Headings of the journal
"Educational Resources and Technologies"

Annotation: This paper proposes a machine learning technique using game theory in the form of a hierarchical differencedifferential game of N+1 persons in a two-level decision-making system. The issues of machine learning based on nonlinear kernels are considered in relation to differential or difference-differential two-level cooperative games. It is proposed to use kernel proximity functions like Mercer kernels as potential learning functions at both levels of the differential hierarchical game. Due to the existence of a fixed point for this type of kernels, the learning algorithm will always converge to the solution of a differential hierarchical two-level game at the Nash equilibrium point. This makes it possible to obtain a sustainable learning algorithm. The paper shows that with the help of some nonlinear transformations of Mercer kernel functions of the radial basis type, it is possible to solve the classification problem for two classes using the method of potential functions. An example of applying the machine learning technique using the kernel approach and non-linear utility (preference functions) is shown. The results obtained can be used in the construction of mathematical models of hierarchical multilevel dynamical systems in order to study their properties.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the consideration of reforming the education system in the context of the concept of sustainable development. The applied aspects of the application and the possibility of implementing the postulates of sustainable development in educational practice are considered. It is noted that education is the foundation of the concept of sustainable development. The author applied a broad approach to the interpretation of education implemented within the framework of the concept of sustainable development. According to this approach, sustainability in education affects not only specialists in environmental areas, but all areas of university training, since the concept of sustainable development itself is much broader than the spectrum of nature protection issues and includes social, cultural, economic and other aspects of social development. It is noted that many countries of the world have been able to make significant progress in terms of the implementation of educational initiatives, while in Russia the idea of the sustainability of education remains on the periphery of the attention of researchers, politicians and the public. The ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development in the educational industry are considered.

Annotation: The issue of managing the IT architecture of an organization in the context of digital transformation is considererd in the paper. Digital transformation is a complex task that is associated with changing the information processes of an organization. In terms of complexity, digital transformation can be compared to continuous system restructuring. When developing a strategic information technology profile of an organization (IT profile), the task arises of assessing the effectiveness of its heterogeneous components and the profile as a whole. Based on the assessment results, the task of choosing the most preferred IT profile option from a variety of alternatives is solved. Due to the complexity of the formalized representation of a holistic model of the effectiveness of a strategic IT profile, it is often impossible to solve this problem using formal mathematical methods based on an accurate and adequate description of heterogeneous objects. To solve the problem under consideration, an approach is proposed using the apparatus of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic and a system of unified IT profile indicators. The proposed approach makes it possible to carry out quantitative and qualitative assessments of components and to obtain an integrated assessment of the alternatives being formed for the strategic IT profile of the organization and is aimed at reducing the risk of making inefficient project decisions.

Annotation: The article investigates the properties of semiotic signs in the information field. The analysis of the application of semiotics at the present time is given. The approach of F.D. Saussure and C.S. Peirce to the interpretation of semiotics is described. Three categories of C.S. Peirce are revealed in relation to the processes of semiosis or the functioning of signs in the information field. The similarity between an information unit and a semiotic sign is analyzed. It is shown that the information unit is a special case of a sign. The change of meaning when combining information units is shown. It is noted that information construction is permissible only within the framework of a given semiotic system. It is shown that signs acquire additional characteristics in the information field. Three functions of an information unit as a semiotic sign are introduced and revealed: signaling, causal and discriminant. An example of a simple semiotic system and a logical description of the information units of this system are given. The results of the study are aimed at developing the methodological foundations of semiotics in terms of the functioning of signs in the information field.

Annotation: The article describes the properties of dichotomous division and dichotomous analysis, their systematization and generalization are carried out in relation to the study of heterogeneous objects. The logical rules that are used in dichotomous division, allowing structural optimization, are described. The article describes a comparative dichotomous analysis based on qualitative division and qualitative comparison. Dichotomous analysis is considered as a method aimed at generating new knowledge. An important property of dichotomous analysis is highlighted – the possibility of dividing objects of the information field up to elements or information units. Such a property, combined with the logical rules implemented for the reference dichotomies occurring in the scientific theories of the studied problem, is considered as the core of the analytical knowledge base. A functional structure of the knowledge base is proposed based on information modeling procedures, logical rules for reference dichotomies, and comparative dichotomous analysis procedures. The proposed structure of the analytical knowledge base is a comprehensive tool for the study of heterogeneous objects.