Annotation: The article is devoted to the analysis of the state and development of Russian portals, which form a networked educational space. Network educational space uses publicly resources and specialized resources. Publicly resources include numerous portals and dictionaries, including Wikipedia. These resources are distinguished by unreliable information. Specialized resources form information portals of state organizations and educational websites of educational institutions. The variety of sites and portals makes it difficult to use them as interconnected elements of the network educational space and requires their systematization. The network educational space in the work is considered as a distributed information system. A systematic approach and a systematic description makes it possible to formally represent a profile educational portal as a model of a complex system. The paper highlights the system-level factors that hinder the development of the networked educational space in accordance with international standards. The direction of elimination of these factors by modernizing individual mechanisms of the educational system and legal system is proposed. The direction is proposed as to how and what to look for when creating a networked educational space.

Annotation: The article considers an example of using the concept of Ecole 42 school as one of the possible methodologies for the formation of General and General professional competencies for students who are studying middlelevel training programs at an economic University. The relevance of forming such General professional competencies as information search, analysis and application for solving professional tasks is explained by the tasks set by the Federal project “Personnel for the digital economy”. The application of the concept of this school in the implementation of the content of work programs of some General professional disciplines contributes to the development of analytical (in fact, research) abilities of students to interpret the selected information necessary for the implementation of tasks of future professional activity. Some examples of practical tasks in the author’s interpretation of the application of the chosen concept of General professional competence formation are given.

Annotation: The purpose of this article is to consider the socio-psychological aspects of the development of a student group. To achieve this goal, the authors reveal the main socio-psychological phenomena (social facilitation, inhibition, and others); factors that affect the effectiveness of educational activities in a student group: its size, composition, group norms, values, and motives. The stages of development of the group that are typical for each course of study at the University are described. The following research methods are used: theoretical research methods-analysis of primary sources and generalization of experience; empirical – questionnaires, testing, and interviewing. The results of the study of the index of group cohesion, resilience and the degree of satisfaction with educational activities in student groups are presented. The authors pay special attention to the analysis of satisfaction motives, which from the point of view of students are the most attractive and contribute to the achievement of educational goals.

Annotation: The aim of this research was to find new methods of education of managers who would be able to take responsibility in making managerial decisions, and who would have qualities relevant today, such as the ability to act in conditions of uncertainty, with a shortage of resources, and in crisis conditions. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that modern managers are not always ready to be responsible for decisions they take. Traditional and innovative methods of training managers are discussed in the article, their analysis is conducted. It is proposed to supplement the university and postgraduate training system for managers with a new intersubjective approach. Intersubjective approach to the finding a way out of problem situations management, which focuses on subject-subject relations, and its application in the process of managers training is described. It is shown that internally motivated actors-managers, immersed in a problem situation, are ready to participate in its resolution and take responsibility for the decisions made by them. An example of applying the intersubjective approach of problem situations resolution at the real enterprise is given.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the problem of reflecting some processes of language system development in up-to-date language teaching aids. Language is a complex self-sustained system which is characterised by the processes of simplification and reduction today, as well as the appearance of “pigeons” and its position of “lingua franca” that is reflected in all language aspects and basic skills. The notions under study are viewed in terms of their influence on the effectiveness and outcomes of the educational process as maintained in the National Curriculum. The problem highlighted stems from the fact that those processes and peculiarities of the language system are not covered by the majority of textbooks, which leads to the discrepancy between the requirements of unified state examinations and students’ preparation for them. The article includes examples of simplification and reduction in the language system. The reasons for these phenomena are analysed and possible solutions are offered, namely the revision of currently used textbooks and their adaptation to the modern language system development features, so that the abovementioned contradictions would be neutralised while training children to pass their final exams.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the problems of forming listening skills in a foreign language as the most complex type of speech activity. The purpose of this study is to analyze and classify the difficulties of listening, which can form the basis for developing a system for the formation of the listening competence of students, who learning Chinese. The relevance of this work lies in the interest that Russian students show in studying the language of PRC and the difficulties that they have to face in their learning. Achieving this goal involves solving the following problems: 1) a generalization of factors that adversely affect the perception of foreign language speech; 2) a description of the specifics of listening, characteristic of learning exactly the Chinese language; 3) classification of the identified difficulties according to their characteristic features. These tasks identified analysis, synthesis and classification as the main research methods. As the main result of the study, a classification of the difficulties characteristic of teaching Russian-speaking students is given for the further development of a system of exercises that allows to form an listening competency to a greater extent.

Annotation: The article a method of masking for a virtual machine, which is launched utilizing virtualization systems QEMU and KVM are proposed. The aim of the work is to create a method for masking a virtual machine, using which the detection of a virtual machine will be complicated. It is shown that the cost of CPU time to exit and return to the virtualization system is the most characteristic feature that allows malware to detect the use of a VM. A method for masking a VM is proposed based on counting the number of actually passed ticks of the host processor and replacing it when returning to the VM. Algorithms of evading tests for virtual environment presence are described. The result of the masking method are presented. The relevance of the proposed method implementation is given. Possible application scenarios for the method are also described. The proposed method of masking the virtual environment can be used to analyze the behavior of malware. As a result of applying the developed masking method, programs could not detect the presence of a virtual environment. The obtained research results will be useful for developers of malware analysis tools.

Annotation: To systematize combinatorial sequences, as well as the associated to them two-index sequences, T-models and T-diagrams are used. T-models are sequences of numerical tables of a peculiar kind, and T-diagrams are Hasse diagrams based on these tables. Defining the T-model with a set of alphabet, special mapping, and initial table makes it easy to obtain classes of T-models and T-diagrams by introducing parameters. Comparison of these classes by the type of special mapping makes it possible to construct their systematization. As an example, the article gives a systematization of classes of degrees, generalized factorials, generalized Fibonacci numbers, Catalan numbers and Bell numbers, as well as some other classes of generalized numbers that are simply systematized by this method.

Annotation: The article explores the evolution of systems by the example of the relationship of hierarchical, subsidiary and decentralized systems. The article explores algorithms of the corresponding types. The relationship between the algorithm and system behavior is shown. Hierarchical systems are considered as the starting point of research. The article examines mainly subsidiary and decentralized systems. The article explores subsidiary and decentralized algorithms. Hierarchical and subsidiary systems are connected by the main subsystem - the coordinator of actions. Subsidiary systems are formed from hierarchical ones under the influence of the external environment. The external environment necessitates the interaction of elements of lower levels with the environment. Subsidiary systems characterize the interaction of elements with the environment at lower levels. Subsidiary systems characterize the allocation of individual resources to lower level elements. In subsidiary systems, the executive mechanisms of hierarchical systems are transformed into agents. The intensification of external influences on the subsidiary or on the hierarchical system leads to the decentralization of the system. Under these conditions, the subsidiary system is transformed into a decentralized system. The article is devoted to the study of subsidiary and decentralized systems. The similarities and differences between subsidiary and decentralized systems are shown. Decentralized system agents have the resources and computing power. Agents of decentralized systems form group intelligence. Decentralized systems are governed by an algorithm, not a coordinator. The article introduces the concept of a system algorithm that performs the functions of a coordinator in a decentralized system.

Annotation: The article describes the application of methods of social cybernetics to solve the problems of real estate valuation. The article shows that the model of social cybernetics is a model of the information situation. The article shows the difference between a cybernetic model and a descriptive non-cybernetic model. The conditions under which the information situation is a cybernetic or non-cybernetic model are shown. The concept of the core of the situation is described and the content of this concept is revealed. The article gives a comparison of the training of specialists in the field of real estate valuation in Russia and abroad. The article introduces a new concept and a new information model - a model of situational assessment. The content of this model is revealed. The article describes the content of the situational approach in assessment. The article explores the temporal model of the assessment situation and the spatial model of situational assessment. The difference between the temporal estimation model and the spatio-temporal estimation model is shown. The difference between the additive valuation model and the multiplicative model for valuing real estate objects is shown

Annotation: The article deals with the issue of educational reforms carried out during the reign of Catherine II, by the beginning of whose reign the Russian educational system did not have a clearly defined pedagogical model, the number of open educational institutions was limited and did not meet the needs of the state. In this regard, the pedagogical ideas of French educators became the basis of the first legislative documents of the reign of Catherine II. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that, despite the extensive historiography, there are no works defining the full range of sources that influenced the development of educational initiatives of the era of Catherine II. The article analyzes the influence of the French writer and religious figure Francois Fenelon, whose ideas were used by the Marquise de Maintenon in the preparation of the educational program of the Royal Orphanage of Saint-Louis in Saint-Cyr. A comparative analysis of the programs of the Foundling home and the “Charter for the education of noble maidens” by I. I. Betsky is presented. The authors pay special attention to the French model of women’s education and its impact on the Russian educational reform. The article analyzes translated pedagogical works (J.-M. Leprens de Beaumont, L.-F.-P. d’Epinay), which allow us to get the most complete picture of the development of educational initiatives.

Annotation: Modern problems in the field of education are largely due to the inability of public consciousness, including in the field of educational practice, to skillfully dispose of such a powerful technological resource as “digital”. The triumphant March of digital technologies, the charm of their power, and the effectiveness of their services do not always allow us to take a thoughtful, and therefore critical, approach and evaluate this “magic” tool in the field of educational activities. Despite the widespread use of digital technologies in the educational process, as the accumulated experience reveals the negative aspects of their use. A concentrated conclusion from this difficult situation was the thesis: “there is a lot of information – there is not enough knowledge”. This circumstance requires improvement and development of pedagogical technologies. This leads to an important scientific and practical problem of understanding the digitalization of society in the field of education through the prism of humanitarian approaches, the need to develop humanitarian criteria and assessments of this process