than the spectrum of nature protection issues and includes social, cultural, economic and other aspects of social development. It is noted that many countries of the world have been able to make significant progress in terms of the implementation of educational initiatives, while in Russia the idea of the sustainability of education remains on the periphery of the attention of researchers, politicians and the public. The ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development in the educational industry are considered.

Annotation: The issue of managing the IT architecture of an organization in the context of digital transformation is considererd in the paper. Digital transformation is a complex task that is associated with changing the information processes of an organization. In terms of complexity, digital transformation can be compared to continuous system restructuring. When developing a strategic information technology profile of an organization (IT profile), the task arises of assessing the effectiveness of its heterogeneous components and the profile as a whole. Based on the assessment results, the task of choosing the most preferred IT profile option from a variety of alternatives is solved. Due to the complexity of the formalized representation of a holistic model of the effectiveness of a strategic IT profile, it is often impossible to solve this problem using formal mathematical methods based on an accurate and adequate description of heterogeneous objects. To solve the problem under consideration, an approach is proposed using the apparatus of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic and a system of unified IT profile indicators. The proposed approach makes it possible to carry out quantitative and qualitative assessments of components and to obtain an integrated assessment of the alternatives being formed for the strategic IT profile of the organization and is aimed at reducing the risk of making inefficient project decisions.

Annotation: The article investigates the properties of semiotic signs in the information field. The analysis of the application of semiotics at the present time is given. The approach of F.D. Saussure and C.S. Peirce to the interpretation of semiotics is described. Three categories of C.S. Peirce are revealed in relation to the processes of semiosis or the functioning of signs in the information field. The similarity between an information unit and a semiotic sign is analyzed. It is shown that the information unit is a special case of a sign. The change of meaning when combining information units is shown. It is noted that information construction is permissible only within the framework of a given semiotic system. It is shown that signs acquire additional characteristics in the information field. Three functions of an information unit as a semiotic sign are introduced and revealed: signaling, causal and discriminant. An example of a simple semiotic system and a logical description of the information units of this system are given. The results of the study are aimed at developing the methodological foundations of semiotics in terms of the functioning of signs in the information field.

Annotation: The article describes the properties of dichotomous division and dichotomous analysis, their systematization and generalization are carried out in relation to the study of heterogeneous objects. The logical rules that are used in dichotomous division, allowing structural optimization, are described. The article describes a comparative dichotomous analysis based on qualitative division and qualitative comparison. Dichotomous analysis is considered as a method aimed at generating new knowledge. An important property of dichotomous analysis is highlighted – the possibility of dividing objects of the information field up to elements or information units. Such a property, combined with the logical rules implemented for the reference dichotomies occurring in the scientific theories of the studied problem, is considered as the core of the analytical knowledge base. A functional structure of the knowledge base is proposed based on information modeling procedures, logical rules for reference dichotomies, and comparative dichotomous analysis procedures. The proposed structure of the analytical knowledge base is a comprehensive tool for the study of heterogeneous objects.

Annotation: The paper compares two approaches to understanding and implementing digitalization of higher education – technocratic and anthropological ones. The one–dimensionality and riskiness of the technocratic approach, which is based on reducing the digitalization of higher education to informatization, is shown. Within the framework of the opposite – anthropological approach, the importance of the ideas of the new anthropology for overcoming the risks of dehumanization of higher education and depersonalization of educational subjects generated by technocracy, pragmatization, and the cult of the speed of change in universities is substantiated. The concept of “anthropopractics” and the anthropopractical principle of education are revealed. The principles of antireductionism, anthropocentrism and anti-technicism formed the methodological basis of the study, which allowed the author to present the anthropological essence of higher education as a space of practices of self-creation, human self-construction, auto-projecting, self-actualization. The results of the study can become a conceptual basis for overcoming technocracy and the implementation of multidimensional, multilevel anthropologically oriented digitalization processes in universities.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the development of methodological foundations in the field of information models creation. The need for a methodology for the forming of generalized models is due to the continuous increase in the number of new problems and the need to modify existing models. Modification of models within the framework of the methodology allows us to modify solutions to a known problem in order to solve a new one, rather than creating a new solution from scratch. The article formulates and reveals the general principles of creating models in the information field. The systematics of the principles of model forming is presented, which determines the basis for the construction of generalized information models. It is shown that general principles are used to find similarities, while particular principles are aimed at finding differences. A new term “morphological information modeling” is introduced. The categorical aspect and features of the selection of key indicators of generalized models are considered. Morphological methods of model forming and methods of model derivation, which are two types of technologies, are considered. The content of the relationship of proportionality between the object of study and its model is revealed as a necessary condition for the generalized models formation. The use of metamodeling for the forming of generalized information models is noted.

Annotation: The article investigates the likelihood of estimates of widespread relative hyperspectral vegetation indices. The issue of calculating the likelihood of estimates of relative vegetation indices is formulated in conditions when the implemented spectral estimates have a single probability distribution function, and the corresponding probabilistic indicators of these estimates are rigidly interconnected. A non-logarithmic likelihood function is introduced for consideration in relation to relative vegetation indices in which spectral estimates have a normal distribution law. It is determined that for known values of the mathematical expectation of the estimates of the corresponding spectral quantities, the newly introduced likelihood function has a characteristic minimum with a certain value of the coefficient of the relationship between the standard deviations of the used spectral estimates.

Annotation: The article reveals the features of system evolution and the transformation of the concept of emergence of complex systems. The principles of systems evolution are investigated. The characteristics of living systems are described from the standpoint of evolution. Models of evolving systems are described, their features such as recursion, aim variability, multi-purpose management, divisibility are highlighted. It is noted that structural modeling, latent analysis and the identification of implicit knowledge are important in the analysis of systems. It is shown that the evolution of systems can lead to the manifestation of emergence properties. The analysis of some points of view on the concept of emergence is given. The approach to the consideration of matter as a stratified entity that generates the emergence effect is analyzed. Intra-ordinary and trans-ordinary laws of the development and evolution of systems are analyzed. The systematization and generalization of scientific positions and points of view in the field of system evolution and emergence of complex systems is aimed at developing a methodological basis in this area of knowledge. This can become a platform for further scientific research.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the sources of stress of the modern urban environment in the representation of students and the definition of the main forms of deviant behavior using metaphor. In the modern social conditions of youth, more and more young people exhibit deviant behavior, often without realizing the consequences. Young people can be considered a particularly sensitive social group, subject to the negative impact of urban stress. Modern metropolises are changing rapidly, therefore additional research is required on the impact of their features on human activity and behavior. At the same time, ambiguous situations require the use of methods using ambiguous stimulus material, which does not limit the respondent’s choice with standard formulations, does not predetermine the situation of certainty. The aim of the study is to study the stressors of the modern urban environment in relation to the forms of deviant response to them among students using metaphorical associative maps (MAC). MAC-technique can act as a tool for identifying the susceptibility of representatives of student youth to various stress factors of the urban environment, as well as for subsequent identification of predisposition to a particular type of deviant response as a negative coping with urban stress. The study was conducted based on a qualitative methodology within the framework of the focus group procedure using the MAC tool. The results obtained during the study were processed by methods of frequency analysis and content analysis. As a result, the most typical stressors of the urban environment were identified, projected by representatives of student youth when working with the incentive material of the MAC. The specific negative coping strategies, which are a typical response to the stressful impact of urban environment factors, are also identified and systematized.

Annotation: The article describes the essence of education for sustainable development as a new model of the evolution of human civilization. The need for such a model arose due to the crisis situation in the interaction of nature and society, with the emergence of global problems and especially environmental ones. The article analyzes various approaches to understanding the essence of sustainable development, defines the role of education in this process, the need to improve the educational process based on humanistic values. Ecological ethics and the ethics of non-violence are considered as fundamental axiological foundations of education for sustainable development. It is argued that ethically-oriented education ensures the transition to sustainable development and subsequent new civilizational forms that guarantee the survival and safe existence of mankind. The significance of the new model of education for the forming of a sustainable worldview of future generations of people focused on the harmonious coexistence of nature, society and man is substantiated.

Annotation: The article explores the algorithms that are used in the field of education when testing students. It is shown that special algorithms are used for testing systems, which can represent a cognition tool and a knowledge assessment tool. It is shown that the algorithm can serve to describe the patterns of the surrounding world. The general description of algorithms is an information structure. The relationship between the algorithm and the information field is shown. The systematics of algorithms in relation to testing tasks is given. The aspects of complexity, resource use, structure and sequence of actions are considered. Schemes of algorithms of different types are given. The article describes a trinitarian model of the algorithm, which can serve as the basis for describing the algorithm as an object of cognition. The properties of the cognitive model of the algorithm are considered. The article introduces a new characteristic of the algorithm – “algorithm cognitiveness”, which is important and necessary when creating testing algorithms. The cognitiveness of the testing algorithm is characterized by a number of factors: test perception, reception, perception and apperception by students of the testing task. The obtained research results can be used to create a model of an intelligent testing system for students.

Annotation: A study aimed at the development of scientific and methodological support of the electronic information and educational environment of the universityis presented in the paper, on the basis of which the main professional educational program (MPEP) is implemented. Attention is focused on the forming of universal competencies defined within the framework of federal state educational standards of higher education and characterizing the supra-professional competences of a specialist. The supra-professional competences of a specialist create the basis for his successful activity in the professional and social spheres. An empirical study and pedagogical experiment were conducted on the basis of the electronic information and educational environment of the Minin State Pedagogical University of Nizhny Novgorod (Minin University). Digital tools used in the project activities of students are considered in order to identify their didactic capabilities within the framework of the 09.03.02 training program «Information systems and technologies». The results obtained demonstrated that the organization of educational, project, research, extracurricular activities of students with the help of modern digital tools makes it possible to give the educational process a developing character, to form the necessary competencies and to prepare students for future professional activity. The results of the experiment can be used to assess the time of mastering the MPEP modules and to take these assessments into account in the work programs of disciplines, to improve the educational and methodological complexes and the material and technical base of the MPEP, as well as to expand the functional components of the electronic information and educational environment of the university.

Annotation: The article addresses the problem of finding new approaches to teaching English for Specific Purposes, since cross-cultural communication skills today are more in demand in the labor market than ever before. The purpose of this study is to describe an alternative model of teaching English to students of non-linguistic majors, which was implemented as part of an experimental international project with a special focus on the professional socialization of students in a competitive environment. The obtained results demonstrated that cross-border cooperation and focus on professional socialization in the process of teaching English accelerates the development of universal soft skills, immerses students in a quasi-professional environment, builds the foundation for their professional identity formation, enhances the importance of students’ personal competitiveness as a stimulating factor, and creates optimal conditions for the development of not only foreign language communicative competence, but also universal competencies that will be required from future graduates by employers.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is to substantiate the importance of pedagogical monitoring of students ‘ activities using digital technologies, namely, an electronic portfolio. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that an important issue of modern education is the development, testing and further implementation of a system for monitoring the quality of the educational process in universities. Pedagogical monitoring of students ‘ activities contributes to their academic and personal development, which is an integral component in the practice of acquiring general cultural and professional competencies. One of the tools of such monitoring is an electronic portfolio, which provides a visual representation of the competencies acquired by students and allows them to identify the individual trajectory of their creative development. Documented achievements of students are elements of a professional resume and may be of interest to potential employers. In this paper, an empirical study and a pedagogical experiment were conducted on the basis of the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after K. Minin. Based on the results of the conducted research, conclusions are drawn about the importance of the electronic portfolio as a new technology for evaluating not only the educational activities of students, but also their personal, socially significant and academic achievements.

Annotation: The article deals the issues of organizing learners’ autonomy in the process of online learning English. There are theoretically substantiated methods and techniques for enhancing learner autonomy in the online English language teaching system. The author considered such aspects of the topic as learner autonomy, the specifics of online English language teaching at a university. The described results of a scientific literature highlighting the main scientific concepts of modern researchers’ review allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of the learner autonomy in the process of online learning of the English language organization. Particular attention in the article is paid to the activation of the students’ motivational and semantic sphere for the development of autonomy in the online learning process. It was concluded that learner autonomy as a factor of effective online learning is ensured by specifically organized independent students’ activities which contributes the development their motivational and semantic area. It was based on the analysis’ results of pedagogical impact methods integration in the practice. The organization effectiveness of such an educational environment is implemented through the use of modern teaching aids that are available and meet the interests of students studying English.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is to present the results of a pilot study of the issue of perceived education quality. Higher education quality is one of the most discussed matters throughout the university history. Under market competition the quality issue is not solved and grows in significance since it is not always the main university competitive factor. According to the findings the study concludes about the need of renovating the questionnaire according to the selected quality criteria and clarify the goals namely the interdependence of the perceived education quality and satisfaction with education. In general the study shows that students of both state and nonstate universities put forward similar requirements of education quality. The perceived quality is based on such criteria as the quality of teaching staff professional training, practice organization, modern teaching methods and the taught processes and technologies relevant to present-day realities.

Annotation: The article combines scientific and pedagogical ideas about the situation of success as a source and method of developing the joy of educational work. As a conceptual basis for creating a situation of success, the following are proposed: the idea of tomorrow’s joy by A.S. Makarenko; the idea of the joy of knowing by V.A. Sukhomlinsky; the idea of the joy of cooperation by S.A. Amonashvili. On this basis, the situation of success is stated as the leading condition for the development of the joy of educational work. The article reveals the pedagogical content of the situation of success as an opportunity for the development of the joy of educational work, highlights the hidden and internal mechanisms of its creation in educational activities. It is shown that the situation of success is such pedagogical conditions in which a person always has the opportunity to achieve a personally significant educational result and evaluate it as successful, which is accompanied by a sense of joy. Without a sense of joy, there is no cognitive interest and desire to learn. A success situation is an opportunity to experience joy, which contributes to increased cognitive activity and learning motivation, as well as academic performance of students. The applied interpretation and illustration reflects the stages of possible joy in educational and pedagogical interaction, which turns into personal-developing cooperation. Based on the multidimensional nature of the situation of success, we have built and supplemented the classification of its types and presented the author’s pedagogical technology of its creation in educational activities.

Annotation: The method of identifying implicit knowledge in the information field is considered in the article. The information field is presented as a reflection and carrier of implicit knowledge. The information field is defined as a system. The features of implicit knowledge and the mechanism of transferring implicit knowledge into the information field are revealed. It is noted that comparative analysis and selective analysis of the information field creates the possibility of extracting implicit knowledge. A new concept of «latent information situation» is introduced in the article. A method of constructing a latent information situation and its gradual transformation into an explicit information situation is proposed. An explicit information situation creates explicit knowledge. A topological method of obtaining explicit knowledge from implicit knowledge is described in the article. A comparison of the statistical method and the latent method is presented. The proposed method of implicit knowledge extraction in the information field is based on the application of the principles of system analysis. This makes it possible to use system-structural methods to describe the object of research and to form a system of knowledge. The proposed method of extracting implicit knowledge in the information field can be used to improve the efficiency of scalable algorithms with big data.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the study of the use of reflection in pedagogical practice when organizing students' independent work. Reflection can be defined as a process aimed at making sense of their actions, which allows learners to stop and reflect on what is happening in their educational space. This study is a theoretical analysis of the existing premises about the meaning and role of student reflection in education. Based on the results of the analysis, it is postulated that reflection can naturally intensify the interaction of students with educational material, deepen understanding of the topic and strengthen independent thinking, and thereby create an effective learning environment. This work substantiates reflexive practice as a combination of four main components: description of experience; experience analysis; creation of new meanings and concepts; actions to change behavior. The perspective of the development of reflection through writing a reflective diary is also discussed, the contribution to the awareness of students of reflective writing as a means of self-development is considered. Possible options for practical work with a reflective diary in the study of the disciplines of the humanitarian cycle are proposed.

Annotation: The article deals with the potential of applying web quest technology in teaching English at a modern university. It analyzes the advantages of information technologies` employing in educational process. The article justifies the necessity of applying web quest technology in teaching a foreign language as it contributes to solving a number of important tasks: organization of independent and group activities of students, development of critical and analytical thinking, activization of all types of speech activities. The author presents her own web quest used in English lessons, contributing to the development of linguistic, cognitive and communicative skills of students.

Annotation: In scientific work and teaching, historians often face with the problem of contradictory points of view contained in various historical records. The main purpose of the researcher is to work on separating genuine historical facts from fictional ones and not allowing the subjective value judgments of contemporaries to misrepresent objective historical reality. One of the most important research methods is the method of comparative analysis of historical records, which is used to perform such task. The use of this method is obligatory for the reconstruction of events related to political conflicts, when the researcher has at his disposal the facts left by representatives of the opposing sides. An example of the implementation of this method can be the records of the XVII century relating to the events of the Time of Troubles, in particular, the siege of the Holy Trinity St. Sergius Monastery. The subject of the research of this paper are such documents as the Legend of Avraamy Palitsyn and the Diary of Jan Sapieha. The purpose of the work is to compare information from the mentioned records and restore the course of real events. In addition to comparative analysis of historical records, chronological and narrative methods were used as key methods of work. In conclusion, work results are drawn about the degree of reliability of the records studied and the facts contained in them. The materials of the paper are of a historical and local history nature and can be used as part of teaching the discipline «History of Russia» on the topic of the Time of Troubles in Russia in the early XVII century.

Annotation: Self-upbringing as a university education method seems to be the most relevant in the age of rapid IT and distant learning development. The study aims at working out a conceptual approach to students’ self-upbringing under modern educational realities. The article reveals the necessary psychological basis on which self- upbringing as professional’s psychological quality is based. The article highlights principles and tasks of self-upbringing technology on DIY example (by G.K. Selevko). It can be used by distant learning students. The article points out the need for this implementation with help of algorithmic and mathematical models of distant learning parameters and assessing the student’s competencies at a given level and other formalized methods of increasing the creative students’ potential as well. The article highlights the criteria of successful development of self-upbringing as a psychological quality. The obtained research results can be applied in solving the issue of achieving a synergistic effect in distant learning.

Annotation: На фоне усиливающейся коммерциализации системы высшего образования необходима разработка действующих стратегий по привлечению потенциальных абитуриентов в вузы и презентации широкому кругу потребителей комплекса образовательных услуг. Если теория журналистики необходима для формирования базовых принципов журналистской деятельности, то медиаобразование помогает осознать как эта деятельность и продукт этой деятельности интегрируются коммуникативными процессами в обществе. Поэтому целью статьи является анализ медиатехнологий на этапе подготовки абитуриентов в выборе творческой специальности, к которой принадлежит профессия журналист. Кафедра журналистики ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет им. Н.П. Огарёва», отслеживая и анализируя актуальные вопросы современной концепции медиаобразования, с 2007 г. организовала и внедрила в практику своей работы «Школу молодого журналиста», служащую экспериментальной площадкой апробации медиаресурсов. Материалы статьи демонстрируют направления профориентационной работы кафедры, в частности, и вуза в целом.

Annotation: The study is devoted to topical issues of discourse. The thematic focus of pandemia orientation is given as an example. Of great importance is the choice of the methodological orientation of the problem coverage for the objectification of the results obtained. Within the framework of the research article the essence of the strategy and tactics for the application of the methodological component of the discourse texts analysis is indicated. The purpose of the study is to determine the most essential combination of methods for an integrated study of the discourse of pandemia thematic orientation. The research methodology reflects the methods of content analysis (of content and structural character), intent analysis, and discourse analysis, the combination of which is an objective basis for a comprehensive study and understanding of the discourse of pandemia thematic orientation. This makes it possible to carry out a pragmatic description of the texts of pandemia thematic orientation on the basis of linguistic representation. The results of the study consist in developing a combination of compatible methods for an adequate assessment of the texts of pandemia thematic orientation.

Annotation: A modern higher school trains specialists capable of working in a wide range of economics. However, this does not apply to narrowly focused creative specialties, including film and telefilm directing. In accordance with the current education system, it is assumed that the graduate will immediately begin working on a full-length film as a production director. However, changes in the labor market in this area at the present dictate other conditions. It is almost impossible for a young specialist to get into a film studio system for a managerial position. The learning route for the specialty 55.05.01, namely the course that the author reads to students – «Director of feature films and TV movies», needs to be rebuilt to meet the broader demands of the labor market in the field of video production, multimedia, mass media, advertising, events, etc. The lack of willingness on the part of teachers to show students related areas of directing leads to the inability of students to work in any field other than film. As a consequence, this leads to the appearance of self-taught people in directing positions in related industries, the birth of a depressive-marginal stratum of society from unclaimed graduates, a decrease in product quality. The paper highlights the most important aspects of directing, recommended for study by first-year students, based on the current conditions of the functioning of the media space.

Annotation: Learning independence is one of social requirements for university graduates. Its essence is students’ personal learning interest, mastering educational activities and striving for self-education. At the same time traditional teaching methods and means in the context of modern higher education realities are insufficient to meet this requirement. The author proposes RAFT technology as an innovative means of forming learning independence. Its main emphasis is increasing the proportion of students’ independence and their personal meanings formation. This technology is analyzed on the example of Pedagogy classes held at Altai State Pedagogical University (Barnaul). The author comes to conclusion about increasing students’ motivation, their involvement in educational activities and development of cognitive processes necessary for further self-improvement and self-organization by means of creation of texts supposed in this technology.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the role and place of museum pedagogy as a scientific discipline in the educational system. The article reveals the content and approaches to museum pedagogy, taking into account its interdisciplinary nature, using the example of museums of educational institutions. The role of museums in the education of students is considered on the example of educational institutions of Kazan as part of the general urban cultural space. It is noted that the museums of educational institutions as part of the museum space of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan are a phenomenon of national culture and education. Attention is drawn to the specifics of school museums, their role as centers of patriotic education and personal development. The main approaches to museum pedagogy as a scientific discipline at the intersection of museology, pedagogy and psychology, which considers the museum as an educational system, are analyzed. On concrete examples of museums of educational institutions of the city of It is emphasized that museum pedagogy as an integrative and qualitatively new sphere of educational activity can be considered as an innovative pedagogical technology. As a conclusion, it is noted that museums of all profiles solve important pedagogical tasks, being the most accessible cultural institutions for students.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the issue of improving the effectiveness of educational activities of students studying with the use of distance educational technologies. The aim of the work is to study the possibilities of implementing a student-centered approach, focused on their interests and students ‘ capabilities, in the context of learning mediated by computer technologies. The ultimate goal of this approach is to develop the autonomy and independence of students who are responsible for their own learning outcomes. The paper shows the advantages of the student-centered approach, lists the main principles of student-centered learning. The tasks facing the student who independently manages educational activities in the conditions of the digital educational space are listed. The strategy of organizing the joint work of the teacher and students proposed in the article is aimed at providing each student with the opportunity to take a direct part in determining the principles and rules of joint educational activities. The article presents pedagogical techniques that allow organizing training centered on the interests and opportunities of students in the digital educational space.

Annotation: Human potential is a significant factor affecting economy competitiveness. It’s especially important to focus on forming youth’s human potential as an innovative resource of social development. The purpose of this article is to analyze the opportunities of youth’s human potential development in the context of SMART-education concept. We present the key aspects of this approach in particular related to the development of SMART-competencies. The research is based on the findings of the experiment conducted by VRC of RAS in 2020. It shoes that on average the SMART-competencies in the experimental and control groups are at an autonomous level with prospects of a strategic one. The author proposes a list of the basic directions that would help to develop individual components of SMART-competencies and indicates their possible contribution to human potential formation. The paper concludes with the need to create a favorable environment that promotes the development of students’ abilities and outlines the areas for further studies.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the development of methodological techniques in the formation of individual figurative expressiveness among students of choreographic art. The relevance of the study is due to the need for constant improvement of the methodology for the formation of figurative expressiveness in students on the basis of a scientific analysis of the generalized pedagogical experience and the characteristics of modern dance. The research methods are general logical methods (analysis and synthesis), as well as the idiographic method designed to emphasize the characteristic features of modern dance. The article discusses the methods, techniques and means of choreographic art used in teaching the dancer's performing skills. The analysis of the choreographic aspects of the content of the individual figurative expressiveness of the modern dancer is carried out, scientific and methodological recommendations for its implementation in students are formulated. The significant role of the teacher-choreographer in the acquisition of the dancer's performing skills is noted, since it is he who contributes to the development of the style of performance and expressiveness of plastic. Scientific and methodological recommendations have been formulated that make it possible to increase the effectiveness of teaching modern dance and contribute to the disclosure of the potential of students in the field of choreographic art.

Annotation: The paper focuses on didactic aspects of the implementation of gamification, one of the most promising directions in modern educational process. In teaching methodology, gamification is viewed as an educational game, in which the participants follow the rules previously agreed by the teacher. As a rule, these kinds of games are auxiliary tools and an addition to traditional teaching methods. As a technology for adapting playing to non-gaming processes, including teaching a foreign language, gamification has a long history of development due to the fact that game is a natural way of learning. We have analyzed the history of the development of educational computer games, identified the requirements that an effective game must meet, and also presented the games we use when teaching a foreign language to future engineers. The findings have shown that gamification has high didactic potential. The rational exploitation of the game elements in the educational process has a positive effect on the students’ motivation, provides instant feedback, records the learning progress and confirms the mastery of the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities. On the other hand, gamification has certain shortcomings, which are also listed in the paper.

Annotation: The period of adaptation of freshmen to the university environment is a difficult period in their lives, associated with the restructuring of the usual social and interpersonal relationships that developed during schooling. Finding themselves in new conditions, freshmen initially find themselves in a situation of uncertainty, which imposes a limitation on the ability to use past experience. A higher educational institution with new requirements and tasks, as well as new student groups that are just beginning to form, present new requirements that cause changes in the emotional sphere of students associated with an increase in the level of anxiety and the inclusion of adaptive mechanisms. In the study considered in this work, as a result of psychodiagnostics using the technique of L.N. Grosheva “Social fears” the most pronounced experiences of freshmen in the period of adaptation to the conditions of the university were revealed. During the analysis of the results obtained, it was possible to determine that for freshmen the most relevant are the experiences associated with the formation of their new status in the newly created team and loss of the previous interpersonal relations.

Annotation: The article examines transformations in the geoinformation field. Morphism in the geoinformation field is considered as a generalization of many transformations. The difference between transformation in the field and information interaction is shown. The concept of “geoinformation field” is introduced as a derivation of the concept of an information field. The article reveals the content of the geoinformation field, which is located in real space and in which the following operations and functions are performed: detection, fixation and measurement of physical and spatial characteristics, as well as the collection of semantic information about the objects of research. The similarity between the information field and the geoinformation field is shown, their fundamental difference in relation to the coordinate space is noted. Morphism in the geoinformation field is considered as a generalization of transformations. The concept of morphism is considered in relation to the theory of categories. It is shown that morphism in the geoinformation field is a means of formal description and generalization of a number of information and geoinformation processes. Examples of morphisms in the geoinformation field and categories in the geoinformation field are given

Annotation: Incremental educational technologies and educational algorithms are discussed in the paper. The concept of «education algorithm» is introduced and its content is revealed. From the standpoint of informatics, learning is understood as information impact and interaction. It is shown that the learning algorithm differs significantly from computational algorithms. The analysis of the conceptual schemes of the lecture-seminar and incremental teaching methods was carried out. The system aspects of learning algorithms are considered, the system principles of their construction are highlighted. It is noted that the student’s intellectual abilities affect the result of incremental learning. It is shown that incremental learning can be considered as resource learning, group incremental learning can create an emergence effect. This gives reason to consider such training as synergistic. The paper reveals the content of information educational resources from the point of view of incremental learning. These resources include informational, cognitive and intellectual components. Structural models show the difference between the activities of the teacher in the lecture-seminary and incremental teaching methods, as well as the difference in learning results in terms of the resource approach.

Annotation: The article describes the main forms of aggression and identifies the means of physical culture and sports that can be used to prevent various manifestations of aggressive behavior of students. The “Bass – Darky” technique allowed the author to identify the level of manifestation of typical forms of aggressive behavior, such as: physical, indirect, verbal aggression, negativism and irritation, as well as to characterize the increasing degree of feelings such as resentment and suspicion. The study was conducted on the basis of the Moscow Witte University. The survey involved 100 full-time students of the Faculty of Law, Economics and the Faculty of Information Technology. Analysis of the results of this survey shows that active physical education and sports have a positive effect on reducing the level of destructiveness and aggression of students. The results of this study can become the basis for the development of recommendations for universities, taking into account the fact that physical education and sports should be aimed not only at improving the health and improvement of the physical body, but also at correcting the personality.

Annotation: The article bears methodological character and aims at critical description of non-formal educational practice. The matter of research is linguo-educational process. The article views contemporary approach of teaching a foreign language without a textbook that is suggested by a number of practicing teachers for bringing into practice due to developing international online-communications in education (including online-trainings). It also reveals the peculiarities of doing without a textbook as the main didactic means in teaching foreign languages. The relevance and appropriateness of such an approach are estimated. Particular attention is paid to pros-andcons analysis. It comes to the conclusion that such practice can be applied only for local pedagogical goals.

Annotation: The article examines the properties of information needs of subjects and ways of representing them in the information field. A social system or a person are subjects of the information field and have information needs. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop scientific and methodological foundations for building information models of the needs of subjects. The article examines various types of needs and highlights their characteristic features. Highlighted the universal mechanisms of the emergence of needs: signal, motivational, implementation, evaluative. The content of these mechanisms is revealed. Three variants of the definition of the concept of "information need" are given, the features of their reflection in the information field are revealed. The presence of the law of increasing information needs is shown. The conditions for satisfying the needs and information needs have been determined. The content of the concept "need for information resources" is revealed. It is shown that the resource is a necessary factor in meeting the demand.

Annotation: This article discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of the legal consciousness of future lawyers at the university. Legal awareness plays a constructive role as a regulator and analyzer in the formation of personal legal consciousness, and ultimately, the entire legal culture of the individual. Based on the theoretical analysis of the scientific literature, the authors reveal the main approaches to the essence of the concepts of “legal awareness” and “professional readiness”. The results of the empirical study reflect the dynamics of the development of legal awareness, which is caused by a change in the attitude to the norms and rules of public life through the development of professional subjectivity and self-awareness in the profession. The process of increasing the subjective position of students is characterized by a creative, actively selective attitude to their chosen profession and their fate. It is established that the process of forming the readiness of future lawyers to work in law enforcement agencies is aimed at creating conditions for high-quality professional training at the university, which is based on the subjective position of students, their personal resource (competence, legal awareness, legal culture). The conditions of students professional training are justified: the personal significance of legal education as a necessary component of their professional competence and its relevance in society; integration, unity and complementarity of state and regional interests in the content and structure of legal education; educational and methodological support of the educational process in relation to the areas of professional activity of subjects of legal practice; monitoring, which allows to diagnose the formation of students’ competencies, model and predict the pedagogical process, make management decisions on its correction, promote the intellectual and moral development of the student’s personality and his professional self-determination.

Annotation: The article explores the semantics of visual models. The process of representation of images in the information and cognitive field in the form of a visual model is considered. The difference between the transformation of the image and its interpretation through informational and cognitive channels is shown. New concepts, such as «semantics of visual models», «visual figurative models», «visual geometric models», are introduced. These concepts allow us to reveal the process of converting images into visual models of different types more fully and accurately. The content of «visual figurative models», «visual geometric models» is revealed. It is shown that the visual geometric model plays the role of a map for visual figurative models and can connect them. This gives reason to use a series of images of different densities in processing for a better study of the details of the investigated object. Examples show that in addition to real images, visual models can reflect something that does not exist in nature in the form of images. The proposed semantic approach to the creation of visual models expands the methods of their analysis not only in diagnostics, but also in the processing of various images.

Annotation: This article suggests a continuation method for a video-sequence by means of hierarchical recurrent neural networks. The method is based on the information about the visual and semantic properties of video-scenes obtained fr om the video and its previously known data. The article presents algorithms for identifying the visual and semantic properties of video- scenes and an algorithm for extending the video sequence as well. It describes the result of the method and demonstrates its worth. It also describes possible scenarios its usage. The method can be used for recommending short video clips and films. As a result a set of videos is obtained wh ere each element is close to the initial selection in terms of the selected properties.

Annotation: This article is devoted to the problem of decision-making by an individual, taking into account his attitude to risk. It is assumed that the behavior of the individual obeys certain laws. This assumption allows the use of quantitative decision-making methods based on the use of convex programming methods. When solving optimization problems, risk indicators have a decisive influence on the value of the objective function. The properties of the utility function are considered in the neoclassical approximation. The most important property of such functions is their concavity (convexity) over the entire domain of definition. The characteristics of concavity are formulated: through the second derivative, through the chord and through the tangent. The options for measuring risk aversion and the corresponding paths for finding the extremum of the expected utility function are considered. The initial premise of the analysis is the axiom that the individual's actions are always aimed at achieving the maximum of his individual utility function. The conclusion is made about the influence of risk aversion on the choice of an individual.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is build a theoretical model of automatic connection of various departmental managerial lists. The topic of the article is relevant for organizing interagency cooperation in terms of data exchange. Basing on the framework (common part) of management lists the article provides formal definitions of atomic and structured management lists with atomic and linguistic attributes. The latter are an extension of the relations introduced by Edgar Codd. The article also views the compatibility signs of such lists. It uses such a research method as logical categorization of management lists from simple to complex ones. The formal definitions of homogeneous and structured lists considered in the article containing atomic and linguistic attributes as well as signs of their compatibility can form the basis for the development of standards for automated data exchange between information systems. In particular the definitions of homogeneous and structured lists can be used in the development of exchange formats and for data exchange services between various information systems as well.

Annotation: The state and development of infology, which represents the science of information as a phenomenon in all types of society activities is considered in the article. The key issue of infology is people training in working with information in the most productive way. The basic triad of infology is highlighted, on which all reasoning is built. The basic triad includes an information field, information objects, information units. The information field is a reflection of the real world and connects disparate information objects into a single model. Infological categories are highlighted within the information field, which emerge when solving scientific, engineering and educational problems. An information object is a generalized concept that includes information models, information situations, information constructions, information metamodels. Information units are represented as indivisible elements of an information object and an information field. They allow us to conduct the structuring of information objects and form an information description of the world view. The situations of a semantic gap in the information field as a result of the implementation of contradictory categories in the display of the objects under study or the emergence of new objects of the real world are considered. The conceptual foundations of infology in the elimination of semantic gaps are revealed. In general, the aim of the article is systematization of the basic concepts and categories of ontology as a science and as practice within a rapidly developing field of information activity.

Annotation: The article deals with the method of comparative assessment of group performance of students on the basis of specially developed characteristics. The methodology is intended for comparative analysis of the results of the activities of different groups within the same educational institution. In this paper, we propose a new type of sigmoid function, which is called the academic performance function. The arguments of the academic performance function are positive values. In fact, these arguments are related to the number of students in the group and the grades received. The special characteristics of the proposed methodology are the efficiency function and the integral evaluation of the test results. The method of comparative assessment of group performance of students using the proposed performance function is an alternative to the Rasch model. In practical application for teaching staff, the method is less time-consuming, which is demonstrated by practical examples. The method is described and the results of experimental evaluation using this method are presented. The conditions for using the method are described.

Annotation: The article examines the problem of creating and developing a comprehensive system of industrial environmental monitoring. The complexity of the problem lies in the presence of uncertainty in solving the problems of assessing and forecasting the environmental situation. The complexity of the structure and functionality of heterogeneous industrial environmental monitoring systems is shown, the relevance of modeling local systems at various levels is justified. Methods of mathematical support of software complexes of industrial environmental monitoring systems are investigated, characteristic features are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the methods used in the models allowed us to conclude that in certain cases, some of the methods cannot be used, some will require adaptation to a given object by empirically refining the coefficients of the equations underlying the method. Another group of methods is singled out, which does not take into account the geographical specifics of the area or, taking it into account, gives significant calculation errors commensurate with the initial values of concentrations. To solve the problem of leveling these shortcomings, an information model for modeling and monitoring the environmental situation is proposed. Recommendations are formulated for the creation and development of local industrial environmental monitoring systems based on improving numerical modeling methods, strengthening integration with enterprise information system platforms, expanding the functionality of remote data transmission, strengthening the analytical functionality of software tools.

Annotation: The article takes into cognizance the historical creation and evolution of the European Parliament Institute in the second half of the XX – and early XXI centuries. This pertinence is justified by the steady increase in the value of this structure in, the system of European Union bodies, despite the fact, that the European Union, which consist of 27 countries, currently considers itself to be one of the major centers of a multi-polar world. The purpose of the article is to identify the stages of formation of this structure, transformation of its values and functions over the past 70 years. Document analysis and the comparative historical methods were used as the key rules of work. The article provides an overview of the key powers of the European Parliament, shows their changes under the influence of the development of Western European integration. Attention is paid to the gradual expansion of the controlling functions of the EP, the transition first from consultative powers to deliberative and, finally, to legislative ones. The article analyzes the provisions of the Rome, Maastricht, Amsterdam, Lisbon treaties, the Single European Act, the Nice Treaty. On the basis of their position, the four stages of development of the European Parliament are substantiated, indicating the characteristic processes and innovations.

Annotation: The problems that caused the need for the development of case computing are considered in the paper. Alternative paradigms to classical computing have emerged: situational (technical) and neuromorphic (biological), as well as their combination. An alternative paradigm of information processing has appeared, based on modeling brain activity. Biosimilars of computational procedures are considered in the article and compared with situational information processing. It is shown that all biosimilars are case algorithms. Different types of computing and computing systems are considered, the directions of development of situational computing are highlighted. A model of a situation reflecting a change in the external environment for the simulated object, and a model of a computational situation reflecting the process of computing management or case computing are described in the article. The analysis of methods of case information processing based on biosimilars is presented in the article. It is shown that state of the art computing in complex situations should include computing control functions. This is confirmed by parallel and distributed computing systems. It is noted that biosimilars as case calculations are necessary in embedded systems and in cyber-physical systems with a large number of sensors and effectors.

Annotation: The article explores metamodeling and situational metamodeling in the information field. It introduces a new concept of situational metamodeling. It shows the mechanism of object and situations transforming into an information field. It also shows the difference between an object model and an information situation model and between an object metamodel and an information situation metamodel. The author shows similarities and differences between a metamodel and an information structure model in an information field. An information situation metamodel is the most informative in comparison with the listed models and metamodels. Situational metamodeling based on information morphism transforms sets of model parameters into functional dependencies of the metamodel, which is the main benefit of metamodeling. Situational metamodeling allows us to draw the function of latent parameters and on this basis reveals implicit knowledge. The article shows information units as the unifying factor between models and metamodels. Information units are elements of the information field. Situational metamodeling makes it possible to identify the patterns of the information field. The patterns of an information field make it possible to identify patterns of the external environment. Situational metamodeling is a tool for learning and gaining new knowledge.

Annotation: The article explores synergetics in the information field as a tool for modeling complex real objects and processes. A new concept of “information synergetics” is given, its theoretical and practical significance for the study of systems is revealed. The analysis of the properties and features of information synergetics in comparison with general synergetics as an interdisciplinary field of science studying dynamics and self-organization in open systems is carried out. Two model representations of synergetic processes are distinguished. The first model representation describes real processes related to the synergetics of real space. The second model representation describes the information processes occurring in the information field. Model representations are considered in the context of a unifying approach – a synergetic approach to assessing the states and properties of the system. The scheme of structural elements of information synergetics, which forms the basis for the systemology of solutions for overcoming information chaos by information methods, is given. The application of information synergetics on the example of mechatronics is considered.

Annotation: The study, aimed at the conduction of a system-information analysis of the management of labour protection training at the enterprise, is presented in the paper. The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the fact that training workers and managers in safe work practices, labour protection requirements, first aid for those injured at work is an effective tool for reducing occupational injuries and occupational diseases. The author used such research methods as dialectical, systemic, comparative-analytical and cognitive modeling. The main results of the study are the information model of labour protection training at the enterprise, which provides a comprehensive and multifunctional management approach; systematization of factors-concepts that influence the organization of the process of labour protection training management at the enterprise; the developed model of personnel training management in labour protection in the form of a fuzzy cognitive map. The information model of the labour protection training system is unified by taking into account relevant factors and unifying the educational process. This model can be used in labour protection training systems at various enterprises.

Annotation: The academic discipline «Philosophy», as a rule, is studied in both secondary and higher educational institutions, regardless of the specialty or direction of training.What is the role and significance of philosophy as an academic discipline in the content of secondary and higher education? Why and why do students need or can study it? How philosophical knowledge can be related to the professional and private life of a graduate of a university or college. Can the study of philosophy influence the formation of a person’s worldview position? If it can, then at least the student should understand what the philosophy course is about. If he does not understand anything, or he sees that philosophy is a dry and abstract wisdom that has nothing to do with him and his life, then its study is a completely meaningless occupation, a waste of time and effort. The article attempts to show how the study of philosophy, first, is connected with human problems, questions, desires, expectations, hopes and the formation of a person’s worldview, and, secondly, how to teach philosophy in such a way that students see that it is not at all disconnected from life, but has a very direct relationship to them. The authors try to reveal both the first and the second by the example of studying such an important element, or section of the philosophical field of knowledge, as the «main question of philosophy» and the opposing worldview positions and systems of human life navigation associated with its solutions.

Annotation: In the second part of the work, attention is focused on the fundamental differences between the educational process and any other form of social production. The very specifics of the educational process, in which the process of information influence on thinking takes place, is associated with the most complex dialectic of the interaction of information and thinking. The paper considers the qualitative differences between information and knowledge, analyzes their system characteristics. Examples of the features of the work of modern students with digital technologies are presented. The main factors leading to a sharp decline in the quality of education in higher education are analyzed. In conclusion, the conclusions and recommendations on overcoming the identified negative trends in education related to the costs of digitalization of the educational process are presented.

Annotation: The article explores “complex system” concept evolution in the aspect of systems theory development. The article shows that like cybernetics the modern systems theory has developed significantly. It requires a new approach to considering complex system concept. The article shows that while the original complex system concept posed the task of its formal description the modern one does a number of additional tasks. Basing on the signature of systems conceptual representation the article shows a consistent change in properties and expansion of functionality as the elements of cognition are applied. It is shown that at present the complex system concept from an abstract or technical form gets a complex aspect taking into account many factors including the cognitive one. It is noted that a simplified description of a complex system may have limited use so it is necessary to describe special features that reveal cognitive, organizational, resource and other factors that affect the result of the system’s activity and allow one to find causal relations between the system composition and the result.

Annotation: Many thinkers have tried to prove that we live in a simple world, yet man complicates it, but this is not the case. The world is complex independently of us. Firstly, there is a plethora of objects in the world, secondly, it is constantly changing and, thirdly, it is heterogeneous. Plurality, versatility and heterogeneity are already sufficient qualities to recognize the complexity of the world. Micro, macro and mega levels are challenging from the Big Bang itself. If we take social reality, then here we also observe a complication associated with the increase in the number of homo sapience on Earth. As demographic indicators grow, the level of competition increases, sustainable objects become hybrids, verity becomes post-truth, and the state of society becomes chaosmos. Purpose of the work: to present a methodology of complexity in a new technological order. Applied research methods: structural analysis, system analysis, factor analysis, synergetics. As a result of the conducted research, the following Results were obtained: 1) speed is considered as a factor of complexity; 2) the cognitive conditions of complexity are considered; 3) the adaptive capabilities of society to complexity are conceptualized as a new normality, representing the convergence of modern social processes while preserving identities and boundaries of interpretation.

Annotation: According to the methodology developed by the author, two one-parameter classes of integer sequences are introduced and investigated in the paper. The first class provides an interpolation between a sequence of powers of two and a sequence of Catalan numbers, and the second class provides an interpolation between a sequence of powers of two and a sequence of Bell numbers. In order to obtain various interpretations of the numbers of the considered classes, T-models and permutations by Lehmer codes are used. These interpretations are based on the recursive construction of sequences of numerical tables of a special kind defining T-models and the properties of permutations by Lehmer codes. The method used leads to simple algorithms for constructing two classes of permutation sets corresponding to the introduced classes of numerical sequences. On the basis of the obtained classes of permutation sets, it is also possible to set probability distributions. The representation of elements of the second class of numerical sequences using Stirling numbers of the second kind allows us to match the class of ordered partitions of sets into a certain number of blocks to the corresponding class of permutation sets. For the numbers of the studied classes of sequences, the relations for their q-analogues are obtained.

Annotation: The article describes the features of information interaction in a human-machine system. The structure and features of the human-machine system are described. It is shown that a significant difference between a man-machine system and other systems is the inclusion of human resources in its composition. Human participation and abilities affect the outcome of a human-machine system. The human-machine system is interpreted as an organizational technological information complex. The article shows the importance of information models and information technologies for human-machine systems. Two system models of a man-machine system are described: weakly formalized and formalized. The models complement each other. The article describes the significance of visual models for a human-machine system. Different types of information interactions are shown. The visual model allows information interaction in a human-machine system for a real situation. The importance of information units in the formation of information and visual models is described. The article describes the basic principles of information interaction in a human-machine system. The article compares the algorithmic information processing system and the man-machine system.

Annotation: Zen tradition, which is recorded in texts, and which is presently integrated into various spheres of human activity – philosophy, literature, art, psychology, – is considered in the current paper. Special attention is paid to the brief revision and systematization of texts on the example of translations and research of Doctor of Philosophy Yevgenia Vladimirovna Zavadskaya. The main ideas of Zen Buddhism are revealed in the works of the author, which can be an important support for the competent presentation and interpretation of this teaching in modern society, which connects Western culture and Zen Buddhism. This aspect can be seen in philosophy, literature and art, through which Zen penetrates the expanses of the West, and later the Soviet Union. The purpose of the investigation is to analyze the works of Ye. V. Zavadskaya as an attempt to predict the prospects for the development of cultures. The process of integrating Zen ideas into European culture is considered in the paper, which is considered as a springboard between humanitarian knowledge and the practical application of this knowledge. The main research methods are hermeneutical and dialectical.

Annotation: The article proposes a new technique for interpolating integer sequences. It is demonstrated on classes interpolating sequences between Catalan numbers and factorials and between Bell numbers and factorials as well. This technique is based on T-models and Lehmer permutations codes. T-models are specified recursively by sequences of special type numerical tables. It allows us to obtain algorithms for solving a number of emerging problems. Integer sequences correspond to T-models whereas sets of numbers (codes) of their elements are also constructed for the latter. Using this technique the article introduces the classes of generalized Catalan and Bell numbers, as well as their q-analogues. Their extension leads to the sequence interpolation problem solution. We also find the permutation classes corresponding to sequences and given by sets of Lehmer codes. This approach greatly simplifies the construction of permutation classes that were previously obtained in computer science articles by means of removing the permutations with given patterns.

Annotation: The information morphism as a key technology for creating a mixed reality is investigated. The content of mixed reality as a new educational technology is revealed. The similarities and differences between mixed reality, virtual reality, and augmented reality are shown. It is shown that mixed reality is realized by means of multimedia. The variety of information morphism as a technology of information interaction is revealed. The requirements necessary for the implementation of this technology are formulated. The transformation of a theoretical conceptual model in the information field into a model of information construction, which serves as the basis for building information models of objects and processes, is considered. Information models of processes and objects make it possible to build virtual reality. It is shown that mixed reality is constructed as a synthesis of virtual reality, information situation and spatial reality. The structure of interrelated information models of objects and processes in the construction of mixed reality is presented. The advantages of using mixed reality in the educational process are revealed due to the properties of variability, high adaptation to innovations, the possibility of presenting retrospective facts and models in the course of training.

Annotation: The object of the research is the professional activity of a University teacher, considered in the aspect of pedagogical skills as the reasons for cognitive interest and the level of internal motivation of students. The subject of the research is the specifics of the professional life of a University teacher as a scientific and pedagogical worker, which is directly related to the effectiveness and efficiency of his educational activities. The purpose of the research is to analyze the interaction of the scientific and pedagogical component of the professional activity of a University teacher – as the cause and source of the degree of effectiveness of his interaction with students and the level of their internal motivation. The research methods are observation, pedagogical experiment, empirical generalizations, comparative analysis, deductive inferences, inductive conclusions, inferences using the analogy of relations, idealization, thought experiment, division of the volume of concepts, classification operations and model schemes of volume relations between concepts. One of the points of theoretical and practical novelty of the research is the combination of trudnoobogatimogo in the activities of the teacher of high school: being a professional scholar and teacher, and also the following of a proposal for institutional replacement “series connection” of academic degrees and titles on the “parallel connection”. The “inverse proportionality” between the achievement of success by a higher school employee in the field of professional scientific activity and – in the field of pedagogical or teaching activities is emphasized.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the state and development of Russian portals, which form a networked educational space. Network educational space uses publicly resources and specialized resources. Publicly resources include numerous portals and dictionaries, including Wikipedia. These resources are distinguished by unreliable information. Specialized resources form information portals of state organizations and educational websites of educational institutions. The variety of sites and portals makes it difficult to use them as interconnected elements of the network educational space and requires their systematization. The network educational space in the work is considered as a distributed information system. A systematic approach and a systematic description makes it possible to formally represent a profile educational portal as a model of a complex system. The paper highlights the system-level factors that hinder the development of the networked educational space in accordance with international standards. The direction of elimination of these factors by modernizing individual mechanisms of the educational system and legal system is proposed. The direction is proposed as to how and what to look for when creating a networked educational space.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of using educational video clips in the framework of teaching professionally oriented vocabulary in the foreign language discipline in the university. To achieve this goal, the authors discuss general issues of blended learning and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the formation of professional competence. In addition, the authors provide the readers with the information about the results of the study based on the analysis of students’ opinion about the effectiveness of using video clips in the discipline of Foreign sources translation. The authors propose one of the variants of achieving this goal with the help of methodological recommendations how to use this kind of technology. In addition, the analysis of the students’ opinion about the effectiveness and difficulties they experience in working with this type of exercise are also presented in the paper. The authors pay special attention to those aspects that from the students’ point of view are the most attractive, and, accordingly, appeal to the motivational component of the process of teaching a foreign language for professional purposes.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is to justify the choice of web services for conducting distance classes in educational institutions during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that due to the sharp increase in the number of COVID-19 cases in 2020, almost all Russian educational institutions were forced to switch to remote learning, which in turn caused the need to search, master and integrate services for hosting web conferences into educational process. The work carried out an empirical study and a pedagogical experiment on the basis of the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. K. Minin. Based on the results of the research, the main provisions of the methodology for choosing web services for conducting classes in a distance format in educational institutions have been determined. The results of a survey of teachers of secondary and higher education institutions on the choice of the preferred web service and tools are described and interpreted. Conclusions are made about the advantages and disadvantages of web services for distance education available on the market; in accordance with different criteria, recommendations are given on the choice of a web service, taking into account the specifics of classes and educational institution.

Annotation: The article considers an example of using the concept of Ecole 42 school as one of the possible methodologies for the formation of General and General professional competencies for students who are studying middlelevel training programs at an economic University. The relevance of forming such General professional competencies as information search, analysis and application for solving professional tasks is explained by the tasks set by the Federal project “Personnel for the digital economy”. The application of the concept of this school in the implementation of the content of work programs of some General professional disciplines contributes to the development of analytical (in fact, research) abilities of students to interpret the selected information necessary for the implementation of tasks of future professional activity. Some examples of practical tasks in the author’s interpretation of the application of the chosen concept of General professional competence formation are given.

Annotation: The article is devoted the prospects of dominance of online education in relation to the traditional system of teaching in Russian universities. The preconditions of such changes are revealed, rooted, firstly, in the formation of the global information society, and secondly, in the needs dictated by the latter in a new type of employee with a fundamentally different from the established classical educational profile. The article is divided into two interrelated blocks: the first one analyzes the vector of movement of domestic universities to the dominant of online education. It analyses both the positive and possible negative aspects of this process, but emphasizes the steady increase in the scale of the changes taking place. The second section is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of Millennials as the main subjects and consumers of modern online education. In the final part, socio-cultural and technological recommendations are given, which, according to the author of the article, should mitigate the consequences of the transition to modern forms of University education for both the faculty and Russian students.

Annotation: This article is devoted to one of the main problems of modern educating system – the building of relationships between teachers and students. The aim of this study is to define the set of teacher’s competences necessary for establishing psychological relationships between students and teachers. Among the objectives of this article is the description of the most important teacher’s competences; their individual characteristics; identification of ways of to increase motivation in the study of a professionally oriented foreign language. Authors pay particular attention to the psychological conditions of educational process, define the important role of technical means of education which help to intensify the process of education, to increase the motivation of students to learning. The article discusses the methods and techniques of work which help the teacher to intensify students’ involvement in the process of learning in spite of certain particularities of their way of information perception thus helping them to achieve their educational goals successfully.

Annotation: The article addresses the problems that do not lose their relevance for teachers of Russian as a foreign language: effective development of speech skills, elimination of the imbalance between the formation of language and speech skills, effective use of professional texts. The purpose of the article is to develop a system of tasks for the complex formation of language and speech skills using the example of working with professional texts. The proposed system of tasks allows, based on the communicative-functional learning strategy, to activate speech activity. The proposed tasks are aimed at producing speech: dialogues, individual statements, coherent texts on professional topic. They simulate real educational and professional communicative situations. Performing them, the student does not go through the stages from passive reception of the text to the construction of his own statements, but immediately begins to work in a communicative mode.

Annotation: The article analyzes the state of information asymmetry in education and educational technologies. The article reveals the causes and types of information asymmetry presented in the form of relations between objects and subjects of the educational system. Categorical and inter-categorical information asymmetry are considered. The concept of information asymmetric situation is introduced. Emerging situations in the education system are classified into static and dynamic, which provides a basis for their analysis and evaluation on certain grounds. It is shown that information asymmetry in education can be eliminated in the learning process. The rules of formalized representation of various types of information asymmetry are described. The article reveals the principle of algorithmization of the learning quality assessment process, based on information asymmetry, on the part of both teachers and students. The article shows the possibility of information support for making managerial decisions on the organization of the educational process in the direction of its improvement.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to consider the socio-psychological aspects of the development of a student group. To achieve this goal, the authors reveal the main socio-psychological phenomena (social facilitation, inhibition, and others); factors that affect the effectiveness of educational activities in a student group: its size, composition, group norms, values, and motives. The stages of development of the group that are typical for each course of study at the University are described. The following research methods are used: theoretical research methods-analysis of primary sources and generalization of experience; empirical – questionnaires, testing, and interviewing. The results of the study of the index of group cohesion, resilience and the degree of satisfaction with educational activities in student groups are presented. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of satisfaction motives, which from the point of view of students are the most attractive and contribute to the achievement of educational goals.

Annotation: The increased importance of modern information and network technologies in all areas of our life involves the informatization of various processes in a university, including the new organization of the educational process. The interconnection of the processes of upbringing and the formation of an information culture often remains outside the scope of research, and computerization is considered only in the instrumental and technological aspect, not taking into account that through the educational space it is possible to carry out the necessary informational influence, forming motivation, a value-semantic cultural basis of youth, and a mechanism protection from information impacts on the human psyche – a property of “information stability”. Therefore, along with the traditional directions of upbringing, another direction of upbringing activity appears – the creation, maintenance and regulation of informational upbringing space. An important issue is the preservation of a harmonious combination of traditional means of education, direct forms of communication and new forms and methods associated with the use of information and telecommunication technologies.

Annotation: The article analyzes the concept of resilience as an integrative characteristic of a person who is responsible for success in overcoming life’s difficulties. The results of a study of the characteristics of the resilience of psychology students are presented, according to which the average level of resilience prevails among students according to the diagnostic scales of the S Maddy method: “involvement”, “control” and “risk taking”. Empirically proved the statistical relationship of the above indicators of vitality with the scales of the technique used to diagnose the self-attitude of the subject: the purpose and process of life, life, the effectiveness of life, internal and external loci of control (scales of LSS, D.A. Leontiev), openness, self-confidence, self-leadership, self-attitude , self-worth, self-acceptance, internal conflict and self-accusation (MIS scales, S.R. Pantileev), moral normativity, neuropsychic stability and communicative features (MLO-AM scales, A.G. Maklakov, S.V. Chermyanin). Based on the analysis of empirical relationships between the indicators of resilience and self diagnostic variables subject is shown that the indicators of resilience have a meaningful connection with handling their own lives and personal characteristics of the respondents.

Annotation: The widespread use of electronic educational resources and the increase in the value of an individualized approach in teaching have led to the interest in the application of the method of peer assessment in higher education. Peer assessment allows you to effectively involve students in checking work, develop their argumentation skills, critical thinking, independent decision-making, and also allows you to reduce the load on the teacher with a large number of educational works. This article describes the results of applying the method of peer assessment in training future managers within the discipline of Project Management. The results of a survey of students about the features, advantages and disadvantages of the method of peer assessment are described and interpreted. Conclusions are made about the significant didactic possibilities of the peer-to-peer assessment method in higher education, provided that the assessed tasks are of a heuristic or creative nature, the assessment procedures and criteria are worked out in advance and presented to the students.

Annotation: The paper is devoted to the analysis of the functioning of the causative verbs of the recommendation group in scientific speech based on the material of methodological articles of the journal “World of the Russian word” for 2015–2018. Causative verbs in the Russian language, as well as the semantic category of causativity, have been studied in the Russian linguistic literature since the 1980s, including at the level of candidate dissertations, but causative verbs in the scientific text have not yet been the subject of research. Thus, the relevance of studying causative verbs in a scientific text is due to the need for their systematic representation and identification of their functions in the language of science. The aim of this work is to study the system relations and functions of causative verbs in a scientific text. Out of 60 methodological articles, 216 uses of causative verbs (a total of 67 verbs) were identified by a continuous sampling method. The verbs of the Council group are described and commented on. It is concluded that causative verbs are used in all parts of methodological articles: introduction, main and conclusion. The most frequent use of verbs in the main part of the presentation of the study. In the course of the work, such methods as analytical, continuous sampling, data systematization, statistical, and functional analysis of the language of scientific articles were used.

Annotation: The aim of this research was to find new methods of education of managers who would be able to take responsibility in making managerial decisions, and who would have qualities relevant today, such as the ability to act in conditions of uncertainty, with a shortage of resources, and in crisis conditions. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that modern managers are not always ready to be responsible for decisions they take. Traditional and innovative methods of training managers are discussed in the article, their analysis is conducted. It is proposed to supplement the university and postgraduate training system for managers with a new intersubjective approach. Intersubjective approach to the finding a way out of problem situations management, which focuses on subject-subject relations, and its application in the process of managers training is described. It is shown that internally motivated actors-managers, immersed in a problem situation, are ready to participate in its resolution and take responsibility for the decisions made by them. An example of applying the intersubjective approach of problem situations resolution at the real enterprise is given.

Annotation: In the article, the patriotic consciousness of the individual is interpreted as a complex formation based on love for the Motherland, which includes a combination of deep knowledge about the history of his Fatherland, the traditions and customs of his people, his own genetic roots, the surrounding social and natural environment, as well as beliefs, values orientations and motivational attitudes towards personal activity in serving the motherland and readiness to protect it. The article highlights the main ways of developing patriotic consciousness in children and youth at the events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945: deepening the knowledge of children and youth about the events of the Great Patriotic War, forming, on the basis of an objective assessment of the past, an emotionally empathic attitude to the fact of Victory in the war; a holistic and systematic approach to the work of forming a patriotic consciousness in its areas, forms and methods; scientifically substantiated identification and exposure of false allegations, falsifications of the history of the war and its outcome.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to describe the experience of organizing and conducting a series of training seminars with students of secondary specialized educational institutions as part of the project “Building a Future Without Corruption”, supported by the Presidential Grants Fund. The analysis of the use of situational games, associative practices of the development of such complex forms of social activity as public control and counteraction to manifestations of corruption when combined with correspondence independent theoretical preparation for work at the seminar according to predetermined tasks is presented. A comparative analysis of the results of seminars of one thematic focus in full-time and distance forms is given. The issues of motivation of social activity in the application of information and communication technologies in the organization of events of the educational process are considered. The author pays special attention to identifying the proportionality of combining fulltime and distance forms of educational work with students based on the provisions of the concept of reflexive management of the development of social activity of students.

Annotation: In the work the issue of developing educational programs of higher education in accordance with professional standards is discussed. The federal regulations governing the application of pro-fessional standards in the development of basic professional educational programs are analyzed. The most attention is paid to an educational programs in the field of 27.00.00 “Control in technical systems”. The features of the formulation of professional competencies are considered. Based on the correspondence between the requirements of the educational standard and professional standards, the list and content of professional competencies are determined. A practical example of doc-umentation of competence for direction of bachelor training 27.03.04 “Control in technical systems” is given. The process of determining the structure and content of professional competencies is pre-sented. The indicators of competencies are formulated. To assess the level of competence formation, corresponding descriptors are defined. The methodological basis for the design of educational programs in the areas of training UGSN 27.00.00 “Management in technical systems” has been formed, taking into account professional standards and current requirements of the regional labor market.

Annotation: Advertising and public relations, being a type of economic activity, is not positioned as a scientific specialty, and its subject area is interdisciplinary. At the same time, research work in the educational standard refers to the type of practice. The discussion remains what activities may include research any form activities in the context of the educational process in the direction of advertising and public relations, and what results can be obtained with its effective organization. The article deals with the constitutional concepts of scientific activity, their extrapolation on the field of advertising and public relations. Based on the experience of organizing research work of students at the faculty of advertising and public relations of RSUH, the article for the first time considers specific solutions that are organically included in the system of training specialists for the creative economy, and comprehends the results of such an approach as universal competencies for students that provide them with competitive advantages in the labor market.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the problem of reflecting some processes of language system development in up-to-date language teaching aids. Language is a complex self-sustained system which is characterised by the processes of simplification and reduction today, as well as the appearance of “pigeons” and its position of “lingua franca” that is reflected in all language aspects and basic skills. The notions under study are viewed in terms of their influence on the effectiveness and outcomes of the educational process as maintained in the National Curriculum. The problem highlighted stems from the fact that those processes and peculiarities of the language system are not covered by the majority of textbooks, which leads to the discrepancy between the requirements of unified state examinations and students’ preparation for them. The article includes examples of simplification and reduction in the language system. The reasons for these phenomena are analysed and possible solutions are offered, namely the revision of currently used textbooks and their adaptation to the modern language system development features, so that the abovementioned contradictions would be neutralised while training children to pass their final exams.

Annotation: From the point of view of most students, philosophy is a science “about everything and nothing”, the study of philosophy is a burdensome duty and pragmatically futile. The traditional way of teaching philosophy in the context of digitalization of education only strengthens this stereotype among young people. The article considers the modern educational trends in the teaching of the fundamental humanities, one of which is memoization as a digital educational practice. The realization of this practice is possible in the conditions of mixed and project training, gamification of education and edutainment. The application of memoization practice in the educational process is analyzed by the example of the Philosophy in Memes contest held at the Ural State Pedagogical University (Yekaterinburg). As a result, the authors come to the conclusion about the actualization of philosophical knowledge, the motivation of students to study philosophy, their involvement in the process of philosophizing through the rethinking, criticism and deconstruction of classical philosophical ideas through the creation of memes.

Annotation: The article is devoted to identifying the factors that prevent the teacher’s self-actualization in the communicative function of professional activity in the context of online learning. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the teacher’s self-actualization is the leading condition for improving his professional skills, ensuring the formation of the student’s self-actualizing personality. However, in the situation of online learning, there are problems that hinder their effective communication, which require study and solution. Particular attention is paid to the essence of the humanistic communication strategy as a condition for the self-actualization of interaction partners. As a result of the study, it was possible to establish that the main problems of teacher self-actualization in professional activity include the depersonalization of communication between teacher and students in the process of online interaction, which requires the development and implementation of new effective educational technologies. Based on the systematization of current scientific facts, it is shown that the implementation of the humanistic strategy allows the teacher to become an effective facilitator of the learning process and professional education of students. The vectors of further development of methods of self-actualization of subjects of the educational process of the university in the conditions of online learning are indicated.

Annotation: The article analyzes the implementation of an interdisciplinary project on the topic “Healthy lifestyle” at the language faculty of a pedagogical University. The goal of the project is, on the one hand, to improve the communicative competence of the studied topic, on the other – to attract the attention of students to a socially significant problem and to form a negative attitude to smoking. During the implementation of the project, students are required not only to have the main communicative competence in a foreign language, but also to deal with modern computer technologies used in educational activities. The success of the project largely depends on the students’ readiness for independent cognitive and analytical activities, their ability to self-organize and build their own educational route.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the problems of forming listening skills in a foreign language as the most complex type of speech activity. The purpose of this study is to analyze and classify the difficulties of listening, which can form the basis for developing a system for the formation of the listening competence of students, who learning Chinese. The relevance of this work lies in the interest that Russian students show in studying the language of PRC and the difficulties that they have to face in their learning. Achieving this goal involves solving the following problems: 1) a generalization of factors that adversely affect the perception of foreign language speech; 2) a description of the specifics of listening, characteristic of learning exactly the Chinese language; 3) classification of the identified difficulties according to their characteristic features. These tasks identified analysis, synthesis and classification as the main research methods. As the main result of the study, a classification of the difficulties characteristic of teaching Russian-speaking students is given for the further development of a system of exercises that allows to form an listening competency to a greater extent.

Annotation: The objective of the work is to track how conscious receptive and productive use of metaphor as a methodological method of language and culture knowledge contributes to the development of metaphorical competence of Russian-speaking students-economists of B2-C1 English language proficiency levels. The relevance of the study rests upon the fact that metaphorical competence is an essential component of professionally-communicative and sociolinguistic competencies, and the cognitive potential of metaphorical thinking visibly contributes to increasing effectiveness of teaching university students vocabulary of a professionally oriented foreign language. The author analyzes the model of teaching the use of metaphors to develop students’ metaphorical thinking and enhance their motivation to learn. A set of exercises to develop metaphorical thinking and effective when working with materials of a professional economic orientation is designed (texts of the Cambridge Corps and TED.com video conferences); examples of tasks of a multifunctional nature are given. The article concludes that students occasionally consider metaphorical expressions sheer manifestation of the author’s style, which deprives them of makes them of understanding the philosophical and artistic nature of metaphors.

Annotation: The article deals with the issues related to the study and ordering of modern methods and means of working with information educational resources. These resources are databases and knowledge bases combined with highly loaded applications and intensified macromedia systems. The article reveals the content of high-load applications and the reasons for the appearance of high load in database and information system applications. The issues of intensifying work with databases in integrated systems are investigated. The causal relationships and relationships in these systems are investigated. Suggestions for improving the efficiency of high-load applications due to their scalability and interoperability are given. For integrated application load reduction, we offer a comprehensive solution based on a systematic approach and accounting for data quality, software quality, and technology quality in a single system. The results obtained are of interest for the engineering and reengineering of databases and information systems, in particular, in the implementation of database regeneration and software regeneration of information systems.

Annotation: The article examines the role and importance of independent work of students for the preparation of future specialists with both professional and personal competencies. The aim of the work is to determine the directions for improving the forms and methods of organizing independent work of students, contributing to the development of the student’s ability to learn, to form the ability for self-development and creative activity. A review of the types, criteria and technologies for organizing independent work of students is carried out, the features and factors that affect the development of their independence are highlighted. The important role of independent work of students in the context of the implementation of the competence-based approach is noted. An important feature of the organization of independent work, depending on the degree of participation of the teacher, has been investigated, the application of the approach of facilitation with the gradual transfer of the control function to the student himself has been substantiated. The conditions for organizing independent work of students are highlighted, the use of which contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of the educational process and the formation of professional and personal competencies of a modern specialist.

Annotation: The article a method of masking for a virtual machine, which is launched utilizing virtualization systems QEMU and KVM are proposed. The aim of the work is to create a method for masking a virtual machine, using which the detection of a virtual machine will be complicated. It is shown that the cost of CPU time to exit and return to the virtualization system is the most characteristic feature that allows malware to detect the use of a VM. A method for masking a VM is proposed based on counting the number of actually passed ticks of the host processor and replacing it when returning to the VM. Algorithms of evading tests for virtual environment presence are described. The result of the masking method are presented. The relevance of the proposed method implementation is given. Possible application scenarios for the method are also described. The proposed method of masking the virtual environment can be used to analyze the behavior of malware. As a result of applying the developed masking method, programs could not detect the presence of a virtual environment. The obtained research results will be useful for developers of malware analysis tools.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the actual problem of improving the effectiveness of distance learning. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities of increasing the educational motivation of distance learning students. The article considers the role of a teacher who accompanies the process of distance learning, describes the specifics of interaction between a teacher and students using computer technologies. The paper presents the difficulties encountered by students in the course of using distance educational technologies. The paper lists the features of the distance education system that reduce the educational motivation of students. The article presents pedagogical methods for increasing educational motivation, which are applicable in the conditions of virtual communication with students. The teacher’s stimulation of students ‘ educational motivation determines their cognitive activity, awakens educational activity. Regular contact of the teacher with students, as well as the organization of group work in the electronic system, strengthens interest in the learning process and maintains the necessary level of educational motivation throughout the training. In conclusion, the need for professional improvement of teachers in the development and use of all resources of the distance learning system is emphasized.

Annotation: The article considers the concept of forming an information culture among students of economic specialties as the most influential factor in the digital economy. The place and role of General culture and information culture as its component part in the modern digital economy are determined. The article substantiates the role of digital culture in reducing costs and losses from cybercrime, fakes, data redundancy and non-compliance with ethical rules in network communication and interaction. The differences between the concepts of “digital culture” and “digitalization of culture” are considered and the main approaches to defining the concept of digital culture are analyzed. An approach to creating a training course on information culture for economic specialties is considered, taking into account the features of the digital economy and new opportunities to improve the effectiveness of information systems and the formation of information resources. The conceptual provisions and structure of the digital culture training course for students of economic specialties are formulated.

Annotation: The article analyzes the complexity of algorithms of the first kind. The features are analyzed according to which the algorithm can be classified as an algorithm of the first kind. A new concept is introduced in the theory of algorithmic complexity “algorithm efficiency”. The difference between algorithms of the first and second kind is shown on the example of deterministic and non-deterministic Turing machines. The computational model is disclosed on the example of a Turing machine. A generalized model of algorithms of the first kind is given. The content is revealed and the necessity of the concept of asymptotic complexity is substantiated. Basic analysis is performed with classes and types of time complexity. Examples are given and the analysis of algorithms of constant time and linear time is given. The conventionality of some types of complexity is noted. It consists in the fact that algorithms that belong to the same class or type of complexity physically use different computation times. A situation is noted in which a simpler type of complexity spends more time on calculations than a more complex one. The drawback of the existing theory of algorithmic complexity is noted – the exclusion of the cognitive factor and cognitive complexity from the analysis of complexity. This is due to the exclusion of the concept of the effectiveness of an algorithm when analyzing or assessing complexity. The existing theory of complexity focuses on computation and computation time. But the main thing in the calculations is the result. If the result of the calculations is not qualitative or unclear, then the computation time loses its importance. Accordingly, the assessment of complexity classes should be tied not only to time, but also to the quality of the result. Results of further research are outlined.

Annotation: The article examines the current state of high-performance spatial information processing. This information is characterized by large amounts of information, a variety of data types and formats. One of the main methods of processing large-volume spatial information is parallel computing. There are various ways to implement parallel computing. The article reveals the features of implementing high-performance spatial data processing based on parallel computing. The features of different approaches to spatial data modeling are revealed, depending on the type of problems to be solved. The main features that characterize spatial data that relate to big data are highlighted. It is noted that the use of high-performance spatial data processing as a tool for analysis and decision-making is due to three reasons: expanding the capabilities of measurement systems; improving spatial models and methods for solving complex spatial problems; and increasing the performance of computing systems. The article typifies the features of using methods of high-performance processing of large spatio-temporal data, which are the basis of information support for geoinformation systems.

Annotation: The life cycle determines the period and quality of functioning of systems and products. Since the life cycle model is used in many directions, research on the conditions for its increase is relevant. The software lifecycle is an important characteristic, since it defines the lifecycle of the information system that the software is part of. In particular, the life cycle of training systems is related to the life cycle of software. The article examines the life cycle of training systems and the impact of software on it. The article introduces three concepts of objects according to the life cycle criterion: objects-carriers of the life cycle; objects with a managed life cycle; objects with a dependent life cycle. Depending on the type of object, life cycle models are considered for different situations. The difference between the dissipation and degradation of objects - carriers of the life cycle (as a process of attenuation of development and the process of deterioration of characteristics over time) is shown. It is shown that software redundancy and regeneration increase the life cycle of training systems. A life cycle resource model is proposed, based on the fact that the volume of resources and the speed of their expenditure determine the life cycle of the system. The main concept of the work is to increase the life cycle of training systems by using software regeneration.

Annotation: The main trends, tasks and prospects of intellectual activity development in the conditions of the modern scientific and technological revolution are considered. Its main result should be the transition of society to a new, sixth technological order, which will radically change all spheres of human life. It is shown that under these conditions, the social significance of new technologies and the humanitarian aspects of their widespread practical use significantly increases. At the same time, the main task of researchers, engineers and other specialists in the field of intellectual activity is to create effective mechanisms for implementing socially significant innovations in practice and to promote free access of the population to new benefits of scientific and technological progress. This is what is becoming the most important tool for solving a number of global problems of our time. Among them, the most acute problems are the increase in poverty and social inequality, which occurs even in the economically developed countries of the world.

Annotation: For the majority of foreign countries, the assessment of research excellence has become an integral part of their policy in the sphere of development of science and technology. A particular focus would be diverted to the research work at universities meanwhile, for those places would often bring new scientific achievements through working out innovations and preparing highly skilled specialists. Despite the importance of the quality-assessment task and quite a long experience, the practice of scientific work evaluation would still betray certain methodological and organizational problems. The article the analysis of various approaches for assessing the quality of scientific research and examines the foreign experience in this field. The features procedure of scientific publications and highlighted subjective and objective factors affecting the quality of the review are noted. The problems of using bibliometric indicators to assess the quality of scientific publications are considered. The article provides a justification for the use of traditional expert assessment of the quality of research in combination with the use of specialized computer software.

Annotation: This article continues the discussion of issues related to the modeling, classification and standardization of combinatorial sequences. T-models and T-diagrams are used for this. The T-model is a sequence of tables of a special kind made up of positive integers. It is obtained using a simple algorithm, and easily corresponded to a combinatorial sequence. In some cases, the T-model can be used to build a T-diagram, which is a Hasse diagram of a partially ordered set simply associated with a T-model. For a T-diagram, two two-index sequences are introduced, closely related to the corresponding combinatorial sequence. This makes it possible to study as single-index but double-index sequences. In this paper, using some transformations of combinatorial sequences, classes of T-models are introduced. In some cases, these classes simplify methods of modeling and classification for combinatorial sequences. The problem of using such classes of T-models to obtain new combinatorial results is considered.

Annotation: The article explores the evolution of systems by the example of the relationship of hierarchical, subsidiary and decentralized systems. The article explores algorithms of the corresponding types. The relationship between the algorithm and system behavior is shown. Hierarchical systems are considered as the starting point of research. The article examines mainly subsidiary and decentralized systems. The article explores subsidiary and decentralized algorithms. Hierarchical and subsidiary systems are connected by the main subsystem - the coordinator of actions. Subsidiary systems are formed from hierarchical ones under the influence of the external environment. The external environment necessitates the interaction of elements of lower levels with the environment. Subsidiary systems characterize the interaction of elements with the environment at lower levels. Subsidiary systems characterize the allocation of individual resources to lower level elements. In subsidiary systems, the executive mechanisms of hierarchical systems are transformed into agents. The intensification of external influences on the subsidiary or on the hierarchical system leads to the decentralization of the system. Under these conditions, the subsidiary system is transformed into a decentralized system. The article is devoted to the study of subsidiary and decentralized systems. The similarities and differences between subsidiary and decentralized systems are shown. Decentralized system agents have the resources and computing power. Agents of decentralized systems form group intelligence. Decentralized systems are governed by an algorithm, not a coordinator. The article introduces the concept of a system algorithm that performs the functions of a coordinator in a decentralized system.

Annotation: This article explores technologies and methods for updating GEODATA databases. The relationship of information in the GEODATA database with the worldview model is shown. The difference between updating a database and regenerating a GEODATA is shown. The rationale for creating and applying the new concept of “data upd ate buffer zone” is given. The content of remote space sensing methods is revealed. It is shown that the basis of space technologies is geoinformation modeling. The main requirements for information stored in a GEODATA database are summarized: informational and structural. The information requirement is formulated as the need to transform data into GEODATA and, accordingly, to allocate three components: spatial, temporal and thematic. A structural requirement has been formulated that consists in the structural consistency of GEODATA describing different objects. A formalized conceptual model of updating the GEODATA database in terms of se t theory and logical schemes is proposed. It represents a mechanism for building a new worldview based on an existing one.

Annotation: A novel approach for automatic calculation of sea level variation is proposed. It uses displacement velocities of sea markers obtained from infrared satellite imagery. Sea marker on satellite image is a brightness heterogeneity which remains during certain time interval. Sea markers displacement velocities are calculated on the base of modified function of similarity of two same fragments of satellite images for certain time interval. Considering sea markers displacement velocities as sea surface currents velocities and solving inverse problem it is possible to calculate sea level variations of synoptic eddies. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that calculation of sea level variation by displacement velocities of sea markers on satellite infrared imagery allows to precise data of satellite altimetry and to raise accuracy of calculated sea level.

Annotation: The article reveals the main approaches to the interpretation and implementation of the digitalization of higher education – reductionist, technocratic and anti-reductionist, anthropopractical. The digitalization of higher education is considered by the author within the framework of the anthropopractical approach – as a multidimensional process (not reducible to the introduction of distant educational technologies), where the center and end in itself is the transformation of a person and human relations in educational environments, and digital technologies play only an instrumental role. At the same time, if techno-optimism or progressivism believes that digitalization meets the interests of a person and responds to requests for self-development, then techno-pessimism or conservatism, on the contrary, considers digitalization as a dehumanizing process. Comparing polar approaches to assessing anthropological risks and prospects for digitalization of higher education, the author substantiates the significance of technorealism as a worldview and methodological basis for the development and implementation of constructive practices of “slow science” and “slow learning”, “peer-to-peer” education, crowdsourcing, DIY and collaboration, edutainment and gamification of higher education.

Annotation: The article describes the application of methods of social cybernetics to solve the problems of real estate valuation. The article shows that the model of social cybernetics is a model of the information situation. The article shows the difference between a cybernetic model and a descriptive non-cybernetic model. The conditions under which the information situation is a cybernetic or non-cybernetic model are shown. The concept of the core of the situation is described and the content of this concept is revealed. The article gives a comparison of the training of specialists in the field of real estate valuation in Russia and abroad. The article introduces a new concept and a new information model - a model of situational assessment. The content of this model is revealed. The article describes the content of the situational approach in assessment. The article explores the temporal model of the assessment situation and the spatial model of situational assessment. The difference between the temporal estimation model and the spatio-temporal estimation model is shown. The difference between the additive valuation model and the multiplicative model for valuing real estate objects is shown

Annotation: The article deals with the optimization of the transport logistics system, investigated by statistical modeling methods. The purpose of the research conducted on the proposed simulation model was to obtain “output” quantitative characteristics of the process when changing the “input” parameters. As a result of model experiments provided information on the behavior of the system, particularly important at the design stage: estimation of efficiency of algorithms of the control system and the nature of the impact of changes in different input parameters on the output parameters of the system. Algorithms and models are proposed that use estimates of the performance of the transport and technological complex to estimate the total losses from transport downtime in queues for service when changing the input parameters of the transport logistics system. The application of the dynamic programming method to develop a computational method for optimal distribution of vehicles by loading points is considered. Using a specific example, we consider the effectiveness of the proposed simulation approach for managing the transport logistics system.

Annotation: The article deals with the issue of educational reforms carried out during the reign of Catherine II, by the beginning of whose reign the Russian educational system did not have a clearly defined pedagogical model, the number of open educational institutions was limited and did not meet the needs of the state. In this regard, the pedagogical ideas of French educators became the basis of the first legislative documents of the reign of Catherine II. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that, despite the extensive historiography, there are no works defining the full range of sources that influenced the development of educational initiatives of the era of Catherine II. The article analyzes the influence of the French writer and religious figure Francois Fenelon, whose ideas were used by the Marquise de Maintenon in the preparation of the educational program of the Royal Orphanage of Saint-Louis in Saint-Cyr. A comparative analysis of the programs of the Foundling home and the “Charter for the education of noble maidens” by I. I. Betsky is presented. The authors pay special attention to the French model of women’s education and its impact on the Russian educational reform. The article analyzes translated pedagogical works (J.-M. Leprens de Beaumont, L.-F.-P. d’Epinay), which allow us to get the most complete picture of the development of educational initiatives.

Annotation: The article examines complementarity as an important property in the organization of information and educational resources is explored. Complementarity is considered from the position of a polysemic concept and is studied as a means of optimization. A mathematical model of a complementary system is presented in the form of equations and conditions that define the domain of existence of an optimal solution. The concept of “complementary set of indexes”, the essence of which consists in the task computationally tractable logic conditions that determine the solution path. The representation of an information situation in which complementary conditions are equifinal, that is, they allow us to get the correct solution in different ways is proposed. The situations of complementarity and information correspondence that can be used for constructing logical inference in artificial intelligence systems are considered. An example of linear complementarity equations that are used for optimization is presented. The given mathematical apparatus makes it possible to assess the degree of complementarity and information correspondence of the objects under consideration. Applying the complementarity and information correspondence approach in algorithmic models of an information system will increase the efficiency of information processes and object management.

Annotation: Modern problems in the field of education are largely due to the inability of public consciousness, including in the field of educational practice, to skillfully dispose of such a powerful technological resource as “digital”. The triumphant March of digital technologies, the charm of their power, and the effectiveness of their services do not always allow us to take a thoughtful, and therefore critical, approach and evaluate this “magic” tool in the field of educational activities. Despite the widespread use of digital technologies in the educational process, as the accumulated experience reveals the negative aspects of their use. A concentrated conclusion from this difficult situation was the thesis: “there is a lot of information – there is not enough knowledge”. This circumstance requires improvement and development of pedagogical technologies. This leads to an important scientific and practical problem of understanding the digitalization of society in the field of education through the prism of humanitarian approaches, the need to develop humanitarian criteria and assessments of this process

Annotation: The article deals with the technology of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the implementation of spatial modeling. The problem of spatial modeling arises, in particular, in practical work on monitoring a critical situation and is associated with the need for systematic improvement of methods and technologies for solving it. The article describes the technical features of survey using UAVs. These features create new unique opportunities for obtaining spatial information, but, at the same time, they also have their own limitations. The principal difference between UAV and classical aerial photography is shown. It is noted that shooting using UAVs allows you to collect information to build qualitatively different models: areal models of territories, three-dimensional models of spatial objects and models of fragments of objects and territories. The article describes a complex technology of shooting and spatial modeling. The conclusion is formulated that an integrated approach to the collection, processing and presentation of information obtained using UAVs requires changes in educational programs and the use of new approaches in the educational practice of students of geodesic specialties.

Annotation: The article deals with one of the forms of widespread dependence – the dependence of young people on social networks, which is caused by the almost non-stop need to communicate in various social networks. Dependence on social networks is a new problem that has not yet spread much in Russia, but every year the number of people suffering from this dependence increases. The world health organization has recognized Internet addiction as a disease. Staying on the Internet is not limited to games, young people actively communicate in social networks. The article presents statistical data indicating a continuous increase in the number of children who spend at least three hours a day on the Internet, and shows the positive and negative side of using social networks. Based on publicly available statistical data, the authors analyze the dynamics of the use of social networks by modern youth. The article also presents data from our own empirical research aimed at studying the goals and activities of young people in social networks. The results of an empirical study allowed us to draw conclusions about the level of dependence of young people on social networks. To prevent addiction, recommendations for using the Internet and social networks in particular have been developed.

Annotation: E-learning is widely used in the education system. To date, a new task is set to provide methods and means for individualization of training and development of creative abilities of students, which is due to the requirements for the training of specialists of a new format. The solution of this problem is aimed at achieving a qualitatively new level of e-learning, including the use of distance learning technologies. The paper proposes algorithmic mechanism control parameters of the electronic educational environment, allowing you to tailor the training complex modular structure the individual needs of the student depending on his level of training in the previous stages and achievements at the current stage of learning. The method of determination of integral point – rating estimates of students on the basis of fuzzy sets is considered. The system of indicators for the forecast of the integral indicator of progress on the module of the discipline and discipline as a whole is given. Management of the parameters of the electronic educational environment is aimed at reducing the complexity and time for the development of disciplines and the initiation of creative motivation of students.

Annotation: Training model information recommendation system is associated with the study of applied mathematical and information methods and models, their combinations in order to ensure the necessary accuracy of the forecasts and conclusions. The article deals machine learning of model recommendation system using statistical methods and analysis of big data, aimed at addressing the issues of individualization of education. In this case, the accuracy of the machine learning model depends on the type of statistical model used to predict the probability of some event from the values of the set of features, as well as the training sample used to select the parameters, and the regularization function used to improve the generalizing ability of the resulting model. The study tested models based on logistic regression, methods of naive Bayesian classifier (Naïve Bayes), lasso-type regression. Experimentally confirmed the theoretical assumption about the possibility of creating a recommendation system on the individualization of education on the basis of an array of educational data, including the results of educational and extracurricular activities of students. Conclusions about the presence of correlation dependencies in the data, which can be used to improve the accuracy of the model of the recommendation system, are formulated.

Annotation: Various forms of distance education are being widely introduced into school practice. However, their effectiveness has not yet been studied.The purpose of this study: to find out how well students are studying the topic proposed for distance learning, and how they relate to this new experience. We investigated the activities of students studying the topic of increased complexity in mathematics using the technology of distance learning, and the results of training on this topic. We analyzed the dynamics of changes in student performance in the process of mastering individual issues of this topic. We made a detailed analysis of learning outcomes and analysis of student survey results. Methodical recommendations on the construction of an educational and methodological complex and the form of its presentation in the electronic educational environment of the basic school are formulated. The directions of further research in this area are noted.

Annotation: This article is devoted to the introduction of mass open online courses (moocs) into the educational process as one of the most important directions of the priority project “Modern digital educational environment in the Russian Federation”. The concept of mass-open online course is revealed. The article deals with the main models of integration of mass open online courses in educational programs of Russian universities, which conduct the practice of scoring the results of the development of moocs, there is a practice of compiling a list of recommended moocs. A number of universities of the Russian Federation which are supporters and active developers of mass open online courses are presented. In each of these universities moocs are actively included in the curricula of educational programs. The author of the article provides a fragment of the list of disciplines of the curriculum and the corresponding mass open online courses. The possibility of including online courses placed on digital educational platforms in the educational process of professional training of bachelors of 44.03.01 Pedagogical education (profile “Informatics”) is analyzed.

Annotation: This article is devoted to the problem of teaching undergraduate students a professionally oriented foreign language. The aim of this study is to model the content of teaching English based on the optimization of its sources. Among the objectives of this article was a description of learning optimization methods; characteristics of individual methods of intensification of the educational process; identification of ways to increase motivation in the study of a professionally oriented foreign language. The author pays particular attention to the conditions in which the educational process takes place, defines the leading role of optimizing the sources of training through which it is possible to intensify the educational process, to increase the motivation of students of non-linguistic specialties to learn a foreign language (English). The article discusses the methods and techniques of work, allowing to intensify the educational process and optimize teaching materials for the effective development of students professionally oriented foreign language (English) – building your own “educational route”, visual means of semantization of language units, organization of students’ independent work.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the development and implementation of software for pedagogical diagnostics in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The development of media education in different countries review is carried out. It is shown that in the Republic carrying out practical research on the diagnosis of media education is a little-studied issue. The analysis of theoretical and methodological issues on the development and implementation of software for pedagogical diagnostics in the Republic. Based on the results of the analysis, a scientific task is formulated to create a comprehensive information system of pedagogical diagnostics, including such basic functions as diagnosing the level of competence and media education of students, monitoring the results, correction of the educational trajectory. The article substantiates that the introduction of pedagogical diagnostics software creates an opportunity to analyze and evaluate the levels of competence of future specialists in combination with the ability and readiness for self-regulation of further education and professional mobility; to diagnose the level of foreign language proficiency at the level of social and professional communication, as well as the use of special vocabulary and professional terminology of the language; to diagnose the high adaptability of future specialists, expressed in the ability to adapt to information loads caused by the renewal of means of production; communication skills and ability to work in a team.

Annotation: The relevance of the research topic is justified by the importance of the problem of formation of entrepreneurial competencies of students and young scientists in demand in the field of innovative economy. The paper highlights the system-forming factors hindering the development of project activities of students and young scientists. The mechanisms of integration of education, science and production, allowing educational and scientific organizations to transform the internal environment for the development of project activities on the basis of initiative research are considered. The principles of functioning of an innovative platform and step-by-step formation of an educational trajectory of students taking into account their individual preferences of self-realization in the sphere of science, production or business are stated. The technological approach to the formation of entrepreneurial competencies of students and young scientists through the implementation of research projects as a responsible performer and bringing research using the mechanisms of the innovation platform to a specific result or object of intellectual property prepared for commercialization is proposed.

Annotation: The article offers a description and critical evaluation of The use of the concept of K. Popper in modern learning. It is argued that training involves the same actions as problem solving, that is, the process of trial and error. Despite the modernization, the modern education system works mainly on the model of knowledge transfer. Today, the use of the model of knowledge transfer is cost-effective and efficient, but modernity poses the task of forming a person who is able to think critically. That is why the school system needs to go beyond the model of knowledge transfer to give students the opportunity to pose problems, test their hypotheses and solve them by trial and error. The article emphasizes the relevance of the problems in education, which raises K. Popper, and offers ways to improve the efficiency of the educational process on the basis of the theory of problem solving.

Annotation: The article presents the analysis of the results obtained during the implementation of the preparatory stage of the project on the topic “Healthy lifestyle” in foreign language classes at the language faculty of the Pedagogical University. The aim of the project is to improve the communicative competence and at the same time to attract the attention of students to a socially significant problem and to form their negative attitude to smoking. The article emphasizes the relevance of the project theme for the selected audience. The methods of semantic, semiotic and contextual analysis, the method of statistical calculation were used to solve the tasks of the project. During the realization of the preparatory stage of the creative project, students accomplished an independent study of social anti-tobacco advertising, reflecting linguistic, psychological, linguistic and cultural aspects. The obtained data are of practical importance for the implementation of the next stages of the project to create an effective product of anti-tobacco social advertising.

Annotation: The article deals with the study of the total physical response method and its influence on pupils’ motivation in teaching a foreign language. Nowadays it is relevant to look for effective methods of teaching foreign languages, because the acquisition of at least one foreign language is getting necessary. The article presents the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of primary school children, emphasizes the importance of motivation while teaching English to children, reveals the essence of the total physical response method, describes the techniques of practical application of the total physical response method, shows the results of the experimental research identifying the impact of this method on the level of pupils motivation. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of the total physical response method on pupils’ motivation in the process of learning the foreign language. The methodology of the study is a theoretical analysis of psychological research, empirical research methods, qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical data. The results show that the use of the total physical response method increases learning motivation of primary school pupils.

Annotation: The article reveals learning a second foreign language as a process of learner’s cognitive and personality development. Its objective is to view key inner resources that an average learner possesses in this process. The objective mentioned implies a number of tasks: 1) emphasizing the effectiveness of learning a second foreign language educationally and methodologically; 2) revealing key essential components of linguo-academic experience that makes learning a second foreign language easier; 3) empiric analysis of English and Spanish material that exemplifies tapping cognitive and personal learner’s potential. These tasks predetermine comparative didactic analysis as a key method of research. As the main result we state the necessity of considering cognitive and personal resources whereas the key success condition is firm first language (English) knowledge positive learning experience. It highlights interconnection of academic route stages.

Annotation: The purpose of the present article consists in a research of scientific and pedagogical aspects of a descriptive method of use in training of health and safety. The relevance of consideration of scientific bases of the description and its application as a scientific method strengthens methodological bases of the course «Basics of life safety». The developed technique of use of a descriptive method in training of health and safety provides success of formation at the studying informative and communicative universal modalities of action connected with speech communication. On the basis of methods of the theoretical analysis, information search, modeling the results of a research consisting in definition of scientific approaches to classifications of descriptions are received; the system of descriptions characteristics in studying of maintenance of health and safety where constant and steady signs of dangerous process or emergency situation are distinguished is offered. The main function of descriptions consisting in creation at the possible threats and also procedures providing its performance studying a complete evident image is defined. Descriptions, being an initial step of informative process, are a part of the innovative technologies of training of safe activity based on dialogue and communicative intersubject interaction.

Annotation: Qualification characteristics used for the creation of work training programs contain generalized information and do not allow to take into account the peculiarities of professional activity of future specialists. The effectiveness of the educational process depends on the quality of academic disciplines work programs, in this connection there is a need to describe the specific results of students, which is a poorly structured task. The article discusses the development and application of job description allows to systematize detailed description of professional competences and structure of the functional map of the teacher and the learner. Presents the experience of development and application and job description on the example of the variable part of the professional educational program in the specialty 38.02.04 – Commerce (by industry). The analysis of professional activities of managers in modern conditions has allowed to reveal in the job analysis content of their activities, as well as the conditions, eligibility requirements, activities, and requirements for professionally important qualities.

Annotation: The transition of transport to digital technology requires the creation of a number of transportation services. Their development is based on modern web technologies. This article discusses the main stacks used in developing web applications. The components of web stacks designed to process data at various levels of application implementation are described. The analysis of features of web stacks is carried out. The synchronous and asynchronous information processing modes, the performance of server-side information processing programs, the relational and NoSQL database management systems used, and server programming languages are considered. The advantages of web stacks for developing a certain type of application are described. The focus is on comparing stacks using the PHP language and stacks based on the Node software platform. As a result of the analysis, a conclusion was made about the advantage of the stack using the Node platform for implementing an integrated digital environment for providing transport services.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is a theoretical analysis of the motivation of the modern student in the context of the achievement goal theory and determining the relationship between the types of motivation and types of achievement of educational goals. The subject of the study is explaining reasons of choosing certain types of achievement of educational goals as well as its influence on psychological welfare of a student and his effectiveness in the field of education. The method of this work is the theoretical analysis of psychological research in the field of goal setting of students. The study highlights the main factors that influence the student’s choice of certain goals to achieve. In the light of the achievement goal theory the main types of motivation are analyzed: focus on achievement of skill, focus on avoiding the demonstration of skill, focus on demonstration of the result, focus on avoiding the demonstration of the result. Conclusions regarding the influence of type of motivation on types of achievement of educational goals are drawn. Topical issues of studying this topic in the future are posed.

Annotation: The article deals with the topical issue of application of innovative educational technologies. The modernization of Russian education has changed the views on the goals, content and style of interaction between teachers and students. In modern society, the role of the teacher, the teacher is transformed, which, of course, requires a review of its competencies. The authors analyze the technology of coaching in the aspect of its successful application in the teaching of various disciplines of undergraduate. They believe that the use of coaching opens up new opportunities for improving the learning process of students. Attention is focused on such types of coaching as individual, team, organizational coaching. The author substantiates the thesis that when using coaching technology in the learning process, the role of the teacher is significantly enriched both in traditional and in e-learning. The authors conclude that coaching in education is an innovative technology that can direct the internal resources of the teacher and the student to achieve the desired result and can be considered as a tool to improve the efficiency of interaction of all elements of the education system: teacher-student, teacher-administration, teacher-teacher.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the sociocultural approach to teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic universities based on example of the English language. Sociocultural approach is analyzed as the unity of regional (cultural), sociolinguistic (behavioural), psychological and linguo-cultural competencies. Developing of socio-cultural competency is considered to be one of the possible answers to the key question of teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic universities as a means of communication and not just a collection of intermittent knowledge and skills. Special attention in the article is given to the use of facts of geography, history, traditions, economy and political systems of different English-speaking countries at the lessons of English as they provide multiple opportunities of developing speaking and communication skills and cultural competency of students.

Annotation: The article deals with the problem regeneration of information systems software. The difference between updating and regeneration, refactoring and software regeneration is shown. The systematization of evolutionary algorithms is given. The features of genetic algorithms and algorithms for swarming bees are considered in detail. The conditions for using the swarm of bees algorithm for software regeneration are described. Algorithms for using resources based on the logistic equation are considered. The features of using the logistic equation as an indicator of software regeneration are described. Two variants of regeneration are identified: in information systems and in software. Regeneration conditions are formulated for these variants at the system level. Regeneration in information systems is applicable if the software, technology, and data system are connected in a Trinitarian way. Software regeneration is applicable provided that the combination of programs and algorithms forms a related complete system. The regeneration technology is represented as a modern technology for upgrading the software system.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to study the nature of correlation of “Dark Triad” factors with motives of vandal behavior among students. The relevance of studying the causes of vandal behavior and factors of motivational readiness for it is obvious in light of the significant pollution of the visual environment and damage to objects of material space, including in educational institutions, with traces of youth’s destructive activity. The construction of an effective system for the prevention of vandalism requires an understanding of the causes of this behavior of subjects of vandalism. We conducted a study among university students in Ekaterinburg, aimed at assessing their motivational readiness for vandal behavior and assessing the role of “negative” personality traits in the formation of motivation for this behavior (n = 161). For the study, psycho-diagnostic techniques were used: “The Dark Triad” and the author’s questionnaire “Motives of vandal behavior”. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and linear regression were used as part of mathematical-statistical processing. As a result, it was found that the main factor that is important for actualizing all the motives of students’ vandalism is psychopathy, while narcissism and machiavellianism do not play a special role in such destructive behavior.

Annotation: The article deals with the complex of the main causes and factors of the problem of coping behavior in adolescence. Different approaches to definition of coping behavior and features of its manifestation are analyzed. Based on the mass of various behavioral manifestations that characterize the features of coping behavior or coping strategies, escape from the problem situation in adolescence is always associated with the manifestation of subconscious internal unmotivated fear associated with the problem situation. In order to identify the prevailing level of situational and personal anxiety as the main factor in the emergence of a variety of coping strategies in adolescence, the article presents the data of an experimental study using the method of diagnosis of the level of situational and personal anxiety CH. D. spielberger - Yu. L. Hanina. During the analysis of the results, three levels of severity of both situational and personal anxiety were revealed. The paper gives recommendations for leveling the negative features of coping behavior in adolescence.

Annotation: Testing systems and models used for evaluating students’ knowledge are studied in the article. The factors that affect the quality of testing models are highlighted, as well as general and specific requirements for the quality of the testing model. Methods for evaluating the quality of the testing model are considered. The stratification of testing models is investigated. The levels of stratification of testing models by functional characteristics are identified, and the analysis of structural elements and applied methods by stratification levels is carried out. Based on the selected levels, a system of properties of testing systems is proposed. The value of information relations between elements of the testing model as a system is revealed. The stability of the testing system is analyzed. Approaches to quality management of the testing system are investigated. The effect of self-organization of the testing system is considered for the first time. It is shown that this effect is associated with the free testing. Testing systems with an element of self-organization or, in a milder version, an element of subsidiarity are characterized by a long life cycle and greater efficiency in solving problems of assessing students ‘ knowledge.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the solution of the scientific and practical problem of adaptation of the beginning labor activity of workers, including young specialists, to real production conditions with the use of various educational technologies. The article considers the possibilities of application in organizations of such educational technologies as distance and interactive learning, business games, work in mini-groups, implementation of situational tasks. The sequence of actions to involve young employees in the production process and criteria for assessing the quality of these actions are formulated. The types and stages of the adaptation process are identified, the features of the application of methodological approaches to the implementation of organizational, socio-psychological and professional adaptation are revealed. The General scheme of the process of planning adaptation and career development of young employees of the organization is presented.

Annotation: The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural changes that occur in learning from the point of view of its participants, when classic video games are used as an educational resource. An attempt is also made to study how activity theory can explain and interpret these changes. Based on this conceptual framework, the activities of students and teachers are seen as a system focused on a group goal, mediated by culture and characterized by contradictions that represent a path of development and lead to innovation and change. The results of this study showed that activity theory is a powerful tool for analyzing the process of change when a new technological tool is used as an intermediary in learning.

Annotation: The issues of the effectiveness of foreign language teaching to non-linguistic students do not lose their relevance in modern society since confidence in a foreign language significantly increases the competitiveness of any specialist. Special attention is paid to the choice of pedagogical technologies that will contribute to a more effective mastering of a foreign language by students. This paper discusses the features and possibilities of using CLIL technology which allows organizing the process of foreign language teaching to non-linguistic students through the integration of a foreign language with specialized subjects. The paper reveals the essence and the main characteristics of CLIL technology and describes the experience of practical application CLIL technology in foreign language teaching to undergraduate economics students in Kozma Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University. In conclusion, the advantages of CLIL technology in foreign language teaching to non-linguistic students are listed, as well as the possible difficulties that a teacher may face in practice.

Annotation: Modern technical systems are complex dynamic objects with automated or automatic control. Advanced in this direction are objects of aviation, space and rocket technology. However, the increase in the number of functions performed by them, the complication of work algorithms, and the transition, as a whole, to intellectualization highlight the problem of their maintenance, i.e. assessment of the state for a given control. In practice, the study of the properties of dynamic objects, for example, space technology, is carried out by mathematical modeling of the behavior of an object in conditions close to real ones. Moreover, the quality of the assessment of the state parameters of the object determines the adequacy of the mathematical model to the real object. In this case, the main attention is paid to improving accuracy, reducing computational costs and stability of algorithms for assessing the state of a remote controlled object (spacecraft). The article considers a new state estimation algorithm based on synthesis combined with physical principles that satisfies the indicated conditions.

Annotation: The article deals with the scientific problem of modeling the processes of complex organizational and technical systems that are not described by simple mathematical models. The application of model organisms used for studying the properties and phenomena of living nature, their transformation into the field of modeling the processes of complex organizational and technical systems is studied. The properties of complex organizational and technical systems that represent a hierarchical structure of different topologies are considered. Hierarchical systems are widely used in information management and processing. The main concept of the article is that it is recommended to model complex organizational and technical systems using analogs from the field of living systems. The equivalence and similarity of living and technical systems is determined. The directions of research in the field of evolution of organizational and technical systems are determined. The article considers the theory of development of complex systems based on the Luman theory. His concept of autopoiesis is analyzed. It is shown that with increasing external and internal complexity, hierarchical systems evolve into subsidiary systems that contain an element of self-development.

Annotation: The presented research is devoted to computer modeling of interaction between shock waves (SW) and streamers of the high-frequency discharge in connection with the problem of sonic boom. Currently, there are a number of works relating to the use of plasma to attenuate the sonic boom. The authors of the article consider the creation of hot filaments (filaments) by different plasma sources. In the approaches associated with the use of microwave discharge, the propagation of SW through hot filaments is assumed, causing their explosion and affecting the SW itself. This work is devoted to the study of the propagation of SW through the microwave discharge strands in order to determine the parameters of filaments, at which the influence of microwave discharges on SW can be exerted. Lengths and temperatures of microwave streamers were obtained at which the interaction of microwave filaments with SW occurs: they usually corresponded to filaments with a width of 0.1-0.5 mm, a length of more than 0.5-1 cm, with an internal gas temperature of more than 2500 K. The filaments should be directed at some angle to the SW. In the course of the study, no significant effect was obtained when the cross-section of the filament is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the SW. According to experimental data, electric fields in streamers (our hot filaments) can be in the range of 25-75 kV / cm at atmospheric pressure, the authors made calculations at 25 and 40 kV / cm. The plasma created in filaments by electric discharges with an electric field value equal to the critical breakdown field of 25 kV/cm and the supercritical electric field of 40 kV/cm was considered. Electrons are initiated by a background atmospheric source of electrons 4 and 10 (cm3*s)-1 corresponding to atmospheric conditions.

Annotation: The paper describes a specialization of a model-driven development approach for transformation of subject domain conceptual models to the structures of a case base, their subsequent refinement and execution. The basic principles of the model-driven development approach are highlighted, the implementation of model transformations in the process of creating intelligent systems and knowledge base is stated. The formalized statement of the problem of prototyping of case bases is presented. The architecture of the author’s software that implements the methodology of the model-driven approach, taking into account the specifics of the case bases of the subject domain is considered. The technology for knowledge bases engineering on the basis of consecutive transformations of models with various degree of abstraction is presented. Experience of development of case-based expert systems and case bases with application of model-driven approach and developments in the field of model transformations is stated.

Annotation: The article considers the hackathon as a new way of project training. The analysis of the hackathon as an interactive method of learning based on the relevant academic literature and generalization of experience in the education system. Project activities are aimed at acquiring the necessary competencies of students, their motivation to learn modern information and communication technologies, the formation of teamwork skills. The article presents the rules and principles of the organization of project activities of students, the characteristic of the method of projects in terms of the development of modern specialist. The possibilities of organization of project activity of students with the use of hackathon are demonstrated. The conditions of using the hackathon as a pedagogical method, which allows students to improve the efficiency of self-education and the formation of knowledge about specific professional tasks and at the same time acquire the necessary skills for practical activities. In conclusion, the recommendations on the necessary pedagogical conditions for a more stable institutionalization of the project method in higher education institutions are presented.

Annotation: From the standpoint of psychology, author revisits the conclusion made by leading linguists, including N. Chomsky, in 2014 about the impossibility of knowing how language was created. Comparison intellectual abilities language creators and modern Homo sapiens was proposed. The author discovered a system of four laws helping to study the process of evolution as a multi-level mutual adaptation between man and the environment. Given the known data on the loss from a human embryo to 70% of neurons from the neocortex by birth, it is concluded that the creators of the language with 100% of the neurons were supergeniuses. Children are geniuses; they with their 30% of neurons in the neocortex independently master the language, or even two-three, and the laws by Newton, Pascal, and other laws of nature including the laws of mutual adaptation by Venda. Further, with the rest of the neurons, adult person can only become a talent by chance and thus get an unconscious creative thinking but is never a genius. Most adults go through initiation and have only a routine conscience thinking. Now society needs more talents that are creative. The results of a 70-year experiment to cultivate artificial talent in initially ordinary schoolboy are presented. The experiment began L.N. Venda in 1948 with the author, her son, as a subject.

Annotation: Management of educational system in dynamically changing external and internal conditions is connected with systematic assessment and analysis of its stability and competitiveness, necessity of improvement of management mechanisms taking into account modern requirements. The paper solves the scientific problem of improvement of mathematical support of the processes of management of the educational system of the University. Within the framework of solving the scientific problem, it is proposed to apply the approach of dissymmetry to management, which is manifested in the relationship of the selected static and dynamic parts, and the creation of a mathematical model that reflects the mutual influence of static and dynamic parts on the effectiveness of educational activities of the University. A mathematical model based on the apparatus of chain fractions and discrete-continuous transformations, which allows at the system level to identify deviations in the implementation of educational activities of the University and detail them at the levels of management, is proposed. Numerical examples of application of mathematical model for the analysis of the ratio of potentials of static and dynamic parts on levels of decomposition in the form of the normalized integral indicators presented in the form of suitable fractions and transformed into space of images are considered.

Annotation: The article analyzes the development of blockchain systems, it is noted that blockchain systems are developing in the direction of increasing user convenience, including in terms of user interfaces and increasing speed of work. There are achievements in the development of more sophisticated consensus algorithms, in the creation of proprietary networked protocols adapted to blockchain systems. It justifies the thesis that the flexibility of the blockchain technology contributes to the rapid expansion of the areas of application of the blockchain systems. For example, there is a tendency to expand the use of distributed registry cryptosystems by modern banks. Along with the Ripple and Stellar systems, specially designed for banking, there are steaklokoiny, cryptocurrency, tied to assets. IBM professional software products play a significant role in expanding the use of distributed registry cryptosystems in the management of enterprises and organizations in all spheres of life. A comparative analysis of the cryptosystem of the Ripple and Stellar distributed registry with the existing system of interbank SWIFT channels has been carried out. The essential advantage of cryptosystems of the distributed registry in speed of execution of transactions and in convenience of user interfaces is shown.

Annotation: The article presents the experience of reflekraktika in order to activate the potential of life-creation and the self-development of students. It justifies and describes the program of reflekratik “Actualization of the potential of life-twister.” The content and logic of building a program opens up the possibility for group participants to conduct their own reflection on their life path in a time perspective “past – present – future”. The reflexodrama procedure included in the program suggests psychodramatic improvisation using artistic images, allows for artistic self-actualization: a special psychological space of being is created - a reflexive “other world” in which participants immerse themselves in the world of images, the world of their imagination, in order to carry out a reflexive analysis of life situations. In the course of group work, the following stages of work are assumed: reflexive diagnostics, psychodramatization stage, including: “immersion” – “assigning an image” – “playing an image” – “exiting an image” and subsequent reflexive analysis. Reflektika is designed to encourage participants to self-analyze the life path and determine their ability to reach the active stage of life-creation.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to analyze the military and political aspects of European integration. The current geopolitical process of forming a multipolar world determines the relevance of the topic. The European Union, which has sufficient economic and technological potential, may well claim to be a global center of power in the future. The prospects of turning the European Union from a primarily economic organization into a full-fledged military-political bloc are an urgent scientific problem. The article deals with issues related to the formation of military structures of the European Union. Cooperation between EU countries in the field of foreign policy, security and defense is characterized. The EU’s capabilities in these areas are being evaluated. The issue of the EU’s security relations with NATO is touched. The source base of the work is the fundamental EU treaties and decisions of key summits that touched on security and defense issues. The results of the work include a description of the main projects related to the formation of the military dimension of the European community and the European Union from the post-war period to the present. It is stated that the structures created at different times are not effective enough and that the prospects for implementing the “European army” concept in the near future are uncertain. The article deals with issues related to the formation of military structures of the European Union. The cooperation of the EU countries in the field of foreign policy, security and defense is characterized. The possibilities of the European Union in these areas are evaluated. The aspects of EU with NATO security relations are touched upon.

Annotation: The article discusses relevant issues of training for the digital economy, namely: the main directions of digital transformation, what the future companies will be, the necessary competencies, training technologies, overcoming resistance to change in the era of the digital revolution. Based on the content of the decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030”, ideas about the requirements for the ecosystem of the digital economy are specified. The issues of changing the main direction of HR management and the impact of these changes on the assessment of staff performance are considered. It is shown that the focus of attention is shifting to the sphere of intangible motivation and ethical problems. As the main means of increasing the flexibility of the companies of the future, the development of horizontal interaction of employees is proposed, which allows you to quickly adapt to changing external conditions. Expansion of the necessary competencies is forecasted up to the demand for universal specialists. The need for retraining a large number of employees and the consequent need for the development of innovative training technologies are noted.

Annotation: The method of modeling combinatorial sequences using special sequences of tables consisting of positive integers is considered. These sequences are called T-models and are constructed recursively using special mappings. For T-models, q-analogues are introduced, which allow modeling the q-analogs of combinatorial sequences corresponding to them. Partially ordered sets and the corresponding T-diagrams are also defined. With the help of these partially ordered sets and T-diagrams, numerous additional properties of the simulated combinatorial sequences are considered. Examples of T-models of sequences of generalized factorials, Catalan numbers and Bell numbers are given. Their q-analogues and T-diagrams are constructed. This makes it possible to investigate also the properties of balloting numbers, Stirling numbers of the second kind and their q-analogues. The structure of T-models of combinatorial sequences makes it possible to use the well-known analytical calculation packages Mathematica and Maple in their modeling. Therefore, T-models can be used in teaching students to separate sections of discrete mathematics and computer science, as well as to obtain with their help combinatorial results.

Annotation: The paper proposes an approach to estimating the unknown constant parameters of the mathematical model of analog signals used in modern measurement systems. Accounting for the physical features of such models leads to equations of state in the form of Lagrange equations of the second kind. Further identification requires the construction of a residual functional, the minimum of which is provided by the actual values of the unknown parameters. The formulated task is the inverse incorrect according to Hadamard. Its solution is reduced to the search for a stationary point at which the minimum of the smoothing functional is provided. For this purpose, an apparatus for asynchronous variation of the trajectory and needle variation of the disturbance is used. The search for minimum conditions by the method of successive approximation to a stationary point, and then the invariant immersion method to a two-point boundary value problem leads to an iterative algorithm for identifying parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed apparatus is confirmed by numerical simulation in the MathCad environment, a comparison of the results obtained by estimating the unknown parameters of the analog signal model with the results of the Kalman filter demonstrates the advantage of this approach.

Annotation: The article analyzes the changes taking place in the world economy at the present stage of development, considers the key features of the fourth industrial revolution. Revealing the content of the main policy documents, the fundamental criteria for analyzing the development of the digital economy in the Russian Federation are formulated. Specific examples demonstrate the possibility of changing the nature of industrial and agricultural production with the proper use of information technology. The results of information analysis become in the new conditions a more valuable commodity than physical objects. The paper reveals the basic principles of closedloop Economics and justifies the need to expand information exchange at all levels of interaction. The stated facts show that information technologies create the Foundation for the construction of a circular economy that allows to solve the problem of improving the environmental safety of human civilization, making a real contribution to the conservation of natural resources, minimizing undesirable consequences of climate change, maintaining a comfortable living environment of the population.

Annotation: In many practical applications, it is not always possible to solve the problem of optimization of technical system characteristics under dynamic loading at a given degree of reliability, especially for the objective function of a large number of variables. When solving this problem for the created small series technical systems at the design stage, there are no data for a priori statistical analysis and, as a rule, it is not possible to determine the entire set of possible disturbing effects (destabilizing factors or loads) that can lead to abnormal situations. Obtaining approximate solutions makes it necessary to conduct additional tests of the technical system to clarify the limit values of the parameters, which is associated with significant costs. Therefore, improving the accuracy of determining the required values of the characteristics of the technical system at the design stage will reduce the number of tests. In this paper we propose a modified method of sthortest descent on the basis of its interface with the method of accelerated search. The proposed approach allows to reduce the number of iterations and, accordingly, the number of tests while maintaining the required accuracy of the technical system parameters and to increase the stability of the solution to the reliability management problem at the development stage.

Annotation: The problem of the efficiency of the recovery cycle management of a complex technical system is considered. In the process of operation of complex technical systems, failures of some elements occur, and the quality of the system as a whole deteriorates. At the same time, the nature of the costs of ensuring and restoring the quality of functioning of systems is antagonistic. For each specific system, it is necessary to study the relationship between the parameters of the recovery cycle and the indicators of the quality of its functioning in relation to the complex indicator of the economic efficiency of the system at all stages of its life cycle. The article deals with the evaluation and effectiveness of management of the recovery cycle of complex technical systems on the example of civil buildings. As it is known, in the housing sector, with constantly growing material expenditures for the technical operation of buildings, the quality level of their functioning changes very slightly. It is proposed to adapt and Supplement the modern efficiency management apparatus with the recovery cycle of complex technical systems, developed for high-tech sectors of the national economy for the operation of civil buildings, taking into account their features as non-productive systems with a very high social status. Priority additions, determining the effectiveness of management of the rehabilitation cycle of civil buildings, proposed to use indicators of frequency (repeatability) of adverse situations in users of buildings and a set of socially significant costs to ensure the quality of the functioning of the building for a long time. The proposed additions provide a theoretical basis for the applied methods of management of the recovery cycle of complex systems based on the probabilistic analysis of the existing methods of technical operation of buildings.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems existing in the field of training of engineers and technicians in the country. Particular attention is paid to the lack of interaction between production and institutions of continuing education, the decline in the prestige of the engineer profession, the backlog of content and forms of training from the modern requirements for the personality of a highly qualified specialist, etc. The directions of development of engineering education and its transformation into innovative education by special organization of student’s work throughout the study at the University in complex practice - oriented teams, inclusion of students in active creative activity, ensuring their mass participation in research and engineering work, creation of oriented forms of education are considered. The result identifies and describes possible ways to improve engineering education, among which priority should be given to integration of engineering education with industry and science, development of technologies of personnel training using the best traditions of Russian engineering school and the global experience, increased social and financial status of engineering technical worker, and a teacher of the vocational education system etc.

Annotation: Formalized representation of complex non-stationary production processes leads to exponential complication of mathematical methods and models and often the impossibility of solving them, including heuristic methods. The article analyzes mathematical methods and models of situational control systems of the production process. The features of their application for different types of production processes are considered: discrete, discrete – continuous, continuous. An integrative approach is proposed to construct a system-wide model, which combine continuous flow and discrete event flows. This approach makes it easier to formalize the knowledge of specialists in the subject area and use only one form of knowledge representation – flow diagrams. The use of system models based on integrative flowcharts allows to change the type of individual chart elements in the process of system reengineering without changing the topology of links that formalize expert knowledge about the subject area, which significantly reduces the labor costs of changing the model.

Annotation: The problem of this study is relevant in modern conditions. This is evidenced by the frequent study of the questions asked. Also the relevance of this work is due, on the one hand, a considerable interest in the topic of Buddhist traditions in modern science, on the other hand, its lack of development. The article examines the stages of Buddhist religiosity as a cultural and historical phenomenon that characterizes the anthropological aspect. The factors influencing the study of philosophical and historical features of Buddhism, as well as the consideration of the structural components of the national culture of Buddhism on the example of traditional schools of Zen Buddhism are considered. Further attention to the issue of this problem will be considered in more depth, from the point of view of a reasonable solution of particular topical problems of the subject of this decision. To understand the development of these historical processes should be determined in the main directions of the Buddhist tradition, which we consider the example of the formation of Zen Buddhism. The ways of formation of the main schools of Zen Buddhism are determined, the analysis of their formation is carried out and the main tendencies of development of the school of Chan and Zen Buddhism in modern conditions are revealed. The object of the proposed study is to analyze the conditions of formation of schools of Zen Buddhism.

Annotation: Philosophy is a discipline of the regional component in modern higher domestic education. What should be the didactically meaningful selection of educational material for this course for non-philosophical areas of training, where philosophy is studied for one semester? In the Soviet era, Marxism-Leninism was considered the «only true» philosophical doctrine. In Marxist-Leninist philosophy, the «main question of philosophy» was the question of the attitude of thinking to being, which has two sides: what is primary – matter or consciousness and – know whether the world. In the post-Soviet era, it is often said that the «core issue of philosophy» is an ideological stamp that there is no «core issue of philosophy», or that it is hopelessly outdated. The article attempts to understand whether the «basic question of philosophy» is really outdated, to find out what timeless ideas follow from the two main answers to it – materialism and idealism, how they can be relevant today, and also – what role the «second side of the main question of philosophy» can play in modern epistemological and epistemological concepts and worldview, and content of the educational process.

Annotation: The article investigates spatial logic as a means of analysis and means of obtaining new knowledge. Modern spatial logic is at the stage of development, characterized by wide application in science and education, but the lack of a unified methodological approach to problem solving. Methods of analysis that work with traditional models are often inapplicable when there is a need to represent spatial models based on languages interpreted by certain structures, as is the case in spatial logic. The purpose of this article is to systematize the types of spatial logics and directions of their effective application. Within the framework of the goal, the methodological problem in logical generalization, which is to find expressive spatial and logically is analyzed models, is investigated. The informative difference between mathematical and spatial logic based on logical reasoning and spatial analysis is disclosed. Features of application of geometrical, topological, set-theoretic and figurative logic in various fields of knowledge are allocated. The analysis of figurative logic is carried out, the possibilities of its application on the example of cartographic logic are demonstrated. The factors of efficiency of spatial logic and technologies of figurative reasoning are considered. It is shown that spatial logic is an instrument of artificial intelligence and serves as a basis for obtaining new knowledge.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of socio-cultural and economic processes that form new realities of University life in the global world in knowledge society, which are associated primarily with the growth of commercialization and competition in the academic community, as well as with the growth of inequality in the teaching environment. The article consists of two sections: the first one is devoted to the place and role of higher education in the global world and to the unified challenges of our time faced by any major University. The basic contradictions between University competitiveness and the desire for social justice are considered here. The second section clarified the specifics of the University of realities in the countries of the BRICS bloc. It analyzes the current University situation in the BRICS countries in the context of the methodology of comparative analysis with the University realities of industrialized countries, as well as provides socio-cultural recommendations for its further evolution, especially in Russia.

Annotation: Science and education are a form of human activity, the basis in the construction of personality. They participate in the continuous development and understanding of various forms and systems of the human world. Today, this area of human activity needs serious rethinking in deep processing and analysis. This social problem is considered in different dimensions and structures. But we are more interested in the knowledge that humanity receives today. The issue of acquisition and quality of knowledge is a priority, especially important area of application of the acquired knowledge. But the task of this work is rather to change the usual view on the subject of solving the problems of education and science. In this regard, the author sees an opportunity to turn to the centuries-old tradition to consider topical issues. Thus, go to the heritage of Buddhist teachings, for example, Zen Buddhist practices. Since the main task of this work is not to reveal the “scholarship” of Buddhist concepts, but the possibility of deep integration of the doctrine into the person. The author’s desire to show something universal, on the example of the teachings of Buddhism expressed in the theory of questioning. And also on the example of koans, as the implementation of the practical part of questioning in Zen Buddhism.

Annotation: The article proves the need for a thorough analysis and reconsidering of new forms and principles of interaction between Executive authorities at different levels and organizations working in tourism. It also presents a detailed activity analysis of this structure that allows us to identify the peculiarities of its functioning. Structural analysis of Federal Tourism Agency suggests that the priorities of tourism development are reflected only in the hotel industry. Besides in tourism there is no authority with control and supervision functions. Thus state management is not implemented for regulatory tasks and decisions.

Annotation: The article considers improving educational process with the use of information resources and educational environment. For this purpose it analyzes current trends in military education. It touches upon using videoconferencing systems in military higher education institutions. The article considers the interdependent influence of education and tuition on forming cadets’ personality. The authors identify the latest trends and changes in educational programs that give an opportunity to effectively use information resources.

Annotation: In the article using the methods of regression analysis examines data from the international PISA educational monitoring. It is established that Russia shows results higher than the average for all the countries participating in the study and approaches the average results for the group of OECD countries. Parity with OECD countries is feasible in the medium term. It is proposed to use the results of the participation of Russian schools in the monitoring of PISA as criteria for assessing the effectiveness of management of educational institutions. In particular, the results of monitoring can be taken into account in the system of teachers ‘ remuneration. The proposed management principle based on the results will improve the effectiveness of the teaching staff of educational institutions and create prerequisites for the successful development of the disciplines of Humanities and natural Sciences by graduates in subsequent studies at universities.

Annotation: Factors affecting the adaptation of first-year students to new living conditions are scrutinized. Particular attention is paid to the educational component of the adaptation process. The necessity of developing an integral criterion characterizing the general educational level of the applicant is substantiated. It allows to predict the level of adaptation of the applicant to studying at the university. The integral rating criterion was obtained by the method of individual expert estimate on the example of Mathematics. The applicability of this criterion for predicting the success of the adaptation of students to the educational process in higher education is confirmed on the basis of analysis of the results obtained by 100 cadets of the Academy of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, during the entrance examinations, as well as in the learning process. Non-parametric correlations were used to find the relationships. This approach can be used to build similar integral criteria for other specialized academic disciplines that involve the passing of specialized Unified State Exams, as well as extra entrance examinations when entering a university.

Annotation: The article aims at analyzing opportunities of perfecting teaching humanities in non-humanitarian universities based on example of the Russian language. For this purpose the following objectives are reached: efficiency through the prisms of humanities is tackled; potential of such disciplines is revealed; module content structure is proved. The method of research is componential linguo-pedagogical analysis that reveals the specificity of linguistic knowledge, its interdisciplinary ties and potential opportunities of it being used for perfecting educational process.

Annotation: The article deals with the issues of implementation and evaluation of effectiveness of distant continuing education programs. Particular attention is paid to the material and technical basis, as well as to the tools of current and final control of students’ knowledge for developing their professional skills that could guarantee their effective integration into present-day social and professional space.

Annotation: The article discusses issues related to one of the most urgent problems of modern pedagogy – improving the quality of education and possible approaches to its evaluation. The new Federal state educational standards of the third generation 3+ formulate the requirements for the quality of education: the structure of educational programs, the quality of the educational process, the quality of the results focused on the competence-based, activity-based approach to its evaluation. This caused the necessity to improve the system of education quality assessment, the development of modern control and measuring materials to assess the level of knowledge, skills, the level of acquired competences from students. In this regard, the following objectives of the study were identified – to create conditions for improving the system of evaluation of the quality of training, scientific and methodological support of its control and evaluation tools, improving the efficiency of their use, search for modern forms and methods of control. The nature of the tasks determined the choice of research methods: the study and analysis of psychological, linguistic, pedagogical and methodical literature in order to establish the theoretical foundations of the study; targeted pedagogical supervision of educational activities of students, the study and synthesis of advanced pedagogical experience; conversations with students, conducting experiments; processing and analysis of the results of the experiment. The main results of the study. The system of methods and techniques for the diagnostics of the formation of cultural and speech skills, competences of students based on the level of differentiation is theoretically developed and experimentally tested. It allows to evaluate the results of the student’s learning activity taking into account its real capabilities and the initial level of knowledge. The analysis of the research indicators allows to make a conclusion about the positive dynamics of the results of the development of speech culture of students studying in a modular program based on competences. The author believes that the implementation of an integrated approach to the organization of training in the University allows to expand the educational space of Humanities, to form socially significant qualities of the future specialist.

Annotation: The article deals with the application of the principle of management of the results in the pay system in General education. The author proposes to use the results of international educational monitoring PISA as indicators of the effectiveness of teaching staff in the analysis of labor indicators. It is shown that the results shown by Russian schoolchildren approximately correspond to the average results of the study as a whole, but still remain lower than the average for the group of OECD countries. Improvement of indicators is possible through the organization of elective classes, for which teachers should be awarded a stimulating salary Supplement, the amount of which depends on the results shown by students in the PISA study. The proposed approach will significantly improve the quality of General education and the efficiency of teaching staff.

Annotation: The article analyzes the causes of conflict in an educational institution, as well as a sense of anxiety as a factor in the escalation of conflict behavior. The relationship between upbringing and accumulation of anxiety is described. Features of anxious children are brought. The conclusion is made about the connection of anxiety and the suppressing system of education in conflict situations in an educational institution.

Annotation: The article reveals characteristics of interactive teaching a foreign language. It researches separate linguodidactic elements for interactive features. Particular attention is paid to the correlation of notions “communicative” and “interactive” and their interpretation in methodology. It concludes that there are signs of changing the language-teaching paradigm from communicative to interactive.

Annotation: The article views historic premises and present-day peculiarities of projecting national characters in ethnopsychology. It finds specificity and ways of studying national self-consciousness and ethno-stereotypes on this basis. It emphasizes prospectiveness of this method of studying ethnic groups and its being used as methodological base for a number of interdisciplinary spheres focusing on intercultural and international relationships. Interdisciplinary relations in the spectrum of issues of national character and ethnostereotypes are shown as well.

Annotation: In this article, the role of information-communicative technologies in the teaching a foreign language in an institute of higher education is considered. The aim of the author is to discover the enormous possibilities of information technologies which contribute to more effective mastering of a foreign language by students. This topic is relevant in the context of the ubiquitous use of information technologies and the urgent need to address to them when studying at a university. In the context of a competence approach to learning, the cognitive capabilities of computers, social networks and the Internet deserve priority attention. The author analyzes various forms, methods and results of using information technologies. The author makes a conclusion about the positive value of the application of information-communicative technologies and the successful formation of professional and personal competences. The main results indicate the increase in students’ motivation to learn a foreign language; overcoming the language barrier; development of speech competence; acquisition of cultural knowledge; development of creative abilities.

Annotation: The article proves role and significance of athletic gymnastics as a means of cognitive and emotional discharge under increasing information streams and information overload. It presents a technology consisting of a complex of exercises at different stages that provide total invigoration of organism and psychological well-being.

Annotation: Strategic competency and its role in formation of students’ readiness for foreign communicative activity is one of the most important conditions of effective foreign training of non-linguistic students for successful intercultural communication. It is important as to be able to practice effective interpersonal and intercultural communication, which is considered as the basic result of high education, a modern specialist must have a sum of linguistic, cross-cultural and etiquette knowledge as well as be able to choose definite linguistic clichés which are appropriate for the communicative situation. A graduate must also be able to react to unexpected turnings of the conversation, must know how to choose the adequate line of communicative behavior and how to avoid from some possible problems, which can obstruct effective interaction of partners in communication. However, to make such communicative activity possible, strategic competence must be considered as students’ and graduates’ functional feature. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze the pedagogical conditions considered as one of the components of a pedagogical framework. The main problems the author deals with are: to analyze and classify the phenomenon of pedagogical conditions; to emphasize and describe the pedagogical conditions which may have a positive impact on the process of formation of students’ strategic competence; to define the key features of pedagogical conditions which determine the process of formation of the strategic competence while studying foreign languages at non-linguistic university. The solution of the problems was carried out with the help of general scientific methods, such as analysis and synthesis as well as description and modeling. As a result of the research the author introduces an author’s model of the complex of pedagogical conditions which promote the formation of non-linguistic students’ strategic competence.

Annotation: The article views the opportunities of using gadgets as didactic means. It estimates their pedagogical and methodological potential in educational space. It review key works dedicated to the role of mobile devices in human life and education. The article present the result of student poll on the use of gadgets. It concludes that their daily effect can be transferred onto education. It suggests the premises of a new paradigm in didactics with the key question of effective using pedagogical potential of gadgets.

Annotation: The article deals with topical issues and questions on the subject of informational safety and forming educational environment in a secondary school. Particularities of teacher’s participation in shaping educational environment with informational security for pupils of different age are viewed.

Annotation: The article examines the influence of the image of the junior schoolchildren on conflict. Purpose: to examine the characteristics of the influence of the image of self on conflict in the younger school age; The study of the influence of self-esteem on the conflicts of younger schoolchildren. The methodological basis of the study was LS Vygotsky’s ideas, LI Bozhovich, P.Ya. Galperin on the formation of the personality of the junior schoolboy, his Image of J. Hypothesis: self-esteem in younger school age influences the schoolchild’s conflict. It is shown that at this age, all components of the image of the self can influence the conflictual personality.

Annotation: Post-Soviet social transformations touched upon all the sides of social life, including education both secondary and higher. Current educational reality principally differs from that of 30 years ago. One of the crucial reformation elements in education is considerable decrease of knowledge component and competence incline as well both at school and in university. Educational technologies also underwent considerable changes, which manifested in rating system, electronic testing, distant-learning implemented in the education process. The article attempts to estimate the efficiency of such changes and their influence on real forming students’ knowledge and competences. The key conclusion is the statement that the better is, probably, harmful for the good and one step forward means usually two following steps back. Meanwhile neglecting knowledge component inevitably leads to considerable decrease in quality of education level. The author suggests practical steps for increasing the level of knowledge forming and its checking by means of a quiz.

Annotation: The article views peculiarities of multifunctional computer environment “Psychometric Expert” for organizing medical psychologist’s automatized workstation in civil aviation. It reveals the specificity of working with piloting staff as well as the technology of working in this electronic medium. The article gives conclusion about the value of a united database of examinees for optimizing medical psychologist’s work in this sphere.

Annotation: The article deals with teaching professional foreign language. It proves the importance of introducing its components into bachelor’s courses. It views humanitarization of educational content as the key optimization principle that allows to train students of all profiles equally effectively for interaction in social space. Methodological opportunities of modeling the content on this base are viewed as well.

Annotation: This article is devoted to the problems of information technologies influence on the system of education and the impact of computer-based learning on overcoming students’ fears. Computerization of education is in rapid evolution and it affects the pace and the quality of education. There is a tendency to increase in the role of software used to improve the quality of teaching, cognitive interest and students’ liberation. The article deals with the concept of fear and the reasons for students’ fear in modern educational institutions. It presents the ways of information technologies implementation in the process of education, including distant learning, psychological diagnostics, introduction of interactive technologies. Much attention is given to the analysis of information technologies as means of overcoming students’ psychological stress. The results prove the necessity for extensive use of information technologies in the process of education as a means of psychological support for students in the course of their adaptation to the education system.

Annotation: The article presents analysis of capabilities of Lesson-Study technology for development of teachers’ professional competences and identifies the features of its usage in teaching practice. The relevance of the research is substantiated by importance of teacher’s professional growth under present conditions of reforming Russian education, as well as by increasing attention to studying the relevant foreign pedagogical experience, particularly, the experience of using Lesson-Study for developing and improving teaching and learning processes. The article reveals Lesson-Study content (a pedagogical approach that characterizes a special form of сlass activity research, aimed at improving teacher’s practical knowledge). Lesson-Study genesis is described as well. The attitude of modern scholars and teachers to using Lesson-Study for professional competences development is analyzed. The stages of Lesson-Study implementation are highlighted and its advantages are listed.

Annotation: The article deals with the use of innovative technologies in higher education and their role in the training of highly professional personnel in the field of law. The author reveals the experience of using such methods and forms of work as the method of projects, “case study” (training with the use of specific educational situations), business and role-playing games, grammatical modeling, training technologies (training of business communication, personal development, communication skills).

Annotation: The article discusses the impact of communication technologies on the social development of XIX–XX century and early XXI century. It is concluded that the progress of technology over the two time periods led to similar consequences. Result of the development of communication media has been the transformation of social institutions, democratization or destabilization of existing political regimes. Emergence of new means of communication at the turn of XIX–XX centuries was preceded by the formation of a modern information society.

Annotation: The article considers the labor potential of the head of local self-government. A sociological survey was conducted and the results were processed. The hierarchical structure of labor potential is built. The characteristics of the labor potential of the head of local self-government in the order of their priority are arranged. The relation of subordinates (municipal employees and employees of local government) to labor potential of the head and to its separate characteristics is analyzed.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the actual problem for modern pedagogy of higher school-the identification of organizational and pedagogical conditions for self-actualization in the educational process of students and teachers. The author pays considerable attention to the substantiation of reference points for the teacher’s choice of appropriate learning technologies, which include: opportunities for creating a space of free choice and creative knowledge; opportunities for polysubject interaction. The analysis of modern active technologies and methods from the specified positions allows revealing their special potential in providing necessary conditions for selfactualization of subjects of educational process.

Annotation: The importance of modern innovative educational technologies (SOT) in the teaching of Humanities and natural Sciences in the field of “Economics” is difficult to overestimate. Constant learning becomes an integral part of a successful person’s life today. This applies primarily to the humanitarian field of knowledge, but also to natural science and technical disciplines. They form the most important communication links, on the basis of which the action of pedagogical educational ties. The modern information environment of the University is formed on the basis of CEAT to a large extent. In the article the analysis of SIOT in teaching the Humanities and the natural Sciences. Their specificity is defined. Features of use of ORPHANS in training of students in the direction “Economy” are allocated.

Annotation: In the article, the proposed approach is joint processing of information of various kinds to solve the problem of state estimation of complex systems. The proposed approach is based on the application of the provisions of mathematical computer science, fuzzy set theory, theory of ultra-operators.

Annotation: The article views potential of dialogues in teaching foreign languages at the basic stage. It reveals and systemizes linguistic and psychological features of dialogical speech. It proves the role of dialogues in forming general communicative personality’s culture. The article concludes about significance of dialogue as the transitive link between the simplest forms of communication to its complex forms.

Annotation: The twentieth century entered the history of civilizations as a time of advances in information technology, which caused changes in the thinking of society, influenced the development of science, art and culture, led to significant changes in the perception of a modern man. Professional competence cannot be built within sudden training at the University. The competence of a graduate and his professionalism is projected into knowledge, skills, and abilities of a specialist. The article deals with the actual problems of formation of professional competences in the process of teaching students of the direction «art of costume and textiles», where the ability of a graduate of a higher educational institution directly depends on the formation of his professional and personal qualities, artistic and project thinking, creative potential, desire for professional growth and self-realization. The author reveals the historical background and methods of using the heritage of our ancestors. The conditions and regularities of the formation of professional competencies of graduates are revealed through the development and application of traditional knowledge and arts and crafts, through the development of fabric dyeing technology at the initial stage of the project design.

Annotation: In article on the basis of the information approach the proposed method of synthesis of ultrapurity analysis of complex objects in terms of information redundancy with application of the provisions of mathematical Informatics, with the aim of solving the problem of processing large amounts of data in emergency situations.

Annotation: The article topicalizes issues of studying informational competence from pedagogical and social viewpoints. It presents structural analysis of this notion and the specificity of its interlingual paradigm. It views definite examples of perfecting the process of forming interlingual informational competence.

Annotation: Terminology of electronic training in Russia is regulated by a number of normative documents of Rostekhregulirovaniya of 2006–2009 and the law on education in the Russian Federation. These normative documents enter and briefly define concepts: electronic training (ET), educational content, electronic educational resource (EER), electronic training material (ETM), remote educational technologies (RET) and others. However, the laconicism and formality of normative documents doesn’t give a complete and broad idea of features of the formulated concepts, their modern filling, forms and implementers. This article is devoted to the review, systematization and the substantial analysis of the diverse concepts and terms connected with electronic training. It is especially relevant in the conditions of mass application of information and communication technologies in educational process. Article reduces in uniform concepts from various normative documents, reveals their contents and features, shows interrelation of concepts and terms. Experience of application and the requirement to the systems of electronic training, their merits and demerits is considered. During creation of the electronic educational environment electronic educational resources of different types and categories of complexity are used. In article classification and the short characteristic of the service software of general purpose, electronic textbooks, software of control of level of knowledge of students, electronic exercise machines, software of mathematical and imitating modeling, software of virtual laboratories used in training, information retrieval help systems, the automated training systems, the expert and intellectual training systems is given. The attention is focused on specific features of these educational resources.

Annotation: The design of low-power circuits is becoming increasingly important due to the fact that excessive energy dissipation by digital devices becomes an obstacle to further increase the integration level and VLSI complexity, as well as due to the expansion of the market of portable self-powered devices. The energy consumption depends on many electrical and topological parameters of the circuit, and its reduction can be ensured at different design levels. In this connection, one of the most important problems is the development of methods and tools for energy consumption estimation not only of circuits at the transistor level, but also for calculating forecast estimates in the process of their design. The paper deals with the problem of energy consumption estimation of microcircuits based on CMOS technology. The energy consumption estimate is understood as the estimate of the average value of the energy dissipated by the circuit. The paper presents an analytical survey of known methods for estimating the average energy consumption of static CMOS circuits in the normal mode of their operation, used at different design stages.

Annotation: The article presents the first constructed stochastic model of the motion of a gyrostabilized platform that allows solving the problem of rail track parameters control based on the use of a high-precision inertial navigation system.

Annotation: Considerable part of renewable sources of energy based on such natural natural resources as energy of sunlight and wind. At the choice of locations of stations of green power there is a need for information on spatial and temporary distribution of the expected power characteristics depending on a geographical arrangement of the station. Assessment of potential of solar and wind energy is made by measurements on network of meteorological stations on which regular observations are made. As the space which isn’t captured by network of meteorological stations in some regions reaches up to 1000 km, there is a need to interpolate or extrapolate the available data to the required geographical areas. In the article on the base of results of complex measurements of current of solar photo-electric batteries and speed of wind the analysis of correlation characteristics of the field of average daily values of solar illumination and speed of wind in comparison to data of the international data archive of PV-GIS from 2007 for 2016 is carried out. Variations on longitude and on width are considered. The obtained data can be used for spatial extrapolation of quantitative characteristics of sources of “green” energy, and for estimates of reliability of network from such separate sources.

Annotation: In this article, components and the principles of formation of the phantom polyedral environment of a control system (management information system) of the closed type with use of technologies of virtualization and the program-configured networks are considered and defined.

Annotation: The increase of response efficiency of the rescue and emergency services to emergency situations and incidents with use of the modern information and communication technologies is especially relevant in sparsely populated and extensive territories of Siberia. We offer the technology of mobile two-sided data exchange for complex monitoring of dangerous events: from one side – the “public monitoring” of dangers, threats and violations ensuring online information to management centre, and from another side – mailing to “mobile subscribers” of the spot news, forecasts of a situation, reliable information about emergency situations and the course of their elimination. In this paper, the functional features of hardware and software in field of life safety for the purpose of their selection and integration in the system of complex monitoring are investigated. The questions of creation of the hybrid applications, which provides the advantages of the native and web applications integration are considered. The main of them are cross-platform and direct access possibility to the mobile devices equipment. The information services of complex monitoring of dangerous events were applied in Emercom crisis management centre of the Krasnoyarsk region.

Annotation: В представленной работе объектом исследования являются результаты последнего этапа исторического развития России, которые показывают, что попытка следовать по пути либерализации страны во всех ее компонентах обернулась определенными неудачами. Попытка интеграции с Западом привела объективно к потере самостоятельного курса. Тем самым был утрачен смысл существования России как самостоятельно цивилизации. Это привело к частичной деградации основных институтов общества. Лозунг свободы обернулся формированием общества потребления. Только в последнее десятилетие страна медленно приходит к осознанию себя как важнейшего субъекта истории и международных отношений, все глубже понимая свою посткоммунистическую сущность, свое место в современном мире. Предметом исследования является анализ основных различий и особенностей развития Российской цивилизации в течение нескольких столетий. Показаны основные сущностные компоненты, которые отличают ее от Западной цивилизации. В предмет исследования входит также анализ причин и факторов, которые в своей совокупности не дают оснований для утверждения о том, что если бы Россия стала частью Европы, то это стало бы успешной реализацией «либерального проекта», подготовленного пришедшей к власти политической элитой, в рамках постсоветского проекта развития страны. Опираясь на исторический анализ, цивилизационный подход и полученные выводы, которые вытекают из него в понимании истории страны и формировании ее культуры как особого типа цивилизации, автор делает вывод о необходимости серьезной трансформации современной системы образования, которая смогла бы отвечать на вызовы времени. Современная система образования должна стать своего рода духовным компасом, указывающим обществу вектор его исторического развития, а также институтом, в рамках которого стала бы формироваться современная национальная элита общества, способная решать задачи общественного развития и вести страну в направлении соответствующего вектора исторического развития.

Annotation: Using the method of special interpolating Haar filtering, sufficient conditions are found for the parameters of the financial market with an countable number of States. These conditions make it possible to convert the initial incomplete arbitrage-free financial markets into a complete arbitrage-free. The obtained results can serve as a basis for creating a software package that can be used by investors to select the best strategies in the financial markets and build their hedging portfolios.

Annotation: The article explores two important factors of information systems and models: complementarity and informational correspondence. Complementarity may be present in information processing and decision–making systems. Logical complementarity may be present in the logic circuits and algorithms of complementarity improves the quality of the system and its balance. Informational compliance allows you to make a comparative assessment and evaluate the ability to solve problems before starting from a solution. The article systematizes the types of complementarity and informational conformity. An example of linear complementarity equations that are used to solve optimization problems is shown. An analogue is the simplex method, which is applicable only for piecewise linear functions. The linear complementarity method is applicable for more complex functions. Complementarity allows checking various processes for truth and non-contradiction. Program verification methods use the complementarity property implicitly. The article introduces three related complementary concepts: functional consistency, functional complement, functional consistency. These three concepts describe a common entity, but allow you to analyze it separately. The article shows the similarities and differences between informational correspondence and complementarity.

Annotation: The paper deals with the scientific and practical task of expanding the class of tasks in the field of model-oriented design using modern tools. The functional features of intelligent technical systems are considered from the point of view of model-oriented design. The analysis of the possibility of comprehensive verification of the technical requirements for the results of the design of a complex technical system with MatLab development tools is carried out. The need for this test is due to the modern concept of quality assessment of information systems and regulated by domestic and international standards. Feature of intelligent technical systems is the heterogeneity and lack of clarity of the algorithms, making inferences, generating the control actions and their implementation, which complicates the verification of compliance with the requirements of the technical specifications at the design stage. The possibility of complex application of MatLab tools for solving non-typical project problems is considered.

Annotation: The article discusses the ideological and socio-cultural premises of Zen Buddhism formation. It reveals the continuity specificity of Chan and Zen Buddhism schools. It analyzes the main principles of Zen philosophical teachings. The article presents the postulates about the social and cultural significance of Zen Buddhism as a specific kind of social consciousness.

Annotation: The article deals with the problem of reorganization in the sphere of education and the influence of the process discussed on the emergence of pedagogical conflicts. Much attention is paid to national programs as legal framework of the restructuring in education. The analysis helps to elicit the aspects of reorganizational changes relevant to the level of conflicts. Modern reform of education resulted in unification of educational institutions, management and curriculum change, the revision of wage system. It is proved that these modifications require adaptation efforts on the part of the participants of educational process and provoke pedagogical conflicts. The study reveals the specific features of conflicts in such dyad connections as “teacher-teacher”, “teacher-student”, “student-student”, “teacher-parents”, “teacher-manager”, “parents-manager”. The research shows that it is necessary to use social-psychological methods of conflict regulation.

Annotation: The issues of maximum use of the frequency resource of ultra-wideband signals with orthogonally frequency multiplexing for subsequent tone redundancy and reduction of the peak factor of the signal are considered.

Annotation: The method of modeling of diffuse X-ray scattering by polycrystalline metal solid solutions due to distortions of ideal lattice because of difference in the sizes of atoms (dimension effect) is considered. Macroscopic and microscopic models of calculation of structure factors of size effects were compared. It is shown that the linear structure factor in microscopic and macroscopic model differ slightly. The square structure factor calculated in macroscopic model considerably differs from a square structure factor calculated by microscopic model. In work it is concluded that at model operation use of microscopic model is necessary. It is shown that calculated intensity of diffuse X-ray scattering by metal solid solution considerably depends on order parameters even at the small difference of components form factors.

Annotation: The article aims at revealing the issues of PR institutional development in present-day Russian society as well as the vector of behavioral attitudes in the context of institutional evolution under globalization. The topicality of research is confirmed by newly appearing vectors of institutional space of post-industrial society. Continuing transformations of institutes in the aspect of globalization conditions the interest in the issue of institutional heterogeneity with high indeterminateness and deep deformation of subjects’ behavioral functions. The topicality is also conditioned by clearly appearing heterogeneity of Russian economic and social space. The latter is characterized among all by the dependence of the trajectory of past development. Under such conditions the understanding of which specific institutes appear in this process and which is the institutional platform and dominants under globalization gains topicality as well.

Annotation: The main objective of the research is to consider corporate culture of an educational institution as means of conflict settling and prevention. The article analyzes key features of corporate culture which turn it into an efficient instrument of conflict settling and prevention. The author presents the main stages of conflict settling with the help of corporate culture recourses. The results of the research are discussed and proved. For an empiric research such techniques as “Strategy and tactics of behavior in a conflict situation” (K. Thomas) and “The analysis of corporate culture of the organization” (V.V. Adamovich) were used. The research shows that the type of corporate culture strongly influences the style of staff behavior in a disputed situation. It is also proved that such elements of corporate culture as management style and commonly shared values, norms and rules are of utmost importance for conflict settling and prevention in an educational institution.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the generalization of web-content management experience, which is used as an audiovisual source on the internal television of the University. The method of content visualization is proposed, which allows automating the process of information output from the corporate website of the University to the internal TV screens and “in-active kiosk”, as well as avoiding excessive duplication of content. The possibilities of open standards for web-technologies, which are offered as a non-existent alternative for Digital Signage systems, are considered. The results of testing the proposed method of using web-technologies in the formation of audiovisual content on the internal television of the world are considered. Methodical recommendations on optimization and implementation of automated output of information content on the internal television of the University (In-door TV) and the possibility of using a single source of content and a single web-content management system that combines the website and Indoor TV of the University are formulated.

Annotation: The presented article deals with the approaches to the issue of human digital trace on the Internet i.e. the sum of information a man leaves, searches and consumes in the net. It grounds the topicality of humanitarian aspect on the background of Internet rising not only as telecommunication technology but as a specific social space as well. Taking into account the fact that for many people electronic space has become a lifestyle this space claims for the status of socio-existential. The article reveals the stages of Internet genesis that led to its availability and social spread and detects their interconnection. It reveals the components of digital trace and their interrelation. The key link is enumerating humanitarian approaches that present a possibility to study this phenomenon in different aspects. Thus the leading method of research is humanitarian abstraction and interdisciplinary analysis. The conclusions prove the potential of humanitarian paradigm of studying the Internet and outline the corresponding vectors of deeper researches of humans living in digital space.

Annotation: The article describes the main features of the social and labor conflict in the educational organization. Specific characteristics of the conflict on the example of school are defined. The influence of social and labor conflict on the work of educational organization is studied, varieties of social and labor conflicts at school are considered.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the problem of adaptation of modern geoinformation technologies to domestic specifics of the archaeological researches covering the period of Modern times (18th – the beginning of the 20th centuries) in Russia. On the basis of the analysis of modern publications of experts in the sphere of information technologies and archeology specifics of input and storage of spatial data, snapping to it of different kinds of information, generation of standard forms of the reporting, creation of virtual reconstruction of archaeological objects are considered. The analysis of the examples reviewed in the research indicates that domestic experience of use of geoinformation technologies in archaeological researches often has the specifics which have distinctions with common international practice. It is connected with features of archaeological heritage of Russia and also with difference in standards of the scientific description of archeological objects, forms of reporting and certification. The analysis of initiative developments which have been made in Russia in recent years indicates that their integration and mass introduction requires formation of the general strategy of informatization of archaeological researches.

Annotation: In this article the ideology problem in the educational organization is considered. It is an important element of organizational culture and management of educational institution. In article the maintenance of a concept of organizational ideology, its feature in the educational organization and a role in the course of organizational development reveals. On the basis of a typology of organizational culture K. Cameron and R. Kuinn are allocated types of organizational ideology in the educational organization, their characteristics, advantages and shortcomings are described. Results of the empirical research of organizational ideology conducted on the basis of two educational organizations on the basis of which conclusions are drawn on character the ideologies existing in these organizations are presented in article and need of acceptance of administrative measures for their transformation is proved. Also by results of the conducted research recommendations about the possible directions of development of organizational ideology for increase in competitiveness of educational institution, strengthening of unity of pedagogical collective, perfecting of a control system of the educational organization are developed.

Annotation: The article proposes the project of the educational stand «Electronic Declaration», based on the simulation of the interaction of special software products used by the FCS of Russia

Annotation: The report is devoted to the description of the creation of an electronic information and educational environment in the ESSUTM on the basis of available and developed software

Annotation: The article deals with approaches and interpretations of intercultural communication in XX works. It is the epoch when the latter started branching out as an independent sphere of knowledge under accelerating informational and globalization processes, which led to increasing intercultural contacts. It reviews the theories of G. Hofstede, E. Hirsch and E. Hall. Particularly important is interconnection of intercultural communication and intercultural competence that is revealed basing on aforementioned ideas.

Annotation: The object of research in the article is educational process with tuition, upbringing and development as constituent parts. The matter of research is quality of mainly humanitarian education after digital technologies having been inculcated into its process. The greater attention is paid to socio-cultural analysis of reasons and factors as well as negative tendencies that take place in social life and education due to inadequate and thoughtless informatization. The article focuses on objective reasons that lead to ambiguous results of contemporary education conflicting with those expected by pedagogues and society. Basing on cultural approach the author estimates university education results and its using digital technologies through the prism of culture criteria. This allows us not only to see these results (including negative), but to understand the nature of these reasons. The main method of research is dialectical analysis of contradictions in educational process and in forming students’ culture and worldview. The article concludes that it is humans but not technologies who should rule in the world. The novelty of the work is in the new facet of viewing the issue and in cultural approaches that help to better understand topical matters of improving education quality as well. The initial criteria of estimating university graduates should be criteria of culture. The approaches and estimates given in the article allow us to find new methods contributing to creating more effective and efficient pedagogical technologies.

Annotation: The article is devoted to analysis of the correlation between scientific and educational technologies, which are considered in methodological, functional and historical aspects. There is identified the phenomenon of the lag of educational technology, but also established the conditions under which it can be overcome in the modern world

Annotation: The report is dedicated to comparative analysis of European and Russian high engineer education development. Experience of The High Telecommunications Engineer School of the Madrid Polytechnic University and the Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics is used as an example

Annotation: The article reveals psychological and pedagogical aspects of intercultural communication as knowledge. Particular attention is paid to their interconnection in the context of issues of forming personality in contemporary multi-ethnic society. It also reveals intercultural communication influencing theory and practice of teaching foreign languages. Intercultural communication is presented as a paradigm of this process that touches on its theoretical basis and practical aspects.

Annotation: This article describes the key aspects of the new opportunities to attract private investors in the field of physical culture and sports

Annotation: The article views certain aspects of using sand-play therapy as a technology of student-assistance in university psychological service. It reveals the genesis, practical peculiarities and opportunities of sand-play therapy in modern education. The presented qualitative analysis allows to reflect its effectiveness in a university psychological laboratory.

Annotation: The goal of this survey article is the analysis of the current state and changes taking place in National Research and Educational Networks (NREN) and defining the tendencies of their development