Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The article examines the legal and economic aspects of motor insurance as one of the systemic threats to the financial stability of insurance organizations, as well as discloses theoretical and methodological prerequisites for introducing a set of practical recommendations aimed at countering this negative phenomenon. The authors identify the most common fraudulent schemes, clarify methodological approaches to managing the risks of fraud in the field of auto insurance, including the formation of mechanisms for corporate counteraction to destructive practices and ensuring the security of the insurance business and protecting the interests of insurers, including on the basis of the use of modern information technologies. The authors propose a set of recommendations for managing the risks of fraud in the field of auto insurance, which makes it possible to move from the classification of industrial practices to the formation of a corporate system without danger. The proposed recommendations imply a deep integration of risk management into the corporate strategy of insurance organizations in order to reduce costs, increase the stability and risk-free functioning of the insurance business, as well as increase customer confidence.

Annotation: The article examines the transformation of the Indian labor market in the face of global economic chal- lenges. It examines employment dynamics and the structure of unemployment in contemporary India, analy- ses key trends in labor relations, and highlights the specifics of labor market interactions between India and Russia. This article emphasizes the critical importance of studying demographic factors and structural imbalances in the Indian labor market. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of “jobless growth”, gender imbalance, and high youth unemployment. Prospects for Russian-Indian cooperation in the field of human resources are analyzed, including employment opportunities for Indian specialists in Russia and the development of high-tech industries in India. Recommendations are made to improve employment regulation mechanisms and increase the efficiency of labor resource use. The conclusion emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing India’s labor market challenges, taking into account internal struc- tural characteristics and opportunities for international cooperation. The study highlights the importance of further developing partnerships between Russia and India to create an effective employment system and realize the potential of both countries.

Annotation: The tightening of sanctions against China makes the assessment of its national innovation system’s capacity for autonomous development critically important. This article proposes a composite index of technological self-sufficiency that aggregates three components: innovation capacity, production capacity, and supply chain independence. The index builds upon a two-tier corporate model of “national champions” and “little giants” that encompasses large state-owned companies and certified small and medium-sized enterprises. Calculations for 2014–2024 show an increase in the index from 0.28 to 0.83, driven primarily by stronger supply chain in- dependence. Comparisons with international technology leadership indicators confirm the systemic nature of this shift. Before the sanctions, the model focused on catch-up development and expansion into international markets, and after that the focus changed to technological autonomy and a closed internal system. However, an asymmetry is revealed: the increase in production capacity is noticeably lagging behind innovative achievements, which creates a potential vulnerability of the model under further sanctions pressure.

Annotation: The article examines banking mechanisms of housing construction savings as an instrument for financing housing construction in Kazakhstan. The theoretical foundations of the housing construction savings system are analyzed, which is based on a combination of savings and credit mechanisms of bank financing for housing acquisition. Particular attention is paid to the role of banking institutions in the formation of long-term financial resources for the development of housing construction. The study evaluates the economic efficiency of the housing con- struction savings system and its impact on the development of the construction industry, the expansion of bank lending opportunities for the population, and the improvement of housing affordability. Based on the analysis of statistical data and scientific research, the key advantages of this model are identified, including the formation of a sustainable resource base for banks, the reduction of credit risks, and the stimulation of investment activity in the housing sector. The main constraints on the development of the system related to institutional and market factors are identified. Directions for improving the banking mechanisms of housing construction savings are proposed, aimed at increasing the efficiency of housing construction financing and expanding their role in the development of the national housing market.

Annotation: The article examines labor force competitiveness in conditions where artificial intelligence has ceased to be merely a tool for automating routine work operations. The study involved a systematic analysis of Russian and interna- tional scholarly research devoted to the theoretical and methodological foundations of labor force competitiveness, macroeconomic regulation of employment issues, enhancement of specialists’ competitiveness in the labor market, the specifics of competitiveness formation among young workers, and digital competencies as a component of em- ployee competitiveness. The study finds that existing competitiveness models do not reflect the qualitative changes in the Russian labor market since 2022–2023. Traditional professional skills are no longer a competitive edge – they have become a baseline requirement, with new demands emerging on top of them. It was concluded that the author’s integral three-level model of specialist competitiveness requires supplementation with new determinants: non-replicable competencies, cognitive capital, the ability to work in conjunction with artificial intelligence, adap- tive educational potential, digital professional presence, and ethical responsibility for decisions made.