Headings of the journal
"Educational Resources and Technologies"

Annotation: The article examines the problem of creating and developing a comprehensive system of industrial environmental monitoring. The complexity of the problem lies in the presence of uncertainty in solving the problems of assessing and forecasting the environmental situation. The complexity of the structure and functionality of heterogeneous industrial environmental monitoring systems is shown, the relevance of modeling local systems at various levels is justified. Methods of mathematical support of software complexes of industrial environmental monitoring systems are investigated, characteristic features are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the methods used in the models allowed us to conclude that in certain cases, some of the methods cannot be used, some will require adaptation to a given object by empirically refining the coefficients of the equations underlying the method. Another group of methods is singled out, which does not take into account the geographical specifics of the area or, taking it into account, gives significant calculation errors commensurate with the initial values of concentrations. To solve the problem of leveling these shortcomings, an information model for modeling and monitoring the environmental situation is proposed. Recommendations are formulated for the creation and development of local industrial environmental monitoring systems based on improving numerical modeling methods, strengthening integration with enterprise information system platforms, expanding the functionality of remote data transmission, strengthening the analytical functionality of software tools.

Annotation: The article takes into cognizance the historical creation and evolution of the European Parliament Institute in the second half of the XX – and early XXI centuries. This pertinence is justified by the steady increase in the value of this structure in, the system of European Union bodies, despite the fact, that the European Union, which consist of 27 countries, currently considers itself to be one of the major centers of a multi-polar world. The purpose of the article is to identify the stages of formation of this structure, transformation of its values and functions over the past 70 years. Document analysis and the comparative historical methods were used as the key rules of work. The article provides an overview of the key powers of the European Parliament, shows their changes under the influence of the development of Western European integration. Attention is paid to the gradual expansion of the controlling functions of the EP, the transition first from consultative powers to deliberative and, finally, to legislative ones. The article analyzes the provisions of the Rome, Maastricht, Amsterdam, Lisbon treaties, the Single European Act, the Nice Treaty. On the basis of their position, the four stages of development of the European Parliament are substantiated, indicating the characteristic processes and innovations.

Annotation: The problems that caused the need for the development of case computing are considered in the paper. Alternative paradigms to classical computing have emerged: situational (technical) and neuromorphic (biological), as well as their combination. An alternative paradigm of information processing has appeared, based on modeling brain activity. Biosimilars of computational procedures are considered in the article and compared with situational information processing. It is shown that all biosimilars are case algorithms. Different types of computing and computing systems are considered, the directions of development of situational computing are highlighted. A model of a situation reflecting a change in the external environment for the simulated object, and a model of a computational situation reflecting the process of computing management or case computing are described in the article. The analysis of methods of case information processing based on biosimilars is presented in the article. It is shown that state of the art computing in complex situations should include computing control functions. This is confirmed by parallel and distributed computing systems. It is noted that biosimilars as case calculations are necessary in embedded systems and in cyber-physical systems with a large number of sensors and effectors.

Annotation: The article explores metamodeling and situational metamodeling in the information field. It introduces a new concept of situational metamodeling. It shows the mechanism of object and situations transforming into an information field. It also shows the difference between an object model and an information situation model and between an object metamodel and an information situation metamodel. The author shows similarities and differences between a metamodel and an information structure model in an information field. An information situation metamodel is the most informative in comparison with the listed models and metamodels. Situational metamodeling based on information morphism transforms sets of model parameters into functional dependencies of the metamodel, which is the main benefit of metamodeling. Situational metamodeling allows us to draw the function of latent parameters and on this basis reveals implicit knowledge. The article shows information units as the unifying factor between models and metamodels. Information units are elements of the information field. Situational metamodeling makes it possible to identify the patterns of the information field. The patterns of an information field make it possible to identify patterns of the external environment. Situational metamodeling is a tool for learning and gaining new knowledge.

Annotation: The article explores synergetics in the information field as a tool for modeling complex real objects and processes. A new concept of “information synergetics” is given, its theoretical and practical significance for the study of systems is revealed. The analysis of the properties and features of information synergetics in comparison with general synergetics as an interdisciplinary field of science studying dynamics and self-organization in open systems is carried out. Two model representations of synergetic processes are distinguished. The first model representation describes real processes related to the synergetics of real space. The second model representation describes the information processes occurring in the information field. Model representations are considered in the context of a unifying approach – a synergetic approach to assessing the states and properties of the system. The scheme of structural elements of information synergetics, which forms the basis for the systemology of solutions for overcoming information chaos by information methods, is given. The application of information synergetics on the example of mechatronics is considered.