Headings of the journal
"Economics and Management"

Annotation: The article evaluates the effectiveness of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Moscow oblast based on a comparison of the planned targets for the effectiveness of state support for small and medium- sized businesses and the results achieved so far. During the analysis, the main problems of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Moscow oblast were identified, such as an increase in the number of small and medium-sized businesses only at the expense of microenterprises; low number of employees employed by small and medium-sized businesses; the tendency of a significant increase in the number of self-employed citizens, in particular due to the transfer of many small and medium-sized business workers to self-employment. The article develops measures to eliminate the identified problems. The results of the study can be used to optimize and improve the effectiveness of state policy in the field of development of small and medium-sized businesses in the Moscow oblast.

Annotation: The article postulates the natural commonality of geospheres, biosphere and society with its economic systems. Thus, the phenomenon of life is represented as a unidirectional self-organization of biosystems in the flow of Pri- mary energy. The task of the study is to identify possible anthropogenic strategies for managing the preservation and development of the phenomenon of life. The boundary condition of the issue is determined: the adaptation of two biosystems with different directions of self-organization and inertia under the influence of both internal and external fluctuations. A continuous cyclic process of adaptation of biosystems with statistical and bifurca- tion character is revealed. It is noted that the economic systems of society, providing the phenomenon of life, involving the resources of the geospheres and the biosphere, are hypersensitive to perturbations and adapt in the “online” mode. The identified five adaptation strategies are distinguished by natural spatial localization and combinatoriality. The proposed formalization of natural processes and the revealed patterns can form the basis of a scientific and methodological approach to the search for optimal adaptation strategies.

Annotation: The essence of a sustainable infrastructure project is defined as a project aimed at creating durable infrastructure facilities that are generated taking into account the ability to eliminate or reduce the adverse environmental, social and economic consequences of the project. It’s justified that in conditions of the existing investment gap, limited op- portunities for public financing, economic recession, climate crisis and social contradictions, the implementation of sustainable infrastructure projects through public-private partnership (PPP) contracts is of particular importance. The realization of such projects makes it possible to increase the volume, quality and accessibility of public goods for all groups of the population while ensuring favorable results in the format of sustainable development. It’s concluded that PPP represents an effective tool for achieving sustainable development goals and compliance with the ESG criteria in the infrastructure. The features of the creation and fulfillment of sustainable infrastructure projects PPP, external and internal environmental factors that stimulate their scale and success in the modern Russian economy are revealed.

Annotation: In this research paper, the author raises the acute issue of depopulation of rural areas of the Russian Federation at the present time. Statistical data confirming the occurrence of depopulation process over a long period of time are presented. The author identifies the main causes of the decline of rural areas and identifies the relationship between the level of socio-economic development of rural areas and the state of the main transport infrastructure. The study confirms that a well-developed transport infrastructure acts as a catalyst for economic growth in rural areas, providing access to markets, stimulating local production and attracting investment. However, using the example of assessing the condition of highways in federal districts, it was revealed that the current quality and length of transport routes have only a minor impact on the economic growth of territories. Taking into account the specificities and needs of rural areas, an integrated approach to the development of transport infrastructure is of great importance. The author concludes that a possible solution to the problem of rural depopulation through the development of road transport infrastructure, as well as its impact on achieving a high level of food security in the country.

Annotation: The purpose of the article is to identify the features of modern methods of the corporate system of training and development of employees and develop recommendations for increasing the efficiency of these processes based on the experience of foreign specialists. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved: the importance of new digital technologies and their implementation for the activities of organizations was shown; the most frequently implemented and used digital technologies in Russian organizations are highlighted: cloud services, big data, data centers, Internet of things; the need to formulate a strategic employee development program has been proven, which includes measures to familiarize oneself with the corporate culture, career planning, eliminate deficiencies in professional skills and provide constant feedback. As a result of the study, an effective system of training and development of employees was formed, which includes the following methods: mentoring; mutual learning; pre-employment training; “microlearning” The results obtained can be used both by teachers in the field of economics and by current managers of various organizations.