Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The subject of the study is Russian integration into global production chains (GPC) through diversification of non-resource non-energy exports (NNE). The aim of the work is to develop a strategy to strengthen Russian position in the GPC, considering the current geopolitical tensions. Special attention is paid to the stimulation of the national non-resource sector by the raw material industries. The study is based on the analysis of the interim results of the “International cooperation and export” program, which showed the continued relevance of diversification of NNE and the need to revise the existing approaches. At the same time, an assessment of the degree of Russian integration into GPC for the period 2014–2024 was carried out based on the analysis of World Bank and World Trade Organization studies. The conclusion is drawn on the dominance of upward participation over downward participation. Based on the results of the study, a comprehensive strategy for the greater integration of the country into global production chains has been developed. The strategy is based on the conclusion that Russia, as a significant global exporter of raw materials, has the potential to effectively use this advantage by creating infrastructure focused on deep processing of raw materials and production of high value-added products.

Annotation: The article describes the features of macro-regions as subjects of meso-level economic regulation and their place in achieving strategic goals of spatial development. It is shown that the institutional structure of macroregions within the strategic planning system does not allow them to function as a coherent entity. A set of problems has been identified that prevent macro-regions from becoming full-fledged participants in the state policy of regional development, which include the lack of development of their status, lack of subjectivity, the presence of other macro-territories represented by federal districts, which leads to the “duplication” of participants at the meso- level of spatial regulation organization. The conclusion is made about the rather formal nature of macro-regional strategies aimed at ensuring the interaction of regional economies within the socio-economic space of a country, as their goal-setting is not supported by adequate institutions, resources, and tools. Proposals have been made to clarify conceptual approaches to the development of strategic documents for macroregions, in order to establish a logical relationship with the strategies of federal subjects and fill them with specific content and indicators. This will increase the functional capabilities of meso-territories in ensuring the unity of the economic space.

Annotation: The article studies the impact of a decent life of an individual on improving the quality and effectiveness of the national innovation system (NIS) in the context of modern threats to sustainable socio-economic development. A new “six-pronged” NIS model has been developed and substantiated, including a dignified person, civil society, the rule of law, science, education and entrepreneurship. The high production capacity and efficiency of the new NIS has been revealed, which consists in a full cycle of innovation creation: from implicit knowledge to the final product of personal and productive consumption. The proposed algorithm for the functioning of the new NIS within the framework of the appropriate mechanism of public-private partnership in optimizing cen- tralized planning and market self-regulation is considered. A new parametric model of NIS is proposed, based on the paradigm of a decent life for an individual and meeting the requirements of expanded reproduction of large-scale and radical innovations. The general outline of a new political economic model of decent living and modernization of the economy as a disciplinary matrix of qualitative renewal of the NIS in the conditions of the sixth technological order and the requirements of ensuring economic security has been developed. The increas- ing role of the public sector of the economy as the most important source of implicit knowledge and, hence, the cognitive basis of NIS is justified.

Annotation: The study examines the specifics of the National Innovation System (NIS) of the Russian Federation. The author emphasizes that in modern conditions of sanctions pressure, the NIS of a country determines technological sov- ereignty. The rationale for the relevance of the topic is provided, which is based on statistical data. Based on the analysis of indicators (innovation activity, index of inventive activity), negative trends in innovation activity are identified. The variety of approaches to the definition of the concept of “NIS” is characterized. The influence of all these approaches on the development of the NIS of the Russian Federation is stated. The conclusion is made about the importance of the “national” specifics of NIS. According to the author, the specific features of the na- tion (mentality) significantly complement the factors that determine the intellectual activity of personnel in the innovation system and, as a result, the intellectual activity of NIS, which ensures the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation. The modern features of NIS are highlighted: acceleration of STP, structural reconstruc- tion, intellectualization of personnel, humanization of management. The importance of the spiritual and moral essence of innovation reproduction as a modern specificity of the intellectual activity of NIS is emphasized. A new interpretation of the definition of “NIS” is proposed. The author’s conclusions collectively contribute to the systematization of research activities, the definition of a new emphasis on the development of effective manage- ment solutions in order to ensure the technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation.

Annotation: he research in this article is aimed at studying fundamentally new mechanisms and forms of financing invest- ment projects caused by technological development and external macroeconomic conditions. The methodological basis of the study is a comparative, quantitative-sum assessment of empirical data and statistical information. The article presents an assessment of the investment activity of the domestic economy over the past five years with the concretization of stimulating factors. Specific forms of innovative investment financing instruments are outlined, as well as their varieties. The interpretation and characteristics of each instrument are given. The current level of legal regulation of new forms of investment financing was analyzed. A comparative description of individual Russian investment platforms is presented, the dynamics of their total number over the past three years is considered. An assessment of the level of application of innovative financing tools is given, the prospects for their further development in the domestic economy are outlined. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the systematization of new forms of financing of investment projects and the disclosure of the characteristic features of certain types of financing.