Annotation: The need to abandon the consumption pattern of civilization has become obvious. The path to a new reality begins with a change in the beliefs based on the idea of the primacy of Spirit or matter. The world materialized the essence of the Spiritual, which led to the creation of anti-spiritual forms of social organization. The return to the understanding of the dual nature of human existence is the most important ideo-logical task of mankind. Spirituality allows us to find a solution to the most important problem of the devel-opment of society – the conflict of the will of the people and the will of the holders of power. The adoption of the law “On Electronic Electoral Voting” and its enforcement makes it possible to solve this problem.

Annotation: The influence of the political and ideological decisions of Prince Alexander Nevsky on the history of Russia and its modern state, law, society is considered. It is argued that thanks to his deeds and personality, many archetypes of the Russian national spirit have been formed in modern Russia as the original, primordial images and representations that determine the consciousness, feelings and behavior of both the people and the individual. The influence of traditional spiritual and moral values on the constitutional development of Russia is traced, the modern goal of such development is formulated: the construction of a new society and a moral state. The unity of the three components of the modern worldview Russian choice, which is behind the desire to build a new social system, based on the cultural-historical and political-legal traditions of Russia, stands out: thed-ukhovno-moral vision of the social reality of Metropolitan John (Snychev); ecomic theory of social justice and natural rent by academician D. Lvov; legal concept of the civilized society of academician V. Nersesyants.

Annotation: The research is devoted to the problem of identifying the factors of the historical process in modern political relations, the influence on the ongoing political reforms of the historical traditions of the institutions of public power in Russia not only in the XX century, but also in the new century. The new political history of the last three decades of the sovereign Russian state is in a situation of intensive formation of state institutions, which is relevant for scientific research and the development of the concept of the presentation of the historical process.

Annotation: The paper discusses the issues of national identity, which has become part of the system of constitutional values of the Russian Federation. The possibility of participation in international relations of a wide range of non-state actors is also noted, which affects the balance of power on the world stage. The need for the existence of a system of values that determine the identity of each state is justified.

Annotation: The paper discusses the views of the Russian thinker, philosopher, statesman and publicist I.A. Ilyin on the problems of finding new aspects in the development and transformation of the national idea, combining personal and state interests to solve the problems of the restoration of Russia and strengthening its unity.

Annotation: National idea is one of the most socially significant problems of modern Russia. Russian idea has been formed over the centuries Further meaningful and dynamic development of Russia is possible only through an appeal to historical background, the revival of spirituality, the rise of patriotism and the creative energy of society as a whole. The new National Security Strategy is one of the fo undations for strengthening the unity, stability and development of the creative potential of so-ciety, the driving force behind the revival of Russia’s greatness.

Annotation: During the constitutional reform of 2020, the text of the basic law of the Russian Federation was enriched with new terms and concepts. The meanings of many constitutional provisions are not always obvious. Therefore, first, these meanings need to be identified, and second, there may be a clash of meanings and a clash of interpretations. The paper presents judgments on the moral and legal aspects (including problematic ones) of the constitutional term “state-forming people” without claims to the exclusivity of one’s own position.

Annotation: Russian and Western civilizations are civilizations that have developed in different geographical conditions, which have formed different value priorities in them. In Russia, this is the priority of the common, while Western civilization is based on the priority of individual interests. Currently, the Russian Federation has adopted a Western ideology and legal system. This contradiction between the values of Russian culture and legal science of Russia, justifying its ideology, leads to the instability of society and should be resolved.

Annotation: There is an active appeal to national history at the present. The issue of its in-depth, comprehensive study, the use of all the positive things that have shown their effectiveness in reality has become more relevant than ever. This fully applies to the selected topic of the report. The aim is to study the rich experience of Russia in the field of selfgovernment and, especially, local self-government, to try to identify everything that is effective here and can be used in practical terms with appropriate amendments today. In this regard, the analysis is carried out. First of all, the paper discusses such important milestones, periods in the history of Russian self-government, as two stages of local government reforms of the second half of the XIX century; local government reforms of the period of the bourgeois republic in Russia (February–October 1917). The attitude to self-government during the years of Soviet power is also shown. It was emphasized that, on the whole, the position on this issue was heterogeneous and changeable. Everything was very modest in practical terms. However, significant achievements took place in theory, the theory of socialist and communist self-government. The conclusion that self-government is an ideal form of governance is presented. However, in principle, to a greater extent, this is a goal that should be constantly strived, but in practical terms it will never be fully achieved. The historical experience of Russia shows that self-government bodies can be created by both citizens and the state. At the same time, the leading role here belongs and should belong to the state. It is also important here that it is advisable to constantly emphasize and support this position of the state at all levels. First of all, three main scientific research methods are used - dogmatic, historical, comparative.